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BREXIT VE AVRUPA’DA POPÜLİST RADİKAL SAĞIN YÜKSELİŞİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 20 , 95 - 118, 13.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.978784

Öz

Ekonomik kriz ve göç krizi gibi son yıllarda AB projesinin karşılaştığı en büyük zorluklardan biri Brexit sürecidir. Brexit, Avrupa entegrasyon tarihindeki önemli
dönüm noktalarından biridir. Bu makalede Brexit, yükselen popülizm ve radikal sağın bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İlk olarak, Birleşik Krallık’ta
Avrupa şüpheciliğinin özellikle de Birleşik Krallık Bağımsızlık Partisi (UKIP)’in Brexit sürecindeki rolü incelendikten sonra, yükselen popülizm ve radikal sağın
Brexit referandum kampanya sürecindeki söylemlere, politikalara ve referandum sonucuna yansımaları tartışılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ashcroft, R. ve M. Bevir, “Pluralism, National Identity and Citizenship: Britain after Brexit”, The Politıcal Quarterly, Cilt 87, Sayı 3, Temmuz-Eylül 2016.
  • Bale, T., “Who Leads and Who Follows? The Symbiotic Relationship between UKIP and the Conservatives: and Populism and Euroscepticism”, Politics, Cilt 38, Sayı 3, 2018.
  • BBC, “Brexit: What will Challenge after Friday, 31 January?”, 1 Şubat 2020, Erişim tarihi: 12 Şubat 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51194363
  • BBC Türkçe, “Brexit: İngiltere’nin Geçiş Döneminin Sonuna Kadar Çözmesi Gereken 5 Konu”, 2 Şubat 2020, Erişim tarihi: 12 Şubat 2020, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-51349444
  • BBC Türkçe, “Avrupa Parlamentosu Seçimi: İngiltere’de Brexit Partisi Zafer Kazandı: İktidardaki Muhafazakar Parti Yüzde Dokuza Geriledi”, 27 Mayıs 2019, Erişim tarihi: 23 Kasım 2019, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberlerdunya-48417901
  • BBC News, “EU Referendum: Row over Turkey’s Membership Bid Escalates”, 24 Mayıs 2016, Erişim tarihi: 17 Ekim 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/ukpolitics-eu-referendum-36353013
  • Brack, N. ve N. Startin, “Introduction: Euroscepticism, from the Margins to the Mainstream”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Browning, C., “Brexit Populism and Fantasies of Fulfilment”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2019.1567461
  • Cox, M., “The Rise of Populism and the Crisis of Globalisation: Brexit, Trump and Beyond”, LSE Research Online, Irish Studies in International Affairs 28, 2017.
  • Crewe, I., “Authoritarian Populism and Brexit in the UK in Historical Perspective”, I. Crewe ve D. Sanders (Der.), Authoritarian Populism and Liberal Democracy, Palgrave Pub., 2020.
  • Editorial, “After the Brexit Referendum: Revisiting Populism as an Ideology”, Journal of Political Ideologies, Cilt 22, Sayı 1, 2017.
  • 2019 European Election Results, Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2019 , https://www.europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/united-kingdom/
  • Farrell, H. ve A. Newman, “Brexit, Voice and Loyalty: Rethinking Electoral Politics in an Age of Interdependence”, Review of International Political Economy, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 2017.
  • Goodwin, M. ve C. Milazzo, “Taking Back Control? Investigating the Role of Immigration in the 2016 Vote for Brexit”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 19, Sayı 3, 2017.
  • Gürsoy, Y., “Brexit: Türkiye-Birleşik Krallık-AB İlişkilerinde Siyasi ve Ekonomik Riskler ve Fırsatlar”, DEİK, 2019,
  • Hobolt, S. B., “The Brexit Vote: A Divided Nation, A Divided Continent”, Journal of European Public Policy, Cilt 23, Sayı 9, 2016.
  • Iakhnis, E., vd., “Populist Referendum: Was Brexit an Expression of Nativist and Anti-elitist Sentiment?”, Research and Politics, Nisan-Haziran 2018.
  • Kaya, A., “Avrupa’da Popülist Sağın Yükselişi: Popülizm Nedir?”, EuroPolitika , 2019.
  • Ker-Lindsay, J., “Turkey’s EU Accession as a Factor in the 2016 Brexit Referendum”, Turkish Studies, Cilt 19, Sayı 1, 2018.
  • Kneuer, M., “The Tandem of Populism and Euroscepticism: A Comparative Perspective in the Light of the European Crises”, Contemporary Social Science, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2018.1426874
  • Leconte, C., “From Pathology to Mainstream Phenomenon: Reviewing the Euroscepticism Debate in Research and Theory”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Lee, N., vd., “Immobility and The Brexit Vote”, Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Sayı 11, 2018.
  • Lindgaard, J., vd., “Turkey in European Identity Politics: Key Drivers and Future Scenarios”, FEUTURE Online Paper, Sayı 19, Nisan 2018.
  • Manners, I. , “Political Psychology of European Integration: The (Re)production of Identity and Difference in the Brexit Debate”, Political Physchology, Cilt 39, Sayı 6, 2018.
  • Marsh, D., “Brexit and The Politics of Truth”, British Politics, Sayı 13, 2018, http://doi.org/10.1057/s41293-018-0076-x
  • Mudde, C., Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Mudde, C. ‘The Populist Zeitgeist’, Government and Opposition, Vol. 39, No.4, 2004.
  • Müller, J. W., Popülizm Nedir?, İstanbul: İletişim Yay., 2018.
  • New York Times, “A Simple Guide to Why It Matters and What Happens Next”, 3 Mayıs 2019, Erişim tarihi: 22 Haziran 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/world/europe/what-is-brexit.html
  • Norris, P. ve R. Inglehart, Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and The Rise of Authoritarian Populism, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
  • Pirro, A. LP. ve P. Taggart, “The Populist Politics of Euroscepticism in Times of Crisis: A Framework for Analysis”, Politics, Cilt 38, Sayı 3, 2018.
  • Richardson, J., “Brexit: The EU Policy-Making State Hits the Populist Buffers”, The Political Quarterly, Cilt 89, Sayı 1, Ocak-Mart 2018.
  • Sitter, N., “The Politics of Opposition and European Integration in Scandinavia: Is Euro- Scepticism a Government-Opposition Dynamic?”, West European Politics, Cilt 24, Sayı 4, 2001.
  • Startin, N., “Have we Reached a Tipping Point? The Mainstreaming of Euroscepticism in the UK”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Steenbergen, M. R. ve T. Siczek, “Better the Devil You Know? Risk-taking, Globalization and Populism in Great Britain”, European Union Politics, Cilt 18, Sayı 1, 2017.
  • Taguieff, P.A., “Political Science Confronts Populism: From a Conceptual Mirage to a Real Problem”, Telos, Sayı 103, 1995.
  • Ugorji, M., “Brexit, Trumpism and the Agency of Populism in Contemporary Political Communication”, Journal of Mass Communication & Journalism, Cilt 8, Sayı 1, 2018.
  • van Kessel, S. , vd., “Eager to Leave? Populist Radical Right Parties’ Responses to the UK’s Brexit Vote”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 22, Sayı 1, 2020.
  • Weyland, K., “Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics”, Comparative Politics, Cilt 34, Sayı 1, 2001.
  • Wilson, G. K., “Brexit, Trump and the Special Relationship”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 19, Sayı 3, 2017.
  • Wodak, R., The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean, London: Sage Pub. , 2015.

Brexit and Rise of Populist Radical Right in Europe

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 20 , 95 - 118, 13.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.978784

Öz

Brexit is one of the main challenges that is faced by the EU after the economic and the migration crises and one of the main turning points in the history of European integration. In this article rising populism and radical right are taken into consideration and Brexit is analysed as a reflection of these tendencies. Firstly, the role of Euroscepticism in the UK, especially the role of UK Independence Party (UKIP) in the Brexit process is analysed. Secondly the role of rising populism and
radical right in the discourse and policies during the referendum campaign process and their influence in the results of the referendum are discussed.

Kaynakça

  • Ashcroft, R. ve M. Bevir, “Pluralism, National Identity and Citizenship: Britain after Brexit”, The Politıcal Quarterly, Cilt 87, Sayı 3, Temmuz-Eylül 2016.
  • Bale, T., “Who Leads and Who Follows? The Symbiotic Relationship between UKIP and the Conservatives: and Populism and Euroscepticism”, Politics, Cilt 38, Sayı 3, 2018.
  • BBC, “Brexit: What will Challenge after Friday, 31 January?”, 1 Şubat 2020, Erişim tarihi: 12 Şubat 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-51194363
  • BBC Türkçe, “Brexit: İngiltere’nin Geçiş Döneminin Sonuna Kadar Çözmesi Gereken 5 Konu”, 2 Şubat 2020, Erişim tarihi: 12 Şubat 2020, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-51349444
  • BBC Türkçe, “Avrupa Parlamentosu Seçimi: İngiltere’de Brexit Partisi Zafer Kazandı: İktidardaki Muhafazakar Parti Yüzde Dokuza Geriledi”, 27 Mayıs 2019, Erişim tarihi: 23 Kasım 2019, https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberlerdunya-48417901
  • BBC News, “EU Referendum: Row over Turkey’s Membership Bid Escalates”, 24 Mayıs 2016, Erişim tarihi: 17 Ekim 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/ukpolitics-eu-referendum-36353013
  • Brack, N. ve N. Startin, “Introduction: Euroscepticism, from the Margins to the Mainstream”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Browning, C., “Brexit Populism and Fantasies of Fulfilment”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2019.1567461
  • Cox, M., “The Rise of Populism and the Crisis of Globalisation: Brexit, Trump and Beyond”, LSE Research Online, Irish Studies in International Affairs 28, 2017.
  • Crewe, I., “Authoritarian Populism and Brexit in the UK in Historical Perspective”, I. Crewe ve D. Sanders (Der.), Authoritarian Populism and Liberal Democracy, Palgrave Pub., 2020.
  • Editorial, “After the Brexit Referendum: Revisiting Populism as an Ideology”, Journal of Political Ideologies, Cilt 22, Sayı 1, 2017.
  • 2019 European Election Results, Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2019 , https://www.europarl.europa.eu/election-results-2019/en/united-kingdom/
  • Farrell, H. ve A. Newman, “Brexit, Voice and Loyalty: Rethinking Electoral Politics in an Age of Interdependence”, Review of International Political Economy, Cilt 24, Sayı 2, 2017.
  • Goodwin, M. ve C. Milazzo, “Taking Back Control? Investigating the Role of Immigration in the 2016 Vote for Brexit”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 19, Sayı 3, 2017.
  • Gürsoy, Y., “Brexit: Türkiye-Birleşik Krallık-AB İlişkilerinde Siyasi ve Ekonomik Riskler ve Fırsatlar”, DEİK, 2019,
  • Hobolt, S. B., “The Brexit Vote: A Divided Nation, A Divided Continent”, Journal of European Public Policy, Cilt 23, Sayı 9, 2016.
  • Iakhnis, E., vd., “Populist Referendum: Was Brexit an Expression of Nativist and Anti-elitist Sentiment?”, Research and Politics, Nisan-Haziran 2018.
  • Kaya, A., “Avrupa’da Popülist Sağın Yükselişi: Popülizm Nedir?”, EuroPolitika , 2019.
  • Ker-Lindsay, J., “Turkey’s EU Accession as a Factor in the 2016 Brexit Referendum”, Turkish Studies, Cilt 19, Sayı 1, 2018.
  • Kneuer, M., “The Tandem of Populism and Euroscepticism: A Comparative Perspective in the Light of the European Crises”, Contemporary Social Science, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2018.1426874
  • Leconte, C., “From Pathology to Mainstream Phenomenon: Reviewing the Euroscepticism Debate in Research and Theory”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Lee, N., vd., “Immobility and The Brexit Vote”, Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Sayı 11, 2018.
  • Lindgaard, J., vd., “Turkey in European Identity Politics: Key Drivers and Future Scenarios”, FEUTURE Online Paper, Sayı 19, Nisan 2018.
  • Manners, I. , “Political Psychology of European Integration: The (Re)production of Identity and Difference in the Brexit Debate”, Political Physchology, Cilt 39, Sayı 6, 2018.
  • Marsh, D., “Brexit and The Politics of Truth”, British Politics, Sayı 13, 2018, http://doi.org/10.1057/s41293-018-0076-x
  • Mudde, C., Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  • Mudde, C. ‘The Populist Zeitgeist’, Government and Opposition, Vol. 39, No.4, 2004.
  • Müller, J. W., Popülizm Nedir?, İstanbul: İletişim Yay., 2018.
  • New York Times, “A Simple Guide to Why It Matters and What Happens Next”, 3 Mayıs 2019, Erişim tarihi: 22 Haziran 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/world/europe/what-is-brexit.html
  • Norris, P. ve R. Inglehart, Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and The Rise of Authoritarian Populism, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
  • Pirro, A. LP. ve P. Taggart, “The Populist Politics of Euroscepticism in Times of Crisis: A Framework for Analysis”, Politics, Cilt 38, Sayı 3, 2018.
  • Richardson, J., “Brexit: The EU Policy-Making State Hits the Populist Buffers”, The Political Quarterly, Cilt 89, Sayı 1, Ocak-Mart 2018.
  • Sitter, N., “The Politics of Opposition and European Integration in Scandinavia: Is Euro- Scepticism a Government-Opposition Dynamic?”, West European Politics, Cilt 24, Sayı 4, 2001.
  • Startin, N., “Have we Reached a Tipping Point? The Mainstreaming of Euroscepticism in the UK”, International Political Science Review, Cilt 36, Sayı 3, 2015.
  • Steenbergen, M. R. ve T. Siczek, “Better the Devil You Know? Risk-taking, Globalization and Populism in Great Britain”, European Union Politics, Cilt 18, Sayı 1, 2017.
  • Taguieff, P.A., “Political Science Confronts Populism: From a Conceptual Mirage to a Real Problem”, Telos, Sayı 103, 1995.
  • Ugorji, M., “Brexit, Trumpism and the Agency of Populism in Contemporary Political Communication”, Journal of Mass Communication & Journalism, Cilt 8, Sayı 1, 2018.
  • van Kessel, S. , vd., “Eager to Leave? Populist Radical Right Parties’ Responses to the UK’s Brexit Vote”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 22, Sayı 1, 2020.
  • Weyland, K., “Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics”, Comparative Politics, Cilt 34, Sayı 1, 2001.
  • Wilson, G. K., “Brexit, Trump and the Special Relationship”, The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Cilt 19, Sayı 3, 2017.
  • Wodak, R., The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean, London: Sage Pub. , 2015.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Selcen Öner Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6276-7221

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ağustos 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 20

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Öner, Selcen. “BREXIT VE AVRUPA’DA POPÜLİST RADİKAL SAĞIN YÜKSELİŞİ”. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi 20, Ağustos (Ağustos 2021): 95-118. https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.978784.

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Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi (AAÇD) Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.