Research Article

The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function

Volume: 8 Number: 2 March 10, 2026
EN TR

The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function

Abstract

Aims: We aimed to define the effects of blepharostat time and phacoemulsification parameters on the function of the upper eyelid elevators. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study analyzed the eyes of patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation surgery. Margin reflex distance, palpebral fissure height, and the functions of the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) and Müller's muscle were measured on the day before surgery, at one and six months postsurgery. Intraoperatively, blepharostat time, phaco time, and phaco power were recorded. The change in the preoperative and postoperative LPS and Müller's muscle functions was also estimated. Results: We included 64 eyes from 64 patients. Postoperative first- and sixth-month Müller's muscle function were significantly lower than preoperative values (p=0.011 and p=0.015, respectively). The decreases in postoperative first- and sixth-month Müller's muscle functions were related to the blepharostat time (Spearman’s rho: 0.357, p=0.021; Spearman’s rho: 0.292, p=0.042). Phaco time and power did not correlate with decreases in Müller's muscle function. No patient had a ptosis finding. Conclusion: Müller's muscle function decreased after uncomplicated phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation surgery and persisted throughout the six-month follow-up. Blepharostat time was identified as an associated factor for this decline.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The authors did not receive financial support from private or public funding agencies and have no financial interest in the product, method, or material described herein.

Ethical Statement

The İzmir Bakırçay University Ethics Committee approved this study on July 3, 2025, with protocol decision numbers 2092-2102. All procedures were carried out in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and the institutional research committee's guidelines. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Thanks

NA

References

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  2. Gurnani B, Kaur K. Phacoemulsification. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, Copyright © 2025, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2025.
  3. Kashkouli MB, Abdolalizadeh P, Es'haghi A, Nilforushan N, Aghaei H, Karimi N. Postoperative blepharoptosis after modern phacoemulsification procedure. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020;213:17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.12.023
  4. Deady JP, Price NJ, Sutton GA. Ptosis following cataract and trabeculectomy surgery. Br J Ophthalmol. 1989;73(4):283-285. doi:10. 1136/bjo.73.4.283
  5. Bernardino CR, Rubin PA. Ptosis after cataract surgery. Semin Ophthalmol. 2002;17(3-4):144-148. doi:10.1076/soph.17.3.144.14782
  6. Puvanachandra N, Hustler A, Seah LL, Tyers AG. The incidence of ptosis following extracapsular and phacoemulsification surgery: comparison of two prospective studies and review of the literature. Orbit. 2010;29(6):321-323. doi:10.3109/01676830.2010.522297
  7. Marqués-Fernández V, García-Zamora M, Calabuig-Goena M, et al. An objective evaluation of the upper eyelid position after phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Semin Ophthalmol. 2019;34(6):442-445. doi:10.1080/ 08820538.2019.1643379
  8. Godfrey KJ, Korn BS, Kikkawa DO. Blepharoptosis following ocular surgery: identifying risk factors. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016;27(1):31-37. doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000218

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Ophthalmology

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

March 10, 2026

Submission Date

December 12, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 16, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 8 Number: 2

APA
Karabulut, S., & Karabulut, M. (2026). The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function. Anatolian Current Medical Journal, 8(2), 301-304. https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1841057
AMA
1.Karabulut S, Karabulut M. The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function. Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj. 2026;8(2):301-304. doi:10.38053/acmj.1841057
Chicago
Karabulut, Sinem, and Müjdat Karabulut. 2026. “The Impact of Phacoemulsification Surgery on Upper Eyelid Elevator Function”. Anatolian Current Medical Journal 8 (2): 301-4. https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1841057.
EndNote
Karabulut S, Karabulut M (March 1, 2026) The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function. Anatolian Current Medical Journal 8 2 301–304.
IEEE
[1]S. Karabulut and M. Karabulut, “The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function”, Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 301–304, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.38053/acmj.1841057.
ISNAD
Karabulut, Sinem - Karabulut, Müjdat. “The Impact of Phacoemulsification Surgery on Upper Eyelid Elevator Function”. Anatolian Current Medical Journal 8/2 (March 1, 2026): 301-304. https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1841057.
JAMA
1.Karabulut S, Karabulut M. The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function. Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj. 2026;8:301–304.
MLA
Karabulut, Sinem, and Müjdat Karabulut. “The Impact of Phacoemulsification Surgery on Upper Eyelid Elevator Function”. Anatolian Current Medical Journal, vol. 8, no. 2, Mar. 2026, pp. 301-4, doi:10.38053/acmj.1841057.
Vancouver
1.Sinem Karabulut, Müjdat Karabulut. The impact of phacoemulsification surgery on upper eyelid elevator function. Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj. 2026 Mar. 1;8(2):301-4. doi:10.38053/acmj.1841057

 

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