The use of Phages for Fish Disease Control

Abstract

It has become increasingly difficult or sometimes impossible to combat bacterial diseases that were previously easily treated due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial fish pathogens. There is therefore an urgent need for more research and the development of eco-friendlier alternatives to antibiotics. One very promising option is the preventive or therapeutic use of strain-specific bacteriophages that target problematic bacterial fish pathogens. In this article, the studies on bacteriophages isolated against bacterial disease agents in aquaculture, especially in our country, have been reviewed. As a result, when we look at the aquaculture sector in our country, detailed studies on phages are needed. To take full advantage of the phage strategy, phage therapy candidates must be carefully selected and characterized in detail to ensure that they are safe to use. One main conclusion is that there is a need for more basic research related to the use of phages in the aquaculture sector of our country. So far, most of the phage studies have been carried out in vitro, and more detailed in vivo studies are needed before the phages can be used in the field.

Keywords

• bacteriophage therapy
• fish health
• bacterial fish diseases
• aquaculture
• eco-friendly

Fajların Balık Hastalıklarının Kontrolünde Kullanımı

Öz

Kültür balıkçılığında antibiyotik direncin ortaya çıkması sonucu, daha önce kolaylıkla tedavi edilen hastalıklar ile mücadele gittikçe zorlaşmış hatta imkânsız hale gelmiştir. Acil çevreyle dost alternatif yöntemlerin araştırılması ve geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Olası seçeneklerden biri, sorunlu bakteriyel balık patojenlerini hedef alan suşa özgü bakteriyofajların profilaktik veya terapötik kullanımıdır. Yapılmış olan bu çalışmada su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde özellikle ülkemizde görülen bakteriyel hastalık etkenlerine karşı izole edilen bakteriyofajlar ile ilgili bugüne kadar yapılmış araştırmalar derlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak ülkemiz akuakültür sektörü açısından baktığımızda fajlar ile ilgili detaylı çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Faj terapisi stratejisinden tam olarak yararlanabilmek için faj adaylarının dikkatle seçilmesi ve izole edilmiş fajların kullanımlarının güvenli olduğundan emin olmak için ayrıntılı bir şekilde karakterize edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bugüne kadar yapılmış faj çalışmalarının çoğu in vitro koşullarda yapılmıştır ve sahada kullanıma geçmeden önce daha detaylı in vivo çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bakteriyofaj terapi
• balık sağlığı
• bakteriyel balık hastalıkları
• akuakültür
• çevreyle dost

Kaynakça

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