Evaluation of Asbestos in Terms of Occupational Safety in Urban Renewal

Öz

Today, urbanization needs to go beyond the need for shelter and meet the necessity for a livable environment. Urban transformation initiates with high disaster risk, environmental risk factors that should be examined in details. Urban transformation is a multi-faceted construction and demolition process. During this demolition period, organic and inorganic dusts emerge, and some chemicals in the debris and excavations react in the environment and cause toxic gases. Electricity, floor and ceiling coverings, water pipes, etc. used in old buildings are destroyed during urban transformation. The presence of asbestos puts employee and public health at risk. These risks are explained in extended amounts of studies in recent years. It has been declared by the World Health Organization that asbestos is a carcinogenic substance and it has been proven that it causes many lung deformations, cancer and other diseases when it enters the body. In this review, the particle size of dusts, what urban transformation means, what kind of construction and demolition process is, how to enter the structure of asbestos from here, handling and disposal of asbestos, which is exposed as a result of demolition in the urban transformation process, from all sides are examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asbestos
• Urban Renewal
• Occupational Health and Safety
• Precaution in Asbestos Removal Operations.

Kentsel Dönüşümde Asbestin İş Güvenliği Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Günümüzde kentleşmenin barınma ihtiyacının ötesine geçerek yaşanabilir bir çevre ihtiyacını karşılaması gerekmektedir. Kentsel dönüşüm, afet riski yüksek, çevresel risk faktörleri detaylıca incelenmesi gereken unsurları barındırmaktadır. Kentsel dönüşüm çok yönlü bir yapım ve yıkım sürecidir. Bu yıkım sürecinde organik ve inorganik tozlar ortaya çıkmakta, moloz ve hafriyat içerisindeki bazı kimyasallar çevrede reaksiyona girerek zehirli gazlara neden olmaktadır. Eski binalarda kullanılan elektrik, taban ve tavan kaplamaları, su boruları vb. kentsel dönüşüm sırasında yıkılmaktadır. Asbestin varlığı çalışan ve halk sağlığını riske atmaktadır. Bu riskler son yıllarda geniş çaplı çalışmalarda açıklanmaktadır. Asbestin kanserojen bir madde olduğu Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından ilan edilmiş ve vücuda girdiğinde birçok akciğer deformasyonuna, kansere ve diğer hastalıklara neden olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bu derlemede, tozların partikül büyüklüğü, kentsel dönüşümün ne anlama geldiği, nasıl bir inşaat ve yıkım süreci olduğu, asbestin buradan yapıya nasıl gireceği, yıkım sonucu açığa çıkan asbestin taşınması ve bertarafı konularına değinilmiştir. Kentsel dönüşüm süreci, her yönüyle irdelenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asbest
• Kentsel Dönüşüm
• İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği
• Asbest Söküm İşlemlerinde Önlemler.

Kaynakça

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