Tekrarlayan Pentylenetetrazole Konvulsiyonlarında Nöbet Şekli ve Şiddetinde Görülen Değişikler
Yıl 1997,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 9 - 11, 30.04.1997
Nurbay Ateş
,
Deniz Öztürk
Gül İlbay
Öz
Çalışmamızda tekrarlanan Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) uygulamalarıyla oluşan konvulsif nöbetlerin süre ve şekilleri ve santral sinir sisteminin PTZ’e duyarlılığında değişiklik olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Gün aşırı i.p olarak toplam beş kez 55 mg/kg dozunda PTZ uygulandı ve otuz dakik boyunca epileptik nöbet aktivitesi gözlendi. Kontrol grubuna ise aynı miktarda %0.9 NaCl enjekte edildi. 55 mg/kg PTZ tüm hayvanlarda jeneralize tonik-klonik nöbetlere yol açtı. Toplam nöbet süresi ilk nöbete göre 3. Enjeksiyondan sonra anlamlı olarak azalmış, 5. Enjeksiyondan sonra ise anlamlı olarak artmış bulundu. Tekrarlanan enjeksiyonlar sonucu nöbet karakteristiklerinde önemli değişiklikler gözlendi. Sonuçlarımız tekrarlanan PTZ enjeksiyonlarına bağlı konvulsiyonlarda hem nöbet şiddetinde hem de süresinde önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum konvulsan ajanın eksitatör etkisine karşı beyindeki inhibitör sistemlerin aktive olmasına bağlı olarak nöbet komponentlerinde gözlenen değişikliklerin ortaya çıkabileceğini ve tekrarlayan konvulsiyonların bazı beyin bölgelerinde uyarılma eşiğinde değişikliklere yol açabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Kaynakça
- Fisher RS. Animal models of the epilepsies. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1989;14(3):245-278.
- Mares P, Schickerová R. Seizures elicited by subcutaneous injection of metrazol during ontogenesis in rats. Act Nerv Super (Praha). 1980;22(4):264-268.
- Mares P, Mirvaldová H, Bĕlská M. Influence of a new antiepileptic drug ORG 6370 on metrazol-induced seizures in rats during ontogenesis. Physiol Bohemoslov. 1990;39(3):199-205.
- Velísková J, Velísek L, Moshé SL. Age-specific effects of baclofen on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in developing rats. Epilepsia. 1996;37(8):718-722. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00641.x
- Goldman H, Berman RF, Hazlett J, Murphy S. Cerebrovascular responses to pentylenetetrazol: time and dose dependent effects. Epilepsy Res. 1992;12(3):227-242. doi:10.1016/0920-1211(92)90077-7
- McCaughran JA Jr, Manetto C. Changes in the convulsive threshold in the developing rat following chronic administration of pentylenetetrazol. Epilepsia. 1982;23(6):619-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1982.tb05077.x
- Miller JW, McKeon AC, Ferrendelli JA. Functional anatomy of pentylenetetrazol and electroshock seizures in the rat brainstem. Ann Neurol. 1987;22(5):615-621. doi: 10.1002/ana.410220510
- Brabcová R, Kubová H, Velísek L, Mares P. Effects of a benzodiazepine, bretazenil (Ro 16-6028), on rhythmic metrazol EEG activity: comparison with standard anticonvulsants. Epilepsia. 1993;34(6):1135-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02146.x
- Sierra-Paredes G, Soto-Otero R, Mendez-Alvarez E, et al. Experimental spike-and-wave discharges induced by pentylenetetrazol and tolerance to repeated injections: an electrophysiological and biochemical study. Epilepsy Res. 1989;4(2):139-146. doi: 10.1016/0920-1211(89)90018-1
- Hantraye P, Brouillet E, Guibert B, Chavoix C, Fukuda H, Prenant C, Crouzel M, Naquet R, Maziere M. Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure is not mediated by benzodiazepine receptors in vivo. Neuropharmacology. 1987;26(10):1509-1512. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(87)90171-7
- Lewin E, Bleck V. Electroshock seizures in mice: effect on brain adenosine and its metabolites. Epilepsia. 1981;22(5):577-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1981.tb04129.x
The Changes in the Seizure Pattern and Intensity During the Course of Repeated Pentylenetetrazole Induced Convulsions
Yıl 1997,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 9 - 11, 30.04.1997
Nurbay Ateş
,
Deniz Öztürk
Gül İlbay
Öz
In this study, we investigated the effects of repeated PTZ administration on convulsion time, convulsion pattern and also the changes in the sensitivity od central nervous system to PTZ. Following the alternate day administration of 55 mg/kg PTZ five times, epileptic seizures activity has been observed for 30 min. All PTZ injections resulted with generalized tonic-clonic convulsions but after the repeated injections the components of epileptic seizures have been changed obviously. The convulsion time has found to be decreased after 3. İnjection and in contrary increased after 5. İnjection significantly. Our results show that, repeated PTZ injections result important differences in the intensity and the duration of epileptic seizures. This can be attributed to the motivation of the neural inhibitory systems and different activation level of brain structures.
Kaynakça
- Fisher RS. Animal models of the epilepsies. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1989;14(3):245-278.
- Mares P, Schickerová R. Seizures elicited by subcutaneous injection of metrazol during ontogenesis in rats. Act Nerv Super (Praha). 1980;22(4):264-268.
- Mares P, Mirvaldová H, Bĕlská M. Influence of a new antiepileptic drug ORG 6370 on metrazol-induced seizures in rats during ontogenesis. Physiol Bohemoslov. 1990;39(3):199-205.
- Velísková J, Velísek L, Moshé SL. Age-specific effects of baclofen on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in developing rats. Epilepsia. 1996;37(8):718-722. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00641.x
- Goldman H, Berman RF, Hazlett J, Murphy S. Cerebrovascular responses to pentylenetetrazol: time and dose dependent effects. Epilepsy Res. 1992;12(3):227-242. doi:10.1016/0920-1211(92)90077-7
- McCaughran JA Jr, Manetto C. Changes in the convulsive threshold in the developing rat following chronic administration of pentylenetetrazol. Epilepsia. 1982;23(6):619-627. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1982.tb05077.x
- Miller JW, McKeon AC, Ferrendelli JA. Functional anatomy of pentylenetetrazol and electroshock seizures in the rat brainstem. Ann Neurol. 1987;22(5):615-621. doi: 10.1002/ana.410220510
- Brabcová R, Kubová H, Velísek L, Mares P. Effects of a benzodiazepine, bretazenil (Ro 16-6028), on rhythmic metrazol EEG activity: comparison with standard anticonvulsants. Epilepsia. 1993;34(6):1135-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02146.x
- Sierra-Paredes G, Soto-Otero R, Mendez-Alvarez E, et al. Experimental spike-and-wave discharges induced by pentylenetetrazol and tolerance to repeated injections: an electrophysiological and biochemical study. Epilepsy Res. 1989;4(2):139-146. doi: 10.1016/0920-1211(89)90018-1
- Hantraye P, Brouillet E, Guibert B, Chavoix C, Fukuda H, Prenant C, Crouzel M, Naquet R, Maziere M. Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure is not mediated by benzodiazepine receptors in vivo. Neuropharmacology. 1987;26(10):1509-1512. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(87)90171-7
- Lewin E, Bleck V. Electroshock seizures in mice: effect on brain adenosine and its metabolites. Epilepsia. 1981;22(5):577-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1981.tb04129.x