Balıkçıların Bakış Açısından Hayalet Balıkçılık: Türkiye İç Su Balıkçılığından Bir Örnek

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 4, 312 - 322

Mehmet Cilbiz , Süleyman Oğuz Korkut , Adnan Ayaz

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1685905

Öz

Günümüzde birçok antropjenik kaynaklı promlemi göğüslemek zorunda kalan ekosistem son yıllarda yeni bir tehdit olarak terk edilmiş, kaybolmuş ve atılmış av araçları (TKAAA) ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bugüne kadar çoğunlukla denizel aquatic ekosistem özelinde araştırılmış olan TKAAAproblemi ile ilgili olarak iç sularda çok az bilimsel çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu eksikliğin giderilmesine katkı sağlamak amacıyla yürütülmüş olan mevcut çalışmada Türkiye’nin önemli bir iç su balıkçılığı merkezi olan Eğirdir Gölü balıkçılarının TKAAAhakkındaki bilinç düzeyleri ve kullanmakta oldukları av araçlarının hayalet avcılığa dönüşme potansiyeline yönelik bilgiler toplanmıştır. Çalışmada ihtiyaç duyulan veriler 2016 yılı av sezonunda balıkçılar ile yüzyüze yapılan anketler yardımı ile elde edilmiştir. Anketlerle kayıp av araçlarının tip ve miktarı, balıkçıların hayalet avcılık bilinci, av aracı kaybetme durumları ve kayıpların nedenleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Eğirdir Gölü’nde balıkçılar tarafından her yıl tahmini olarak 275.304,96 m uzunluğunda set net kaybedildiği (%11.32) belirlenmiştir. Av aracı kaybetme olaylarının gölün çok büyük bölümünde gerçekleşmektedir. Balıkçıların çok büyük bölümünün hayalet avcılık konusunda bilgisi bulunmamakta (%82.7) ve hayalet avcılığı sorun olarak görmemektedir (%92.0). Konu ile ilgili olarak balıkçılara yönelik kapsamlı eğitim çalışmalarına ve tehlikenin boyutununda net bir şekilde ortaya konulabilmesi adına kapsamlı bilimsel çalışmalara ihiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

TKAAA , Eğirdir Gölü , İç su çöpleri , Sürdürülebilirlik , Küçük ölçekli balıkçılık

Ghost Fishing from Fishermen’s Perspective: A Case from Turkish Inland Fisheries

Öz

In recent years, the ecosystem, already challenged by various anthropogenic pressures, has encountered a new threat in the form of abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG). To date, very few scientific studies have been conducted on the ALDFG problem in inland waters, which has mostly been investigated in marine aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, conducted to help address this deficiency, data were collected on the level of awareness among fishermen at Eğirdir Lake, an important inland fishery center in Türkiye, regarding ALDFG and the ghost fishing potential of the fishing gear they use. The data required for the study were obtained through face-to-face surveys conducted with fishermen during the 2016 fishing season. Questionnaires were used to identify the type and quantity of lost fishing gear, assess fishermen's awareness of ghost fishing, examine the status of lost fishing gear, and determine the causes of these losses. It was determined that fishermen in Eğirdir Lake lose an estimated 275,304.96 meters of set net (gillnet – trammel net) annually. The loss rate of set nets was estimated to be 11.32%. It has been determined that incidents of losing fishing gear occur in a large part of the lake. A significant majority of fishermen lack knowledge about ghost fishing (82.7%) and do not consider ghost fishing a significant problem (92.0%). Comprehensive training programs for fishermen and detailed scientific studies are needed to clearly reveal the extent of this threat.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ALDFG , Eğirdir Lake , Inland waters debris , Sustainability , Small scale fisheries

Kaynakça

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