Marmara Denizi'nde Solea solea' nın (Linnaeus, 1758) Yaş, Büyüme ve Üreme Özellikleri

Öz

Bu çalışmada Dil Balığı, Solea solea türünün Marmara Denizi’ndeki boy-ağırlık ilişkisi, yaş, büyüme ve ölüm parametreleri ve üreme biyolojisi ele alınmıştır. Örneklemeler 34 istasyondan Mart 2017 ile Aralık 2018 arasında dip trolü ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W=0,0082×TL3.01 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bireyler 1 ile 5 yaş aralığında dağılım göstermiştir. Von Bertalanffy büyüme parametreleri L∞=34,.56 cm, K=0,48 y-1, and t0=-0,01 y şeklinde hesaplanmıştır. İlk eşeysel olgunluk boyu 21.9 cm TL tespit edilmiştir. Eylül’den Nisan’a kadar geniş bir üreme periyodu tespit edilmiştir. Doğal ölüm oranı (M), toplam ölüm oranı (Z), balıkçılık ölümü (F) ve sömürülme oranı sırasıyla 0,79, 2,4, 1,61 ve 0,67 olarak belirlenmiştir. Biyolojik referans noktaları sırasıyla Fopt=0,395; Flim=0.53 ve Eopt=0,333 olarak hesaplanmıştır. En yüksek ürünün elde edilebileceği en uygun boy (Lopt) 22,3 cm TL bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar Dil Balığı’nın Marmara Denizi’nde aşırı avcılık etkisinde olduğunu göstermektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dil Balığı
• Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi
• Populasyon Parametreleri
• Eşeysel olgunluk
• Aşırı av baskısı

Age, Growth, and Reproduction of Common Sole, Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey

Öz

This study revealed the length-weight relationship, age, growth and mortality parameters, and reproductive biology of the common sole, Solea solea in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Samplings were conducted with bottom trawl between March 2017 and December 2018 at 34 stations. The length-weight relationship was calculated as W=0.0082×TL3.01. Ages were ranged between 1 and 5 years. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were calculated as L∞=34.56 cm, K=0.48 y-1, and t0=-0.01 y. The size at first maturity was 21.9 cm TL. The extended reproduction period was observed (from September to April). The rates of natural mortality (M), total mortality (Z), fishing mortality (F), and exploitation rate (E) were calculated to be 0.79, 2.4, 1.61, and 0.67, respectively. The biological reference points were calculated as Fopt=0.395; Flim=0.53 and Eopt=0.333, respectively. The length where the maximum yield can be obtained (Lopt) was found as 22.3 cm TL. The results showed that S.solea is under the influence of excessive fishing pressure in the Sea of Marmara.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Common sole
• Length-weight relationship
• Population parameters
• Sexual maturity
• Excessive fishing pressure

Kaynakça

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