BRAIN DRAIN TOWARD EU AND ITS IMPACT ON LABOR MARKET: ALBANIAN CASE

Öz

This paper analyzes the relationship that exists between human capital and the labor market. The focus of this study is the labor market in Albania. Albania, being a developing country, is facing the loss of its workforce as a result of the brain drain. The study analyzes the role of international migration policies in the management of this phenomenon. It emphasizes the role of the EU in acquiring skilled people from developing countries including Albania. It estimates that Albania has now turned into a sending country of workforce because the number of young people who have left Albania in recent years to migrate toward the EU has increased. Two of the main consequences of this phenomenon are the decrease in the workforce and the crisis in the pension system. The study also shows that despite Albania is one of the youngest middle-aged countries in Europe, brain drain has caused population decline.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human Capital
• Population Decline
• Labor Market
• EU
• Migration Policies.

AB'YE DOĞRU BEYİN GÖÇÜ VE İŞGÜCÜ PİYASASINA ETKİSİ: ARNAVUTLUK ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Bu makale, insan sermayesi ile işgücü piyasası arasında var olan ilişkiyi analiz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın odak noktası Arnavutluk'taki işgücü piyasasıdır. Gelişmekte olan bir ülke olan Arnavutluk, beyin göçü nedeniyle iş gücü kaybıyla uğraşmaktadır. Makalede, bu olgunun yönetiminde uluslararası göç politikalarının rolünü analiz edilmektedir. Arnavutluk da dahil olmak üzere gelişmekte olan ülkelerden vasıflı insanlar kazanmasında AB'nin rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Makalede, Arnavutluk'un son yıllarda AB'ye göç etmek için Arnavutluk'tan ayrılan gençlerin sayısı arttığı için gönderen bir işgücü ülkesine dönüştüğünü vurgulamaktadır. Bu olgunun temel sonuçlarından ikisi işgücünün azalması ve emeklilik sistemindeki krizdir. Çalışma ayrıca, Arnavutluk'un Avrupa'nın en genç orta yaşlı ülkelerinden biri olmasına rağmen, beyin göçünün nüfusun azalmasına neden olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beşeri Sermaye
• Nüfus Azalması
• İşgücü Piyasası
• AB
• Göç Politikaları

Kaynakça

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