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Current Status, Management, and Future Prospects of Whiting (Merlangius merlangus) in the Sea of Marmara

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 314 - 331, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1059877

Öz

The current status of whiting (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) populations in the Sea of Marmara (Turkey) was evaluated by estimating growth and mortality rates in this study. The overall sex ratio (M:F) was calculated as 1:1.36. b value of LWR computed as 2.8904 for both sex groups, and M. merlangus showed a negative allometric growth type by Pauly's t-test result. The age of individuals in the population ranged from I to VI. The growth parameters were estimated as L∞ = 35.74 cm, k = 0.124 yr-1, and t0 = -1.338 years for all individuals. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) rates were calculated as 1.35 yr-1, 0.34 yr-1, and 1.01 yr-1, respectively. The Phi-prime growth index (φ′) and exploitation rate (E) of the population were calculated as 2.20 and 0.75 yr-1. According to the results, it is obvious that the whiting stocks in the Marmara Sea are currently used at a high capacity (E = 0.75 yr-1). The impact of over-fishing can have increasingly detrimental effects on the overall population size of this population. Fisheries management practices in the Marmara Sea should be regulated by taking into account the ecosystem change, fishing fleet, and unreported catch data. In addition, temporal or spatial fishing bans can be applied by increasing the selectivity of fishing gear.

Kaynakça

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  • Akşıray, F. (1987). Turkey marine fish and identification keys. Istanbul University Publications.
  • Aksu, H. (2020). Estimation of some growth parameters using length frequency data of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Nordmann 1840), by trawl fishing in Black Sea (Sinop, Turkey). Journal of New Results in Science, 9, 39-45.
  • Aslan İhsanoğlu, M., & İşmen, A. (2020). Biodiversity of the Sea of Marmara and catch amount of the deep-water rose shrimp. Aquatic Research, 3, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR20008
  • Atasoy, G.E., Erdem, Ü., Cebeci, M., & Yerli, B. (2006). Some biological characteristics of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 23, 33-37.
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  • Bal, H. (2021). Length-weight relationship, sex ratio and condition factor of Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10, 99-105. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.832250
  • Balık, İ., & Öztaş, M. (2019). Comparison of length-weight relationships for whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) caught from three different areas of the south-eastern Black Sea. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36, 57-63. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.07
  • Bilgin, S., Bal, H., & Taşcı, B. (2012). Length based growth estimates and reproduction biology of whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordman, 1840) in the Southeast Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 871-881. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v12_4_15
  • Bok, T.D., Göktürk, D., Kahraman, A.E., Alıçlı, T.Z., Acun, T., & Ateş, C. (2011). Length-weight relationships of 34 fish species from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10, 3037-3042. https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2011.3037.3042
  • Brosset, P., Ménard, F., Fromentin, J.M., Bonhommeau, S., Ulses, C., Bourdeix, J., Jean-Louis, B., Elisabeth, V.B., David, R., & Claire, S. (2015). Influence of environmental variability and age on the body condition of small pelagic fish in the Gulf of Lions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 529, 219-231. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11275
  • BSGM, (2020). Communique on regulation of commercial fishery. General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Number: 2020/20).
  • Campana, S.E. (2001). Accuracy, precision and quality control in age determination, including a review of the use and abuse of age validation methods. Journal of Fish Biology, 59, 197-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00127.x
  • Campana, S.E., & Thorrold, S.R. (2001). Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58, 30-38. https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-177
  • Chapman, D.G., & Robson, D.S. (1960). The analysis of a catch curve. Biometrics, 16, 354-368.
  • Chassot, E., Mélin, F., Le Pape, O., & Gascuel, D. (2007). Bottom-up control regulates fisheries production at the scale of eco-regions in European seas. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 343, 45-55. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps06919
  • Conover, D.O., & Van Voorhees, D. (1990). Evolution of a balanced sex ratio by frequency-dependent selection in a fish. Science, 250, 1556-1558. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.250.4987.1556
  • Çalık, S., & Erdoğan Sağlam, N. (2017). Length-weight relationships of demersal fish species caught by bottom trawl from Eastern Black Sea (Turkey). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 58, 485-490. https://doi.org/10.21411/CBM.A.AA0D91E6
  • Çiloğlu, E., Şahin, C., Zengin, M., & Genç, Y. (2001). Determination of some population parameters and reproduction period of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) on the Trabzon-Yomra coast in the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 25, 831-837.
  • Daban, İ.B., Arslan İhsanoğlu, M., İşmen, A., & İnceoğlu, H. (2020). Length-weight relationships of 17 teleost fishes in the Marmara Sea, Turkey. KSU Journal of Aquaculture and Nature, 23, 1245-1256. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.682467
  • Demirel, N., & Murat Dalkara, E. (2012). Weight-length relationships of 28 fish species in the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 36, 785-791. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1111-29
  • Düzgüneş, E., & Karaçam, H. (1990). Some population parameters, meat yield and bio-chemical composition of whiting (Gadus euxinus Nord., 1840) in the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 14, 345-352.
  • Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., & Gürbüz, F. (1983). Statistical methods I. Ankara University Agriculture Faculty Press.
  • Erdoğan Sağlam, N., & Sağlam, C. (2012). Population parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus L., 1758) in the South-Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 831-839. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v12_4_11
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Marmara Denizi'ndeki Mezgit Balığının (Merlangius merlangus) Mevcut Durumu, Yönetimi ve Geleceğe Yönelik Çıkarımlar

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 314 - 331, 01.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1059877

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Marmara Denizi'ndeki (Türkiye) mezgit (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) popülasyonunun büyüme ve ölüm oranları tahmin edilerek mevcut durumu değerlendirilmektedir. Cinsiyet oranı (E:D) 1:1,36 olarak hesaplanmıştır. LWR b değeri her iki cinsiyet için 2,8904 olarak hesaplandı ve Pauly's t-testi sonuçlarına göre mezgit popülasyonu negatif allometrik büyüme gösterdi. Popülasyondaki bireylerin yaşları I ile VI arasında değişim göstermiştir. Büyüme parametreleri, tüm bireyler için L∞ = 35,74 cm, k = 0,124 yıl-1, and t0 = -1,338 yıl olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Toplam ölüm (Z), doğal ölüm (M) ve balıkçılık ölüm (F) oranları sırasıyla 1,35 yıl-1, 0,34 yıl-1 and 1,01 yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Popülasyonun Phi-prime büyüme indeksi (φ′) ve sömürü oranı (E) 2,20 ve 0,75 yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre Marmara Denizi'ndeki mezgit stoklarının şu anda yüksek kapasitede kullanıldığı aşikardır (E = 0,75). Aşırı avlanmanın etkisi, genel popülasyon büyüklüğü üzerinde giderek daha fazla zararlı etkiye sebep olabilir. Marmara Denizi'ndeki ekosistem değişimi, balıkçı filosu ve rapor edilmemiş av verileri dikkate alınarak balıkçılık yönetimi uygulamaları düzenlenmelidir. Av araçlarının seçiciliği artırılarak zamansal veya mekânsal avlanma yasakları uygulanabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Akoğlu, E. (2021). Exploring the dynamics of small pelagic fish catches in the Marmara Sea in relation to changing environmental and bio-optical parameters. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 45, 257-265. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-2012-23
  • Akşıray, F. (1987). Turkey marine fish and identification keys. Istanbul University Publications.
  • Aksu, H. (2020). Estimation of some growth parameters using length frequency data of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Nordmann 1840), by trawl fishing in Black Sea (Sinop, Turkey). Journal of New Results in Science, 9, 39-45.
  • Aslan İhsanoğlu, M., & İşmen, A. (2020). Biodiversity of the Sea of Marmara and catch amount of the deep-water rose shrimp. Aquatic Research, 3, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR20008
  • Atasoy, G.E., Erdem, Ü., Cebeci, M., & Yerli, B. (2006). Some biological characteristics of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 23, 33-37.
  • Bagenal, T.B., & Tesch, F.W. (1978). Age and growth. Blackwell Science Publications.
  • Bal, H. (2021). Length-weight relationship, sex ratio and condition factor of Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10, 99-105. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.832250
  • Balık, İ., & Öztaş, M. (2019). Comparison of length-weight relationships for whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) caught from three different areas of the south-eastern Black Sea. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36, 57-63. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.1.07
  • Bilgin, S., Bal, H., & Taşcı, B. (2012). Length based growth estimates and reproduction biology of whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordman, 1840) in the Southeast Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 871-881. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v12_4_15
  • Bok, T.D., Göktürk, D., Kahraman, A.E., Alıçlı, T.Z., Acun, T., & Ateş, C. (2011). Length-weight relationships of 34 fish species from the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10, 3037-3042. https://doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2011.3037.3042
  • Brosset, P., Ménard, F., Fromentin, J.M., Bonhommeau, S., Ulses, C., Bourdeix, J., Jean-Louis, B., Elisabeth, V.B., David, R., & Claire, S. (2015). Influence of environmental variability and age on the body condition of small pelagic fish in the Gulf of Lions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 529, 219-231. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11275
  • BSGM, (2020). Communique on regulation of commercial fishery. General Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture (Number: 2020/20).
  • Campana, S.E. (2001). Accuracy, precision and quality control in age determination, including a review of the use and abuse of age validation methods. Journal of Fish Biology, 59, 197-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00127.x
  • Campana, S.E., & Thorrold, S.R. (2001). Otoliths, increments, and elements: keys to a comprehensive understanding of fish populations? Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 58, 30-38. https://doi.org/10.1139/f00-177
  • Chapman, D.G., & Robson, D.S. (1960). The analysis of a catch curve. Biometrics, 16, 354-368.
  • Chassot, E., Mélin, F., Le Pape, O., & Gascuel, D. (2007). Bottom-up control regulates fisheries production at the scale of eco-regions in European seas. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 343, 45-55. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps06919
  • Conover, D.O., & Van Voorhees, D. (1990). Evolution of a balanced sex ratio by frequency-dependent selection in a fish. Science, 250, 1556-1558. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.250.4987.1556
  • Çalık, S., & Erdoğan Sağlam, N. (2017). Length-weight relationships of demersal fish species caught by bottom trawl from Eastern Black Sea (Turkey). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 58, 485-490. https://doi.org/10.21411/CBM.A.AA0D91E6
  • Çiloğlu, E., Şahin, C., Zengin, M., & Genç, Y. (2001). Determination of some population parameters and reproduction period of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) on the Trabzon-Yomra coast in the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 25, 831-837.
  • Daban, İ.B., Arslan İhsanoğlu, M., İşmen, A., & İnceoğlu, H. (2020). Length-weight relationships of 17 teleost fishes in the Marmara Sea, Turkey. KSU Journal of Aquaculture and Nature, 23, 1245-1256. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.682467
  • Demirel, N., & Murat Dalkara, E. (2012). Weight-length relationships of 28 fish species in the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 36, 785-791. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1111-29
  • Düzgüneş, E., & Karaçam, H. (1990). Some population parameters, meat yield and bio-chemical composition of whiting (Gadus euxinus Nord., 1840) in the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 14, 345-352.
  • Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., & Gürbüz, F. (1983). Statistical methods I. Ankara University Agriculture Faculty Press.
  • Erdoğan Sağlam, N., & Sağlam, C. (2012). Population parameters of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus L., 1758) in the South-Eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 831-839. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v12_4_11
  • Erkoyuncu, İ. (1995). Fisheries biology and population dynamics. Ondokuz Mayıs University Press.
  • Erkoyuncu, İ., Erdem, M., Samsun, O., Özdamar, E., & Kaya, Y. (1994). A research on the determination of meat yields, chemical composition and weight-length relationship of some fish species caught in the Black Sea. Istanbul University Journal of Aquatic Products, 8, 181-191.
  • Fisher, R.A. (1930). The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford University Press.
  • Frattini, C., & Casali, P. (1998). Distribuzione di Gadiformi in Alto e Medio Adriatico. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 5, 82-98.
  • Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and length-weight relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
  • Garcia, A.M., Vieira, J.P., Winemiller, K.O., & Raseira, M.B. (2004). Reproductive cycle and spatiotemporal variation in abundance of the one-sided livebearer Jenynsia multidentada, in Patos Lagoon, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 515, 39-48.
  • Göksungur, E.G. (2004). Biology of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) in the Marmara Sea [PhD thesis, Marmara University].
  • İsmen, A., (1995). The biology and population parameters of the whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann) in the Turkish coast of the Black Sea. [PhD thesis, Middle East Technical University].
  • Kalaycı, F., Samsun, N., Bilgin, S., & Samsun, O. (2007). Length-weight relationship of 10 fish species caught by bottom trawl and mid-water trawl from the Middle Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7, 33-36.
  • Karadurmuş, U., Düzgüneş, E., & Aydın, M. (2021). Catch performance of deep water cast nets used for whiting along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea (Turkey). Aquatic Sciences and Engineering, 36, 133-139.
  • Karadurmuş, U., & Sarı, M. (2022). Marine mucilage in the Sea of Marmara and its effects on the marine ecosystem: mass deaths. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 46, 93-102. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-2108-14
  • Kasapoğlu, N., & Düzgüneş, E. (2014). Length-weight relationships of marine species caught by five gears from the Black Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science, 15, 95-100. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.463
  • Mazlum, R.E., & Bilgin, S. (2014). Age, growth, reproduction and diet of the whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Nordmann, 1840), in the southeastern Black Sea. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 55, 463-474.
  • Munro, J.L., & Pauly, D. (1983). A simple method for comparing the growth of fishes and invertebrates. Fishbyte, 1, 5-6.
  • Nedreaas, K., Florin, A., Cook, R., Fernandes, P., & Lorance, P. (2014). Merlangius merlangus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014, e.T198585A45097610. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T198585A45097610.en
  • Özdamar, E., & Samsun, O. (1995). Determinations of some population parameters of whiting (Gadus merlangus) in Samsun Bay, Black Sea. Ondokuz Mayıs University Journal of Science, 6, 128-140.
  • Özdemir, S., Erdem, Y., & Sümer, Ç. (2006). The comparison of population parameters of turbot (Psetta maxima, Linneaus, 1758) and whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Nordman 1840) which are estimated by using age and length data. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Ondokuz Mayıs University, 21, 71-75.
  • Özdemir, S., Söyleyici, H., Özdemir, Z.B., Özsandıkçı, U., & Büyükdeveci, F. (2018). Determination of monthly length-weight relationships and length composition of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus) captured from the Black Sea Coasts (Sinop-Samsun). Aquatic Research, 1, 26-37. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR18004
  • Patterson, K. (1992). Fisheries for small pelagic species: an empirical approach to management targets. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2, 321-338.
  • Pauly, D. (1980). On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. Journal du Conseil international pour l’Exploration de la Mer, 39, 175-192.
  • Polat, N., & Gümüş, A. (1996). Ageing of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus, Nord., 1840) based on broken and burnt otolith. Fisheries Research, 28, 231-236.
  • Ricker, W.E. (1975). Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations, Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 191, 382 pp.
  • Ridgway, I., Taylor, A., Atkinson, R., Chang, E., & Neil, D. (2006). Impact of capture method and trawl duration on the health status of the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 339, 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.07.008
  • Ross, D.S., & Hüssy, K. (2013). A reliable method for ageing of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) for use in stock assessment and management. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 29, 825-832. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12204
  • Samsun, O. (1995). Investigation of the whiting (Gadus merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) caught by the bottom trawlers in the fisheries catching term of 1991–1994 from the viewpoint of fishery biology. Journal of Egirdir Fisheries Faculty of Suleyman Demirel University, 4, 273-282.
  • Samsun, O., & Akyol, O. (2017). Exploitation rate of whiting, Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Central Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 3, 20-26.
  • Samsun, N., & Erkoyuncu, İ. (1998). The research on the estimation of some parameters of whiting (Gadus merlangus euxinus, Nord. 1840) caught by the bottom trawlers in the area of Sinop (Black Sea) from the viewpoint of fishery biology. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 15, 19-31.
  • Samsun, O., Özdamar, E., & Aral, O. (1994). Fisheries biology of whiting (Gadus merlangus euxinus Nord. 1840) sampled by bottom trawls in the Central Black Sea. Ege University Journal of the Faculty of Science, 16, 1003-1011.
  • Savun-Hekimoğlu, B., & Gazioğlu, C. (2021). Mucilage Problem in the Semi-Enclosed Seas: Recent outburst in the Sea of Marmara. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 8, 402-413. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.955739
  • Sokal, R.R., & Rohlf, F.J. (1969). Introduction to biostatistics. W. H. Freeman and Company.
  • Süer, S. (2016). Comparative analysis of population parameters by age-based methods, in whiting (Merlangius merlangus L., 1758) and red mullet (Mullus barbatus L., 1758) stocks under different fishing pressures in Black Sea. [PhD thesis, Ondokuz Mayıs University].
  • Şahin, T., & Akbulut, B. (1997). Some population aspects of whiting (Merlangius merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840. in the eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 21, 187-193.
  • Taylan, B., Gürkan, S., Taskavak, E., & Uncumusaoğlu, A.A. (2018). A preliminary study of fecundity of whiting, Merlangius merlangus euxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) in coast of Tirebolu (Eastern Black Sea). Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 6, 322-325. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i3.322-325.1700
  • Tuck, I., Chapman, C.J., & Atkinson, R.J.A. (1997). Population biology of the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus (L.) in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland-I: Growth and density. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54, 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1996.0179
  • TÜİK, (2020). Fisheries statistics. Turkish Statistical Institute, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr
  • Türker, D., & Bal, H. (2018). Length–weight relationships of 13 fish species from the western Black Sea (Zonguldak-Amasra), Turkey. Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment, 24, 115-127.
  • Vazzoler, A.E.A.M. (1996). Biologia da reprodução de peixes teleósteos: teoria e prática. EDUEM.
  • von Bertalanffy, L. (1938). A quantitative theory of organic growth. Human Biology, 10, 181-243.
  • Yankova, M. (2016). Alien invasive fish species in Bulgarian waters: An overview. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 4, 282-290.
  • Yıldız, T., & Karakulak, F.S. (2019). Age, growth and mortality of whiting (Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758) from the western Black Sea, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 19, 793-804. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v19_9_08
  • Zar, J.H. (1999). Biostatistical analysis. Prentice Hall.
  • Zengin, M. (2019). A general approach to centurial history of Turkish Black Sea fisheries. The Journal of Institute of Black Sea Studies, 5, 31-67. https://doi.org/10.31765/karen.58403
  • Zengin, M., & Akyol, O. (2009). Description of by-catch species from the coastal shrimp beam trawl fishery in Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25, 211-214. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01218.x
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Uğur Karadurmuş 0000-0002-5827-0404

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Karadurmuş, U. (2022). Current Status, Management, and Future Prospects of Whiting (Merlangius merlangus) in the Sea of Marmara. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 18(3), 314-331. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1059877