FREE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS IN THE EU WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHALLENGE OF EUROPE: THE CASE OF LABOUR MIGRATION FROM TURKEY TO GERMANY

Abstract

According to the data available, the EU is facing unprecedented demographic changes that will have significant implications and consequences for political, social and economic compositions of the countries. Since the 1990s, governments have been aware of demographic changes and are consequently reconsidering their pension schemes, health-care systems, and policies for economic sustainability. In response to demographic change, labour migration has emerged as a possible means to alleviate the economic consequences of demographic change. Although many criticize the option of labour migration arguing that labour migration cannot be relied on solving these

Keywords

• Free Movement of Workers
• Demographic Decline
• Labour Shortages
• Labour Migration from Turkey to Germany
• Effects of Labour Migration on Domestic Markets.

FREE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS IN THE EU WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHALLENGE OF EUROPE: THE CASE OF LABOUR MIGRATION FROM TURKEY TO GERMANY

Öz

Son verilere göre, Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinin politik, sosyal ve ekonomik yapılarında önemli etkileri olabilecek eşi görülmemiş bir nüfus değişimi yaşamaktadır. 1990’lardan bu yana Avrupa devletleri bu değişimin farkındadırlar ve emeklilik sistemleri, sağlık sistemleri ve ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik politikalarını yeniden gözden geçirmektedirler. Son yıllarda işçi göçleri, nüfus değişiminin ekonomik etkilerini en aza indirmede bir araç olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Birçok politikacı ve yazar işçi göçü seçeneğini “güvenilmez”, “yararsız” ve yerel iş piyasalar üzerinde olumsuz etkiler bırakacağı şeklinde eleştirse de, işçi göçleri kısa vadede tek seçim olarak Avrupa Birliğinin önünde durmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma işçi göçlerinin yerel iş piyasaları üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Durum çalışması olarak 1961–73 yılları arasında Türkiye’den Almanya’ya gerçekleşen işçi göçleri incelenecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşçilerin Serbest Dolaşımı
• Nüfus Azalması
• İşgücü Açığı
• Türkiye’den Almanya’ya İşçi Göçü
• İşçi Göçünün Yerel Piyasalar Üzerindeki Etkileri

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