Nesnelerin interneti tabanlı endüstriyel otomasyon ve uzaktan bakım için MQTT protokolünün değerlendirilmesi
Öz
Dördüncü sanayi devrimi uzaktan kontrol olanaklarını yeniden tanımlayan internet nesnelerindeki gelişmelerle ilerliyor. Bu çalışmada MQTT protokolünün HTTP ve CoAP'ye kıyasla avantajlarını doğru bir şekilde ölçmeye odaklanıldı. Bu değerlendirmeyi gerçekleştirmek için, birkaç temel teknolojiyi birleştiren kapsamlı bir test yapıldı: Sıcaklık izleme için DHT11 sensörleri ve elektriksel ölçümler için ACS712 sensörleri, veri toplamayı yöneten bir ESP8266 işlem birimi, MQTT mesajlarını yöneten Raspberry Pi'ye kurulu bir Mosquitto sunucusu, hepsi Node-Red arayüzü kullanılarak görselleştirildi. Beş gün süren yoğun test ve 1.500 örneğin analizinden sonraki bulgulara göre: MQTT, 150 milisaniyelik ortalama yanıt süresiyle (sadece 5 ms'lik bir hata payıyla), neredeyse %100'lük bir iletim başarı oranıyla ve optimize edilmiş enerji tüketimiyle diğer protokollerden açıkça daha iyi performans göstermektedir. Bu performans, MQTT'yi zorlu endüstriyel uygulamalar için ideal bir aday haline getiriyor. Bu çalışma, MQTT'nin yapay zeka ve uç sınır bilişimle entegresi sonucu üretim sistemlerimizde devrim yaratıcı daha bağlantılı ve akıllı bir endüstrinin önünü açmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Endüstriyel nesnelerin interneti MQTT protokolü ağ gecikmesi güvenilirlik enerji verimliliği MQTT aracısı
Kaynakça
- Lee, I., & Lee, K. (2022). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 65(1), 67–77.
- Zonta, T., et al. (2020). Predictive maintenance in the Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 150, 106889.
- Thavasimuthu, A., et al. (2022). A Review on Communication Protocols of Industrial Internet of Things. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 29, 100308.
- Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M., & Ayyash, M. (2015). Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(4), 2347–2376.
- Seoane, V., Rubio, C.G., Almenares, F., Campo, C. (2021). Performance evaluation of CoAP and MQTT with security support for IoT environments, Computer Networks Volume 197, 9 October 2021, 108338
- Aldin, H N. S., Ghods, M.R., Nayebipour, F., Torshiz, M. N., (2024). A comprehensive review of energy harvesting and routing strategies for IoT sensors sustainability and communication technology, Sensors International Volume 5, 2024, 100258
- Thangavel, D., Ma, X., Valera, A., Tan, H. P., & Tan, C. K. Y. (2014). Performance evaluation of MQTT and CoAP via a common middleware. 2014 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), 1–6.
- Hunkeler, U., Truong, H. L., & Stanford-Clark, A. (2008). MQTT-S — A publish/subscribe protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2008 3rd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware and Workshops (COMSWARE), 791–798.
- Chaqfeh, M., & Mohamed, N. (2012). Challenges in middleware solutions for the Internet of Things. In Proceedings of the IEEE ICC.
- Eclipse Mosquitto Project. (2024). Available at: https://mosquitto.org/
- Node-RED Documentation. (2024). Available at : https://nodered.org/ docs/
- Arduino IDE Documentation. Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/ reference/en/
- MQTT.org. (2024). MQTT Technical Specification. Available at: https://mqtt.org/
Öz
The fourth industrial revolution is underway, driven by spectacular advances in IoT that are redefining the possibilities for equipment monitoring, automated diagnostics and remote control. In this changing landscape; our research has focused on accurately measuring the advantages of the MQTT protocol over its main competitors, HTTP and CoAP, in an environment that replicates real-world industrial conditions. To conducts this evaluation, we designed a comprehensive test bench combining several key technologies: DHT11 sensors for temperature monitoring and ACS712 sensors for electrical measurements, an ESP8266 processing unit managing data collection, a Mosquitto server installed on Raspberry Pi managing MQTT messages, all visualised using the Node-Red interface. After five days of intensive testing and analysis of 1,500 samples, the figures speak for themselves: MQTT clearly outperforms other protocols with an average response time of 150 milliseconds (with a margin of error of only 5ms), a transmission success rate of nearly 100%, and optimised energy consumption. This exceptional performance makes MQTT the ideal candidate for demanding industrial applications. However, a few practical challenges still need to be addressed for large-scale adoption: strengthening the security of exchanges via protocols such as TLS, facilitating connection with traditional industrial systems, and training technicians in these new technologies. This work paves the way for a more connected and intelligent industry, where the combination of MQTT with AI and edge computing could well revolutionise the way, we produce.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Industrial IoT MQTT protocol Network latency Reliability Energy efficiency Mosquitto
Kaynakça
- Lee, I., & Lee, K. (2022). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 65(1), 67–77.
- Zonta, T., et al. (2020). Predictive maintenance in the Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 150, 106889.
- Thavasimuthu, A., et al. (2022). A Review on Communication Protocols of Industrial Internet of Things. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 29, 100308.
- Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M., & Ayyash, M. (2015). Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(4), 2347–2376.
- Seoane, V., Rubio, C.G., Almenares, F., Campo, C. (2021). Performance evaluation of CoAP and MQTT with security support for IoT environments, Computer Networks Volume 197, 9 October 2021, 108338
- Aldin, H N. S., Ghods, M.R., Nayebipour, F., Torshiz, M. N., (2024). A comprehensive review of energy harvesting and routing strategies for IoT sensors sustainability and communication technology, Sensors International Volume 5, 2024, 100258
- Thangavel, D., Ma, X., Valera, A., Tan, H. P., & Tan, C. K. Y. (2014). Performance evaluation of MQTT and CoAP via a common middleware. 2014 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), 1–6.
- Hunkeler, U., Truong, H. L., & Stanford-Clark, A. (2008). MQTT-S — A publish/subscribe protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2008 3rd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware and Workshops (COMSWARE), 791–798.
- Chaqfeh, M., & Mohamed, N. (2012). Challenges in middleware solutions for the Internet of Things. In Proceedings of the IEEE ICC.
- Eclipse Mosquitto Project. (2024). Available at: https://mosquitto.org/
- Node-RED Documentation. (2024). Available at : https://nodered.org/ docs/
- Arduino IDE Documentation. Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/ reference/en/
- MQTT.org. (2024). MQTT Technical Specification. Available at: https://mqtt.org/
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sistem ve Ağ Güvenliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Ağustos 2025 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 8 Ağustos 2025 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 12 Aralık 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 72 |
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