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The impact of body mass index on anxiety levels in patients presenting to the emergency department with dental pain: a comparative analysis using the state-trait anxiety inventory

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 6, 783 - 791, 26.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1762618

Öz

Aims: Dental pain frequently accounts for a significant proportion of visits to emergency departments (EDs). While the relationship between body-mass index (BMI) and anxiety has been examined in various contexts, the specific impact of BMI on anxiety associated with dental pain remains poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BMI on anxiety levels in patients presenting to the ED with dental pain, using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on patients presenting to the ED with dental pain complaints. Participants were categorized by BMI according to the World Health Organization classification system. Anxiety levels were assessed using the STAI, which consists of two distinct components: state anxiety (STAI-S), which evaluates situational anxiety, and trait anxiety (STAI-T), which measures baseline anxiety predisposition.
Results: A significant correlation was found between BMI and anxiety levels among patients experiencing dental pain. Higher BMI was associated with increased scores on both the STAI-S and STAI-T. Statistically significant differences were observed among various BMI categories, indicating that individuals classified as overweight or obese exhibit higher anxiety levels compared to those with a normal BMI. Multiple factors, including marital status, the presence of chronic illness, smoking, lower educational attainment, reduced income levels, and unemployment, were identified as significant contributors to elevated anxiety levels (p<0.05). Statistical analyses: To examine the relationship between BMI and anxiety levels, we used descriptive statistics, Independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. These methods allowed us to assess differences in anxiety across BMI categories and determine the strength of their associations. A p-value threshold of less than 0.05 was set to indicate statistical significance.
Conclusion: The results suggest that BMI may play a significant role in influencing anxiety levels among patients experiencing dental pain. Understanding the nuances of this relationship could enable healthcare professionals to provide more effective psychological support and develop targeted interventions tailored to specific BMI categories. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking BMI to anxiety associated with dental pain.

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was received from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the School of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, with protocol number 2025/132. All legal permissions for the conduct of the study were obtained from relevant institutions and organizations. In addition, consent to participate was obtained from the participants.

Teşekkür

All authors thank Assoc. Prof. Dr. Batuhan Bakırarar (PhD) for providing statistical assistance in the preparation of the manuscript. We extend our gratitude to all participants who contributed their time and effort to this study.

Kaynakça

  • Hocker MB, Villani JJ, Borawski JB, et al. Dental visits to a North Carolina emergency department: a painful problem. N C Med J. 2012; 73(5):346-351.
  • Lewis C, Lynch H, Johnston B. Dental complaints in emergency departments: a national perspective. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;42(1):93-99. doi:10.1067/mem.2003.234
  • Morganti KG, Bauhoff S, Blanchard JC, et al. The Evolving Role of Emergency Departments in the United States. Rand Health Q. 2013;3(2):3.
  • McCormick AP, Abubaker AO, Laskin DM, Gonzales MS, Garland S. Reducing the burden of dental patients on the busy hospital emergency department. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(3):475-478. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2012.08.023
  • Burt CW, Schappert SM. Ambulatory care visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments: United States, 1999--2000. Vital Health Stat 13. 2004;(157):1-70.
  • Burt CW, McCaig LF. Trends in hospital emergency department utilization: United States, 1992-99. Vital Health Stat 13. 2001;(150):1-34.
  • Jain AA, Yeluri R, Munshi AK. Measurement and assessment of pain in children--a review. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;37(2):125-136. doi:10.17796/jcpd.37.2.k84341490806t770
  • Sadock BJ SV. Kaplan &Sadock’s comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. 8th ed. (Ed H Aydın AB, ed.). Güneş Kitabevi; 2007.
  • Gaudry E, Vagg P, Spielberger CD. Validation of the state-trait distinction in anxiety research. Multivariate Behav Res. 1975;10(3):331-341. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr1003_6
  • Öner L LCA. Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. 2. ed. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi; 1998.
  • Altınbaş A, Kutanis D. Elektif cerrahi operasyon planlanan hastalarda preoperatif anksiyete düzeyinin vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi. Hitit Med J. 2023;5(1):31-37. doi:10.52827/hititmedj.1180857
  • Bullon P, Newman HN, Battino M. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and chronic periodontitis: a shared pathology via oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction? Periodontol 2000. 2014; 64(1):139-153. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00455.x
  • Acar T. Subjektif tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi. Turkish J Clin Lab. 2018;9(4):303-306. doi:10.18663/tjcl.413912
  • Ertekin H. Investigation of the relationship between eating attitude and body composition of patients with anxiety disorders. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2019;4(3):115-119. doi:10.22391/fppc.658240
  • Kazinczi C, Szepfalusi N, Nemeth VL, et al. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation and inhibitory control training on depression and anxiety among post-stroke individuals. BMC Neurol. 2025;25(1):38. doi:10.1186/s12883-025-04042-6
  • Department US, Services of H and H. U.S. Public health service, office of the surgeon general, national institute of dental and craniofacial research. Oral health in America: a report of the surgeon general; 2000.
  • Lewis CW, McKinney CM, Lee HH, Melbye ML, Rue TC. Visits to US emergency departments by 20- to 29-year-olds with toothache during 2001-2010. J Am Dent Assoc. 2015;146(5):295-302.e2. doi:10.1016/j.adaj. 2015.01.013
  • Bakanlığı S. Diş hekimliğinde sağlık uygulama tebliği. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=39749&MevzuatTur=7& MevzuatTertip=5
  • İzleme Değerlendirme Daire Başkanlığı. Yö. https://acilafet.saglik.gov.tr/TR-4462/izleme-degerlendirme-daire-baskanligi.html
  • Wise J. Helsinki Declaration: rights of study participants are put at the heart of latest update. BMJ. 2024;387:q2357. doi:10.1136/bmj.q2357
  • Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160. doi:10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
  • Olszewska-Czyz I, Sozkes S. Anxiety levels among Polish and Turkish dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare. 2022;10(2):357. doi:10.3390/healthcare10020357
  • Skapinakis P. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In: Michalos A, ed. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer; 2014. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-52825
  • Ayaz A, Bilgin NMN. Dental anksiyetede durumluk ve sürekli kaygı ölçeğinin kullanımı. ADO Klin Bilim Derg. 2017;8(2):1553-1560.
  • Weir CB, Jan A. BMI Classification Percentile And Cut Off Points; 2025.
  • Al-Zaben FN, Sehlo MG, Koenig HG. A cross-sectional study of anxiety and marital quality among women with breast cancer at a university clinic in western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2015;36(10):1168-1175. doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.10.12254
  • Stepowicz A, Wencka B, Bieńkiewicz J, Horzelski W, Grzesiak M. Stress and anxiety levels in pregnant and post-partum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):9450. doi:10.3390/ijerph17249450
  • Aggelopoulou Z, Fotos NV, Chatziefstratiou AA, Giakoumidakis K, Elefsiniotis I, Brokalaki H. The level of anxiety, depression and quality of life among patients with heart failure in Greece. Appl Nurs Res. 2017; 34:52-56. doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2017.01.003
  • Thoits PA. Multiple identities: examining gender and marital status differences in distress. Am Sociol Rev. 1986;51(2):259. doi:10.2307/ 2095520
  • Turner MJ, Evans AL, Fortune G, Chadha NJ. “I must make the grade!”: the role of cognitive appraisals, irrational beliefs, exam anxiety, and affect, in the academic self-concept of undergraduate students. Anxiety, Stress Coping. 2024;37(6):721-744. doi:10.1080/10615806.2024.2360732
  • Nyer M, Farabaugh A, Fehling K, et al. Relationship between sleep disturbance and depression, anxiety, and functioning in college students. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30(9):873-880. doi:10.1002/da.22064
  • Macauley K, Plummer L, Bemis C, Brock G, Larson C, Spangler J. Prevalence and predictors of anxiety in healthcare professions students. Heal Prof Educ. 2018;4(3):176-185. doi:10.1016/j.hpe.2018.01.001
  • Vardar Yağli N, İnal İnce D, Sağlam MÇ. Kütükçü E, Arikan H. Determinants of anxiety and depression level in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Türk Fiz ve Rehabil Dergisi/Turkish J Physiother Rehabil. 2015;26(1):6. doi:10.7603/s40680-015-0006-4
  • Uysal Z, Aslan H. Hipertansiyon hastalarının özellikleri ile sürekli kaygı ve baş etme becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Derg. 2018;9(34):68-80. doi:10.17944/mkutfd.481119
  • Atabek MS. Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliğine başvuran anksiyete ve/veya depresyon skalaları yüksek çocuk ve ergenlerdeki komorbidite. 2002.
  • Tselebis A, Panaghiotou A, Theotoka I, Ilias I. Nursing staff anxiety versus smoking habits. Int J Nurs Pract. 2001;7(3):221-223. doi:10.1046/j. 1440-172X.2001.00303.x
  • Johnson KA, Stewart S, Rosenfield D, Steeves D, Zvolensky MJ. Prospective evaluation of the effects of anxiety sensitivity and state anxiety in predicting acute nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation. Psychol Addict Behav. 2012;26(2):289-297. doi:10. 1037/a0024133
  • Özdaş MS, Mıdık Özpak A, Fidancı İ, et al. The effect of smoking dependence level on patients ’anxiety levels of COPD patients. J Contemp Med. 2020;10(3):354-358. doi:10.16899/jcm.743829
  • Xu X, Xia M, Pang W. Family socioeconomic status and Chinese high school students’ test anxiety: serial mediating role of parental psychological control, learning resources, and student academic self‐efficacy. Scand J Psychol. 2021;62(5):689-698. doi:10.1111/sjop.12750
  • Oğuztürk Ö, Bülbül SH, Özen NE, et al. State and trait anxiety levels of adolescents in a changing society, Kirikkale City, Turkey. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2012;19(2):235-241. doi:10.1007/s10880-011-9276-x
  • Potvin O, Bergua V, Meillon C, et al. Norms and associated factors of the STAI-Y State anxiety inventory in older adults: results from the PAQUID study. Int Psychogeriatrics. 2011;23(6):869-879. doi:10.1017/S1041610210002358
  • Şahan E, Tangılntız A. State and trait anxiety among medical staff during the first month of COVID-19 pandemic: a sample from Turkey. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2022;57(4):338-356. doi:10.1177/00912174211042698
  • Karaca Y, Gülsoy A, Özer V, et al. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress, state and trait anxiety and work-related strain in healthcare professionals. Bezmialem Sci. 2022;10(5):578-586. doi:10.14235/bas.galenos.2021.6506
  • Muschalla B, Linden M, Olbrich D. The relationship between job-anxiety and trait-anxiety—a differential diagnostic investigation with the Job-Anxiety-Scale and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory. J Anxiety Disord. 2010;24(3):366-371. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.001
  • Cohen LA, Bonito AJ, Akin DR, et al. Toothache pain: behavioral impact and self‐care strategies. Spec Care Dent. 2009;29(2):85-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2008.00068.x
  • Cohen LA, Harris SL, Bonito AJ, et al. Coping with toothache pain: a qualitative study of low‐income persons and minorities. J Public Health Dent. 2007;67(1):28-35. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00005.x

Vücut kitle indeksinin, diş ağrısı ile acil servise başvuran hastalarda anksiyete düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi: durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri kullanılarak karşılaştırmalı bir analiz

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 6, 783 - 791, 26.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1762618

Öz

Giriş / Amaç: Diş ağrısı, acil servis başvurularının önemli bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Vücut kitle indeksi (VKI) ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişki farklı bağlamlarda incelenmiş olsa da, VKI’nin diş ağrısına bağlı anksiyete üzerindeki özgül etkisi yeterince anlaşılamamıştır. Bu çalışma, diş ağrısı şikâyetiyle acil servise başvuran hastalarda VKI’nin anksiyete düzeylerine etkisini, Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) kullanarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel bir analiz, diş ağrısı şikâyetiyle acil servise başvuran hastalar üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün VKI sınıflandırma sistemine göre kategorilere ayrılmıştır. Anksiyete düzeyleri, iki bileşenden oluşan Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular / Sonuçlar: Diş ağrısı yaşayan hastalarda VKI ile anksiyete düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. Yüksek VKI, hem STAI-S hem de STAI-T puanlarının artışı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. VKI kategorileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmış olup, fazla kilolu veya obez olarak sınıflandırılan bireylerin, normal VKI’ye sahip olanlara kıyasla daha yüksek anksiyete düzeyine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Medeni durum, kronik hastalık varlığı, sigara kullanımı, düşük eğitim düzeyi, düşük gelir seviyesi ve işsizlik gibi çok sayıda faktörün artmış anksiyete düzeyleriyle anlamlı şekilde ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p < 0,05).
İstatistiksel Analiz: VKI ile anksiyete düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemler, VKI kategorileri arasındaki anksiyete farklılıklarını değerlendirmeyi ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin gücünü belirlemeyi sağlamıştır. p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bulgular, VKI’nin diş ağrısı yaşayan hastalarda anksiyete düzeylerini etkilemede önemli bir rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu ilişkinin ayrıntılarını anlamak, sağlık profesyonellerinin psikolojik desteği daha etkili sunmalarına ve belirli VKI kategorilerine yönelik hedeflenmiş müdahaleler geliştirmelerine katkı sağlayabilir. VKI ile diş ağrısına bağlı anksiyete arasındaki mekanizmaların açıklığa kavuşturulması için ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Kaynakça

  • Hocker MB, Villani JJ, Borawski JB, et al. Dental visits to a North Carolina emergency department: a painful problem. N C Med J. 2012; 73(5):346-351.
  • Lewis C, Lynch H, Johnston B. Dental complaints in emergency departments: a national perspective. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;42(1):93-99. doi:10.1067/mem.2003.234
  • Morganti KG, Bauhoff S, Blanchard JC, et al. The Evolving Role of Emergency Departments in the United States. Rand Health Q. 2013;3(2):3.
  • McCormick AP, Abubaker AO, Laskin DM, Gonzales MS, Garland S. Reducing the burden of dental patients on the busy hospital emergency department. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(3):475-478. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2012.08.023
  • Burt CW, Schappert SM. Ambulatory care visits to physician offices, hospital outpatient departments, and emergency departments: United States, 1999--2000. Vital Health Stat 13. 2004;(157):1-70.
  • Burt CW, McCaig LF. Trends in hospital emergency department utilization: United States, 1992-99. Vital Health Stat 13. 2001;(150):1-34.
  • Jain AA, Yeluri R, Munshi AK. Measurement and assessment of pain in children--a review. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;37(2):125-136. doi:10.17796/jcpd.37.2.k84341490806t770
  • Sadock BJ SV. Kaplan &Sadock’s comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. 8th ed. (Ed H Aydın AB, ed.). Güneş Kitabevi; 2007.
  • Gaudry E, Vagg P, Spielberger CD. Validation of the state-trait distinction in anxiety research. Multivariate Behav Res. 1975;10(3):331-341. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr1003_6
  • Öner L LCA. Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. 2. ed. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi; 1998.
  • Altınbaş A, Kutanis D. Elektif cerrahi operasyon planlanan hastalarda preoperatif anksiyete düzeyinin vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi. Hitit Med J. 2023;5(1):31-37. doi:10.52827/hititmedj.1180857
  • Bullon P, Newman HN, Battino M. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and chronic periodontitis: a shared pathology via oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction? Periodontol 2000. 2014; 64(1):139-153. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00455.x
  • Acar T. Subjektif tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi. Turkish J Clin Lab. 2018;9(4):303-306. doi:10.18663/tjcl.413912
  • Ertekin H. Investigation of the relationship between eating attitude and body composition of patients with anxiety disorders. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2019;4(3):115-119. doi:10.22391/fppc.658240
  • Kazinczi C, Szepfalusi N, Nemeth VL, et al. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation and inhibitory control training on depression and anxiety among post-stroke individuals. BMC Neurol. 2025;25(1):38. doi:10.1186/s12883-025-04042-6
  • Department US, Services of H and H. U.S. Public health service, office of the surgeon general, national institute of dental and craniofacial research. Oral health in America: a report of the surgeon general; 2000.
  • Lewis CW, McKinney CM, Lee HH, Melbye ML, Rue TC. Visits to US emergency departments by 20- to 29-year-olds with toothache during 2001-2010. J Am Dent Assoc. 2015;146(5):295-302.e2. doi:10.1016/j.adaj. 2015.01.013
  • Bakanlığı S. Diş hekimliğinde sağlık uygulama tebliği. https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=39749&MevzuatTur=7& MevzuatTertip=5
  • İzleme Değerlendirme Daire Başkanlığı. Yö. https://acilafet.saglik.gov.tr/TR-4462/izleme-degerlendirme-daire-baskanligi.html
  • Wise J. Helsinki Declaration: rights of study participants are put at the heart of latest update. BMJ. 2024;387:q2357. doi:10.1136/bmj.q2357
  • Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160. doi:10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
  • Olszewska-Czyz I, Sozkes S. Anxiety levels among Polish and Turkish dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare. 2022;10(2):357. doi:10.3390/healthcare10020357
  • Skapinakis P. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In: Michalos A, ed. Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer; 2014. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-52825
  • Ayaz A, Bilgin NMN. Dental anksiyetede durumluk ve sürekli kaygı ölçeğinin kullanımı. ADO Klin Bilim Derg. 2017;8(2):1553-1560.
  • Weir CB, Jan A. BMI Classification Percentile And Cut Off Points; 2025.
  • Al-Zaben FN, Sehlo MG, Koenig HG. A cross-sectional study of anxiety and marital quality among women with breast cancer at a university clinic in western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2015;36(10):1168-1175. doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.10.12254
  • Stepowicz A, Wencka B, Bieńkiewicz J, Horzelski W, Grzesiak M. Stress and anxiety levels in pregnant and post-partum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(24):9450. doi:10.3390/ijerph17249450
  • Aggelopoulou Z, Fotos NV, Chatziefstratiou AA, Giakoumidakis K, Elefsiniotis I, Brokalaki H. The level of anxiety, depression and quality of life among patients with heart failure in Greece. Appl Nurs Res. 2017; 34:52-56. doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2017.01.003
  • Thoits PA. Multiple identities: examining gender and marital status differences in distress. Am Sociol Rev. 1986;51(2):259. doi:10.2307/ 2095520
  • Turner MJ, Evans AL, Fortune G, Chadha NJ. “I must make the grade!”: the role of cognitive appraisals, irrational beliefs, exam anxiety, and affect, in the academic self-concept of undergraduate students. Anxiety, Stress Coping. 2024;37(6):721-744. doi:10.1080/10615806.2024.2360732
  • Nyer M, Farabaugh A, Fehling K, et al. Relationship between sleep disturbance and depression, anxiety, and functioning in college students. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30(9):873-880. doi:10.1002/da.22064
  • Macauley K, Plummer L, Bemis C, Brock G, Larson C, Spangler J. Prevalence and predictors of anxiety in healthcare professions students. Heal Prof Educ. 2018;4(3):176-185. doi:10.1016/j.hpe.2018.01.001
  • Vardar Yağli N, İnal İnce D, Sağlam MÇ. Kütükçü E, Arikan H. Determinants of anxiety and depression level in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Türk Fiz ve Rehabil Dergisi/Turkish J Physiother Rehabil. 2015;26(1):6. doi:10.7603/s40680-015-0006-4
  • Uysal Z, Aslan H. Hipertansiyon hastalarının özellikleri ile sürekli kaygı ve baş etme becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Derg. 2018;9(34):68-80. doi:10.17944/mkutfd.481119
  • Atabek MS. Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliğine başvuran anksiyete ve/veya depresyon skalaları yüksek çocuk ve ergenlerdeki komorbidite. 2002.
  • Tselebis A, Panaghiotou A, Theotoka I, Ilias I. Nursing staff anxiety versus smoking habits. Int J Nurs Pract. 2001;7(3):221-223. doi:10.1046/j. 1440-172X.2001.00303.x
  • Johnson KA, Stewart S, Rosenfield D, Steeves D, Zvolensky MJ. Prospective evaluation of the effects of anxiety sensitivity and state anxiety in predicting acute nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation. Psychol Addict Behav. 2012;26(2):289-297. doi:10. 1037/a0024133
  • Özdaş MS, Mıdık Özpak A, Fidancı İ, et al. The effect of smoking dependence level on patients ’anxiety levels of COPD patients. J Contemp Med. 2020;10(3):354-358. doi:10.16899/jcm.743829
  • Xu X, Xia M, Pang W. Family socioeconomic status and Chinese high school students’ test anxiety: serial mediating role of parental psychological control, learning resources, and student academic self‐efficacy. Scand J Psychol. 2021;62(5):689-698. doi:10.1111/sjop.12750
  • Oğuztürk Ö, Bülbül SH, Özen NE, et al. State and trait anxiety levels of adolescents in a changing society, Kirikkale City, Turkey. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2012;19(2):235-241. doi:10.1007/s10880-011-9276-x
  • Potvin O, Bergua V, Meillon C, et al. Norms and associated factors of the STAI-Y State anxiety inventory in older adults: results from the PAQUID study. Int Psychogeriatrics. 2011;23(6):869-879. doi:10.1017/S1041610210002358
  • Şahan E, Tangılntız A. State and trait anxiety among medical staff during the first month of COVID-19 pandemic: a sample from Turkey. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2022;57(4):338-356. doi:10.1177/00912174211042698
  • Karaca Y, Gülsoy A, Özer V, et al. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress, state and trait anxiety and work-related strain in healthcare professionals. Bezmialem Sci. 2022;10(5):578-586. doi:10.14235/bas.galenos.2021.6506
  • Muschalla B, Linden M, Olbrich D. The relationship between job-anxiety and trait-anxiety—a differential diagnostic investigation with the Job-Anxiety-Scale and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory. J Anxiety Disord. 2010;24(3):366-371. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.001
  • Cohen LA, Bonito AJ, Akin DR, et al. Toothache pain: behavioral impact and self‐care strategies. Spec Care Dent. 2009;29(2):85-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2008.00068.x
  • Cohen LA, Harris SL, Bonito AJ, et al. Coping with toothache pain: a qualitative study of low‐income persons and minorities. J Public Health Dent. 2007;67(1):28-35. doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00005.x
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Toplum Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı, Acil Tıp
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Özge Doğan 0000-0001-6996-6696

Suat Serhan Altıntepe Doğan 0000-0003-0215-7864

Özgür Doğan 0000-0002-5793-175X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 24 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

AMA Doğan Ö, Altıntepe Doğan SS, Doğan Ö. The impact of body mass index on anxiety levels in patients presenting to the emergency department with dental pain: a comparative analysis using the state-trait anxiety inventory. Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj. Ekim 2025;7(6):783-791. doi:10.38053/acmj.1762618

Üniversitelerarası Kurul (ÜAK) Eşdeğerliği: Ulakbim TR Dizin'de olan dergilerde yayımlanan makale [10 PUAN] ve 1a, b, c hariç uluslararası indekslerde (1d) olan dergilerde yayımlanan makale [5 PUAN]

-  Dahil olduğumuz İndeksler (Dizinler) ve Platformlar sayfanın en altındadır.

Not: Dergimiz WOS indeksli değildir ve bu nedenle Q olarak sınıflandırılmamaktadır.

Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu (YÖK) kriterlerine göre yağmacı/şüpheli dergiler hakkındaki kararları ile yazar aydınlatma metni ve dergi ücretlendirme politikasını tarayıcınızdan indirebilirsiniz. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/3449/page/10809/update 

Dergi Dizin ve Platformları

TR Dizin ULAKBİM, Google Scholar, Crossref, Worldcat (OCLC), DRJI, EuroPub, OpenAIRE, Turkiye Citation Index, Turk Medline, ROAD, ICI World of Journal's, Index Copernicus, ASOS Index, General Impact Factor, Scilit.