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Dijital Çağda Hile ve Manipülasyonlara Karşı Adli Muhasebe Uygulamaları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 218 - 238, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1561356

Öz

Dijitalleşme tüm meslekleri etkilediği gibi denetim mesleğini de etkilemiştir. Bu etki iki yönlü bir etki olup dijital uygulama ve araçların artması hile ve manipülasyonların daha da karmaşıklaşmasına neden olurken aynı zamanda hile ve manipülasyonların tespitinde yine dijital uygulamalar ve yapay zekadan faydalanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı da dijitalleşmenin hızla artmasıyla birlikte hileli finansal raporlamaların ve diğer finansal suçların tespitinde adli muhasebe uygulamalarında dijitalleşmenin önemini ortaya koymaktır. Özellikle siber suçlar, veri manipülasyonu ve finansal hileler gibi tehditlerin artması, yapay zekâ ve büyük veri gibi teknolojilerin adli muhasebe süreçlerine entegrasyonunu zorunlu hâle getirmiştir. Çalışma, hile riskinin değerlendirilmesi, adli belge incelemesi ve dijital araçlar kullanılarak yapılan görüşme teknikleri gibi adli muhasebe süreçlerinde dijital uygulamaların kullanımını detaylı bir şekilde ele alan geleneksel derleme niteliğinde bir çalışmadır. Çalışmalarını dijital araçlar ve yapay zekâ uygulamalarıyla destekleyen adli muhasebeciler, günümüz iş dünyasında hileli finansal faaliyetleri daha etkin bir şekilde tespit edebilmekte ve önlem alabilmektedirler. Çalışma, adli muhasebe tekniklerinin dijitalleşme sürecinde nasıl dönüştüğünü ve bu tekniklerin işletmelerde finansal bütünlüğü sağlama açısından ne kadar önemli olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Akinbowale, O.E., Klingelhöfer, H.E., & Zerihun, M.F. (2020), An innovative approach in combating economic crime using forensic accounting techniques. Journal of Financial Crime, 27(4), 1253-1271. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2020-0053
  • Akyüz, F., & Gülten, S. (2024). Analysis of metaverse and cryptocurrency crimes in forensic accounting. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 24(2), 289-300. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1441950
  • Al-Abbadi, H. M., Alrawashdeh, B., Dabaghia, M.N., & Darwazeh, R.N. (2021). The challenges of application of forensic accounting in Jordan. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 1–10.
  • Albrecht W. S., Albrecht, C.C., Albrecht, C., & Zimbelman, M.F. (2011). Fraud examination. (3rd Ed.). Cengage Learning Inc.
  • Bao, Y., Hilary, G., & Ke, B. (2022). Artificial intelligence and fraud detection. In Babich, V., Birge, J.R., Hilary, G. (Eds), Innovative Technology at the Interface of Finance and Operations. Springer Series in Supply Chain Management, 11, (223–247). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75729-8_8
  • Bhasin, M. L. (2016). Forensic accounting in Asia: perspectives and prospects. International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research, 5(7), 25–38.
  • Bolton R.J., & Hand, D.J. (2002). Statistical fraud detection: a review. Statistical Science, 17(3), 235–255. https://doi.org/10.1214/ss/1042727940
  • Boys, J. (2008). Forensic accounting in New Zealand: exploring the gap between education and practice. AFAANZ Conference, 6-8 July, Sydney.
  • Casey, E., & Seglem, K. (2003). Introduction. In E. Casey (Ed.), Handbook of Computer Crıme Investıgatıon: Forensıc Tools and Technology, (2nd ed., 1-18). Academic Press.
  • Cendrowski, H. Martin, J. Petro, L.W. (2007). The handbook of fraud deterrence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Chika Madu, I., & Chinyere Genevive, O. (2018). Use of forensic accounting techniques in the detection of fraud in tertiary institutions in Anambra State, Nigeria. African Research Review, 12(1), 66-76, http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v12i1.8.
  • Colbert, J. L., & Turner, B.S. (2000). Strategies for dealing with fraud. The Journal of Corporate Accounting, 11(4), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0053(200005/06)11:4<43::AID-JCAF7>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Costantini, S., De Gasperis, G., & Olivieri, R. (2019). Digital forensics and investigations meet artificial intelligence. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence. 86, 193–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10472-019-09632-y
  • Crumbley, L. (2001). Forensic accounting: older than you think. Journal of Forensic Accounting, 2(2), 181-202, p.181
  • Dee, C.C., & Durtschi, C. (2010). Return of the Tallahassee BeanCounters: A Case in Forensic Accounting. Issues in Accountıng Education, 25(2), 279-321. https://doi.org/10.2308/iace.2010.25.2.279
  • DiGabriele, J. A. (2009). Implications of regulatory prescriptions and audit standards on the evolution of forensic accounting in the audit process. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, 10(2), 109-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1505783
  • DiNapoli, T. P. (2010). Red flags for fraud. State of New York Office of the State Comptroller.
  • Donning, H., Eriksson, M., Martikainen, M., & Lehner, O.M. (2019). Prevention and detection for risk and fraud in the digital age – the current situation. ACRN Journal of Finance and Risk Perspectives, 8 (Special Issue Digital Accounting), 86-97.
  • Daraojimba, R.E., Farayola, O. A, Olatoye, F. O., Mhlongo, N., & Oke, T.T. (2023). Forensic accounting in the digital age: a US perspective: scrutinizing methods and challenges in digital financial fraud prevention. Finance & Accounting Research Journal, 5(11), 342-360. https://doi.org/10.51594/farj.v5i11.614
  • Eko, E.U., Adebisi, A. W., & Moses, J.E. (2020). Evaluation of forensic accounting techniques in fraud prevention/detection in the banking sector in Nigeria. International Journal of Finance and Accounting 9(3), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijfa.20200903.02
  • Elias, A. I. (2014). The use of forensic in fraud detection and control. International Journal of Research in Management, 4(5), 61-71.
  • Federal Trade Commission - FTC. (2003). Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title15-chapter41-subchapter3&edition=prelim adresinden 03.09.2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Fooladia, J. D., Dehdarb, F., & Abdoli, M. (2022). Practical development of forensic accounting paradigm based on the risks of oil companies investors: interpretive ranking process matrix analysis. Petroleum Business Review, 6(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.22050/PBR.2021.283127.1182
  • Florea, R., & Florea, R. (2023). Forensic Accounting - Key Tool in Detecting and Preventing Fraud and Financial Crimes. Economy Transdisciplinarity Cognition, 26(2), 118-131.
  • Gray, D. (2008). Forensic accounting and auditing: compared and contrasted to traditional accounting and auditing. American Journal of Business Education, 1(2), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v1i2.4630
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  • Gunasegaran, M., Quaddus, M., & Evans, R. (2010). Behavioral intention to use forensic accounting services: a critical review of theories and an integrative model. The Business Review, Cambridge 15, 42-48. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/16378
  • Güredin, E. (2007). Denetim ve güvence hizmetleri: SMMM ve YMM’lere yönelik ilkeler ve teknikler, 11. Baskı, Arıkan Yay.
  • Hao, X. (2010). Analysis of the necessity to develop the forensic accounting in China. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(5), 185-187.
  • Horsman, G. (2022). Defining principles for preserving privacy in digital forensic examinations. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 40, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2022.301350.
  • Harris, C.K., & Brown, A.M. (2000). The qualities of a forensic accountant. Pennsylvania CPA Journal, 71(1), 2-3.
  • Houck M. M., Kranacher, M.J., Morris, B. Riley, R.A., Robeitson, J.J., & Wells, J.T. (2006). Forensic accounting as an investigative tool: developing a model curriculum for fraud and forensic accounting. The CPA Journal, 76(8), 68-70.
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  • Kapo, A., Turulja, L., & Vidačak, Z. (2024). Innovative approaches in forensic accounting: the role of data analytics. Journal of Forensic Accounting Profession, 4(1), 1- 14. https://doi.org/10.2478/jfap-2024-0001
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Forensic Accounting Practices Against Fraud and Manipulations in the Digital Age

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 218 - 238, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1561356

Öz

As digitalization affects all professions, it has also impacted the auditing profession. This impact is twofold: while the increase in digital applications and tools has made fraud and manipulation more complex in the digital realm, digital applications and artificial intelligence are also utilized in detecting fraud and manipulation. This study examines the importance of forensic accounting practices in detecting fraudulent financial reporting and other financial crimes as digitalization rapidly increases. The rise of threats such as cybercrimes, data manipulation, and financial fraud has made integrating technologies like artificial intelligence and big data into forensic accounting processes essential. This traditional review thoroughly examines the use of digital applications in forensic accounting processes, including fraud risk assessment, forensic document examination, and interview techniques conducted with digital tools. Forensic accountants who enhance their work with digital tools and artificial intelligence applications can more effectively detect and prevent fraudulent financial activities in today’s business world. The study highlights how forensic accounting techniques are transformed in the digitalization process and underscores the significance of these techniques in ensuring financial integrity within organizations.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, A., Albrecht, C., Vance A., & Hansen, J. (2012). Metafraud: a meta-learning framework for detecting financial fraud. MIS Quarterly, 36(4), 1293-1327. https://doi.org/10.2307/41703508
  • Akinbowale, O.E., Klingelhöfer, H.E., & Zerihun, M.F. (2020), An innovative approach in combating economic crime using forensic accounting techniques. Journal of Financial Crime, 27(4), 1253-1271. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2020-0053
  • Akyüz, F., & Gülten, S. (2024). Analysis of metaverse and cryptocurrency crimes in forensic accounting. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 24(2), 289-300. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1441950
  • Al-Abbadi, H. M., Alrawashdeh, B., Dabaghia, M.N., & Darwazeh, R.N. (2021). The challenges of application of forensic accounting in Jordan. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 1–10.
  • Albrecht W. S., Albrecht, C.C., Albrecht, C., & Zimbelman, M.F. (2011). Fraud examination. (3rd Ed.). Cengage Learning Inc.
  • Bao, Y., Hilary, G., & Ke, B. (2022). Artificial intelligence and fraud detection. In Babich, V., Birge, J.R., Hilary, G. (Eds), Innovative Technology at the Interface of Finance and Operations. Springer Series in Supply Chain Management, 11, (223–247). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75729-8_8
  • Bhasin, M. L. (2016). Forensic accounting in Asia: perspectives and prospects. International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research, 5(7), 25–38.
  • Bolton R.J., & Hand, D.J. (2002). Statistical fraud detection: a review. Statistical Science, 17(3), 235–255. https://doi.org/10.1214/ss/1042727940
  • Boys, J. (2008). Forensic accounting in New Zealand: exploring the gap between education and practice. AFAANZ Conference, 6-8 July, Sydney.
  • Casey, E., & Seglem, K. (2003). Introduction. In E. Casey (Ed.), Handbook of Computer Crıme Investıgatıon: Forensıc Tools and Technology, (2nd ed., 1-18). Academic Press.
  • Cendrowski, H. Martin, J. Petro, L.W. (2007). The handbook of fraud deterrence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Chika Madu, I., & Chinyere Genevive, O. (2018). Use of forensic accounting techniques in the detection of fraud in tertiary institutions in Anambra State, Nigeria. African Research Review, 12(1), 66-76, http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v12i1.8.
  • Colbert, J. L., & Turner, B.S. (2000). Strategies for dealing with fraud. The Journal of Corporate Accounting, 11(4), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0053(200005/06)11:4<43::AID-JCAF7>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Costantini, S., De Gasperis, G., & Olivieri, R. (2019). Digital forensics and investigations meet artificial intelligence. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence. 86, 193–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10472-019-09632-y
  • Crumbley, L. (2001). Forensic accounting: older than you think. Journal of Forensic Accounting, 2(2), 181-202, p.181
  • Dee, C.C., & Durtschi, C. (2010). Return of the Tallahassee BeanCounters: A Case in Forensic Accounting. Issues in Accountıng Education, 25(2), 279-321. https://doi.org/10.2308/iace.2010.25.2.279
  • DiGabriele, J. A. (2009). Implications of regulatory prescriptions and audit standards on the evolution of forensic accounting in the audit process. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, 10(2), 109-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1505783
  • DiNapoli, T. P. (2010). Red flags for fraud. State of New York Office of the State Comptroller.
  • Donning, H., Eriksson, M., Martikainen, M., & Lehner, O.M. (2019). Prevention and detection for risk and fraud in the digital age – the current situation. ACRN Journal of Finance and Risk Perspectives, 8 (Special Issue Digital Accounting), 86-97.
  • Daraojimba, R.E., Farayola, O. A, Olatoye, F. O., Mhlongo, N., & Oke, T.T. (2023). Forensic accounting in the digital age: a US perspective: scrutinizing methods and challenges in digital financial fraud prevention. Finance & Accounting Research Journal, 5(11), 342-360. https://doi.org/10.51594/farj.v5i11.614
  • Eko, E.U., Adebisi, A. W., & Moses, J.E. (2020). Evaluation of forensic accounting techniques in fraud prevention/detection in the banking sector in Nigeria. International Journal of Finance and Accounting 9(3), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijfa.20200903.02
  • Elias, A. I. (2014). The use of forensic in fraud detection and control. International Journal of Research in Management, 4(5), 61-71.
  • Federal Trade Commission - FTC. (2003). Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title15-chapter41-subchapter3&edition=prelim adresinden 03.09.2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Fooladia, J. D., Dehdarb, F., & Abdoli, M. (2022). Practical development of forensic accounting paradigm based on the risks of oil companies investors: interpretive ranking process matrix analysis. Petroleum Business Review, 6(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.22050/PBR.2021.283127.1182
  • Florea, R., & Florea, R. (2023). Forensic Accounting - Key Tool in Detecting and Preventing Fraud and Financial Crimes. Economy Transdisciplinarity Cognition, 26(2), 118-131.
  • Gray, D. (2008). Forensic accounting and auditing: compared and contrasted to traditional accounting and auditing. American Journal of Business Education, 1(2), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v1i2.4630
  • Grippo F. J., & Ibex, J.W. T. (2003). Introduction to forensic accounting. National Public Accountant, June, 4-5.
  • Gunasegaran, M., Quaddus, M., & Evans, R. (2010). Behavioral intention to use forensic accounting services: a critical review of theories and an integrative model. The Business Review, Cambridge 15, 42-48. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/16378
  • Güredin, E. (2007). Denetim ve güvence hizmetleri: SMMM ve YMM’lere yönelik ilkeler ve teknikler, 11. Baskı, Arıkan Yay.
  • Hao, X. (2010). Analysis of the necessity to develop the forensic accounting in China. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(5), 185-187.
  • Horsman, G. (2022). Defining principles for preserving privacy in digital forensic examinations. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 40, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2022.301350.
  • Harris, C.K., & Brown, A.M. (2000). The qualities of a forensic accountant. Pennsylvania CPA Journal, 71(1), 2-3.
  • Houck M. M., Kranacher, M.J., Morris, B. Riley, R.A., Robeitson, J.J., & Wells, J.T. (2006). Forensic accounting as an investigative tool: developing a model curriculum for fraud and forensic accounting. The CPA Journal, 76(8), 68-70.
  • Hopwood, W.S., Leiner, J.J., & Young, G.R. (2008). Forensic accounting. McGraw Hill/Irwin.
  • Jesson, J. K., Matheson, L., & Lacey, F.M. (2011). Doing your literature review: traditional and systematic techniques. SAGE Publications.
  • Kapo, A., Turulja, L., & Vidačak, Z. (2024). Innovative approaches in forensic accounting: the role of data analytics. Journal of Forensic Accounting Profession, 4(1), 1- 14. https://doi.org/10.2478/jfap-2024-0001
  • Kasum, A. S. (2009), The relevance of forensic accountıng to financial crimes in private and public sectors of third world economies: a study from Nigeria. The 1st International Conference on Governance Fraud Ethics and Social Responsibility, Edirne, April, 1-12.
  • Kaya, U. (2005). Muhasebe mesleğinde adli muhasebe uzmanlığı ve türkiye açısından gerekliliği. Muhasebe Bilim Dünyası Dergisi, 7(1), 49-64.
  • Kenyon, W., & Tilton, P.D. (2006). Potential red flags and fraud detection techniques. In T. Golden, Skalak, S.S. & Clayton M. (Eds.), A Guide to Forensic Accounting Investigation, (119-160). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Markman, M. S., Bucrek, J. E., Levko, A., Lechner, S. P., Haller, M. W., Dennis, R. W., Clayton, M. M., Dineen, J. C., & Schaffer, G. (2006). Other dimensions of forensic accounting. In T. Golden, S. S. Skalak, & M. Clayton (Eds.), A guide to forensic accounting investigation (525–533). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Mert, İ. (2022). Investigation Techniques, Methods, Types, and Increasing Impact of Forensic Accounting in Digital Period. Maliye ve Finans Yazıları, 36 (118), 13-32. https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.1084274
  • Minniti Robert K. (2008). Introduction of forensic accounting, Minniti CPA LLCP
  • Mohamed, N., & Zakaria, N.B., & Nazip, N., & Mohammed, N. F. (2021). The influencing factors of employee fraud in malaysia financial institution: the application of the fraud pentagon theory. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(6), 1-12.
  • Mohd, S. I., & Mazni, A. (2007). An overview of forensic accounting in Malaysia. International Conference on Business and Information, July 11-13, Tokyo.
  • Navarrete, A. C., & Gallego, A. C. (2022). Forensic accounting tools for fraud deterrence: a qualitative approach. Journal of Financial Crime, 30(3), 840-854. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-03-2022-0068
  • Noriega, M. (2020). The application of artificial intelligence in police interrogations: an analysis addressing the proposed effect AI has on racial and gender bias, cooperation, and false confessions. Futures 117, 102510, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2019.102510
  • Odeyemi, O., Ibeh, CV., Mhlongo, NZ., Asuzu, OF., Olatoye, FO., & Awonuga, KF. (2024). Forensic accounting and fraud detection: a review of techniques in the digital age. Finance & Accounting Research Journal, 6(2), 202-214. https://doi.org/10.51594/farj.v6i2.788
  • Okaro, S. C., & Okoye, E.I. (2011). Forensic accounting and audit expectation gap – the perception of accounting academics. SSRN Working Papers. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1920865 adresinden 10.10.2024 tarihinde alınmıştır.
  • Okoye, E., & Ndah, E. N. (2019). Forensic accounting and fraud prevention in manufacturing companies in Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Finance and Economics Research, 7(1), 107-116.
  • Özbek, Ç. (2003). İç denetimde yeni uygulamalar. 7. Türkiye İç Denetim Sempozyumu, 29-30 Mayıs, İstanbul.
  • Özkul, F. U., & Pektekin, P. (2009). Muhasebe manipülasyonlarını tespitinde adli muhasebecinin rolü ve veri madenciliği tekniklerinin kullanılması. Muhasebe ve Bilim Dünyası Dergisi, 11(4), 57-87.
  • Pamungkas, I. D., Ghozali, I., & Achmad, T. (2018). A pilot study of corporate governance and accounting fraud: the fraud diamond model. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 12(2), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.24052/JBRMR/V12IS02/APSOCGAAFTFDM
  • Paranjape, M., & Rupali, S. (2011), A study of creative accounting and forensic accounting as interlinked trends in accounting. International Journal for Business, Strategy and Management, 1(1), 1-8.
  • Ramaswamy, V. (2005). Corporate governance and the forensic accountant. The CPA Journal, 70(3), 68-70.
  • Ramos, M. (2003). Auditors’ responsibility for fraud detection. Journal of Accountancy, 95(1), 28-36.
  • Ranallo, L. F. (2006). Forensic investıgatıons and fınancial audits: compare and contrast. In T. Golden, Skalak, S.S. & Clayton M. (Eds.), A Guide to Forensic Accounting Investigation, (109-118). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Reinstein, A., & McMillan, J.J. (2004). The Enron debacle: more than a perfect storm. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 15 (6-7), 955-970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2003.08.006
  • Rezaee, Z., & Lander, G. H. (1996). Integrating forensic accounting into the accounting curriculum. Accounting Education, 1(2), 147-163.
  • Rezaee, Z., Lander, G. H., & Reinstein, A. (1992). Forensic accounting: challenges and opportunities. The Ohio CPA Journal, August, 20–25.
  • Rezaee, Z., & Wang, J (2019). Relevance of big data to forensic accounting practice and education. Managerial Auditing Journal, 34 (3), 268-288. https://doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-08-2017-1633
  • Rezaee, Z., & Wang, J (2022). Integration of big data into forensic accounting education and practice: a survey of academics in China and the United States. Journal of Forensic and Investigative Accounting 14(1), 133-150.
  • Saha, P., Aanand, S., Shah, P., Khatwani, R., Mitra, P.K., & Sekhar, R. (2023). Comparative analysis of ML algorithms for fraud detection in financial transactions. First International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics and Computational Intelligence (ICAEECI), Tiruchengode, India, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAEECI58247.2023.10370930.
  • Seddon, A. E., & Pass, A.D. (2009). Forensic sciences (Vol 2.). Salem Press Inc.
  • Sennewald, C. A., & Tsukayama, J.K. (2006). The process of investigation: concepts and strategies for investigators in the private sector. Butterworth-Heinemann Press.
  • Shekharappa Gouda, T., Ravishankar, M., & Dinesha, H.A. (2023). Detection of image forgery through novel hybrid technique. In: Pati, B., Panigrahi, C.R., Mohapatra, P., Li, KC. (eds) Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advance Computing and Intelligent Engineering. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, (428). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2225-1_32
  • Singleton, T.W., Bologna, G.J., Lindquist, R.J., & Singleton, A.J. (2006). Fraud auditing and forensic accounting. Wiley Hoboken NJ.
  • Singleton, T.W., & Singleton, A.J. (2010). Fraud auditing and forensic accounting. (4th Ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  • Stanković, N., & Fazlović, A. (2022). Practical application of forensic accounting in case of money laundering. International Journal of Sales Retailing and Marketing, 11(1), 93-102.
  • Volevodz, A.G., Ivanov, A.N., Lapin, E.S., & Khizhnyak, D.S. (2022). Forensic tools of obtaining and use of digital informatıon in criminal procedure. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences EpSBS, 653-659. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.01.103
  • Wadhwa, L., & Pal, V. (2012). Forensic accounting and fraud examination in India. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 7(11), 1-4.
  • Watters, M., Casey, K.M., Humphrey, J., & Linn, G. (2007). CPA fırms offerıng of forensic services surprısıngly consistent over time: Are CPAs missing out on a forensic accounting gold rush. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 11(2), 89-95.
  • West, J., & Bhattacharya, M. (2015). Intelligent financial fraud detection: a comprehensive review. Computers & Security, 57, 47-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2015.09.005
  • Wilks, T. J., & Zimbelman, M. F. (2002). The effects of a fraud-triangle decomposition of fraud risk assessments on auditors’ sensitivity to incentive and opportunity cues. Proceedings of the 15th University of Illinois Symposium on Auditing Research, Urbana–Champaign.
  • Zimbelman, M. F., & Albrecht, C. C. (2012). Forensic accounting. (4th Ed.). South Western Cengage Learning.
Toplam 74 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Adli Muhasebe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Elif Yücel 0000-0002-2708-6778

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 25 Aralık 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yücel, E. (2024). Dijital Çağda Hile ve Manipülasyonlara Karşı Adli Muhasebe Uygulamaları. Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(2), 218-238. https://doi.org/10.22466/acusbd.1561356

Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

ACUSBDCreative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.