Muslim Geography at the End of Dictatorship of Liberal Paradigm: Time to Reflect Upon Own Fate

Yıl 2024, , 249 - 274, 31.12.2024

Admir Mulaosmanovic

https://doi.org/10.31679/adamakademi.1365588

Öz

The goal of writing this article is to provoke different thoughts about the ways of building the world in which we live. For the past few years, I have already shared some of the ideas that I develop here by writing it down in opinions and speaking at symposia, but I did not clearly relate the need for a change in the Muslim world, which begins with creating an equidistance towards the Eastern and Western powers like I am doing in this text. I would like to point out that the multitude of common interests of the countries of the Fertile Crescent should determine the concept of their regional cooperation as well as cooperation with others based on their respect for that very concept. It simply means that article deals positively with emergence of multipolarity advocating in the same time for centralized regional cooperation in Middle East and Nort Africa - for the beginning. As we witness the end of the hegemony of liberalism as a global enterprise, there is a need for a different kind of hegemony in areas that are integral parts of Muslim geography.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multipolarity, Liberal Paradigm, Islamic WOrldview, Muslim Ggeography, global shift

Liberal Paradigmanın Diktatörlüğünün Sonunda Müslüman Coğrafyası: Kendi Kaderini Düşünme Zamanı

Öz

Bu makaleyi yazmanın amacı, içinde yaşadığımız dünyayı inşa etme yolları hakkında farklı düşünceleri teşvik etmektir. Geçtiğimiz birkaç yıldır burada geliştirdiğim fikirlerin bazılarını görüşler halinde yazarak ve sempozyumlarda konuşarak paylaşmıştım, ancak Müslüman dünyasında bir değişimin gerekliliğini net bir şekilde ilişkilendirmedim. Benim bu metinde yaptığım gibi Doğulu ve Batılı güçlere eşit mesafe. Bereketli Hilal ülkelerinin bölgesel işbirliği kavramını ve başkalarıyla işbirliği kavramını, bu kavrama saygı temelinde belirlemesi gerektiğini, Bereketli Hilal ülkelerinin ortak çıkarlarının çokluğuna bağlı olduğunu belirtmek isterim. Bu sadece, makalenin çok kutupluluğun ortaya çıkışına olumlu bir şekilde değindiği ve aynı zamanda başlangıçta Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika'da merkezi bölgesel işbirliğini savunduğu anlamına geliyor. Küresel bir girişim olarak liberalizmin hegemonyasının sonuna tanık olurken, Müslüman coğrafyanın ayrılmaz parçası olan alanlarda farklı türden bir hegemonyaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cok kutupluluk, Liberal paradigma, Islami dunya gorusu, Musluman Cogragyasi

Kaynakça

• Allison, G. (2017) Destinated for War. Can America and China Escape Thucydides's Trap? New York-Boston, USA: Houghton Miffilin Harcourt
• Bamyeh A. M. (2019) Lifeworlds of Islam: The Pragmatics of a Religion. Oxford, UK: Oxford University
• Black Sea Drills Showcase Strong NATO-Ukraine Defense Ties. (2021, July 10) Retrieved from https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_black-sea-drills-showcase-strong-nato-ukraine-defense-ties/6208087.html
• Bossong R. and Rhinard M. (2016). Introduction. Alternative Perspectives on Internal Security Cooperation in the European Union: Setting the Scene. In Bossong R. and Rhinard M. Theorizing Internal Security Cooperation in the European Union (pp. 3-27). Oxford University Press
• Caiyu, L. (2022, August 1) BRICS becomes appealing to more countries as Algeria signals interest in joining group: experts. Global Times. Retrieved from https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202208/1271945.shtml
• Colonel Lawrence Wilkerson: “The United States is using Ukraine to reestablish its hegemony over Europe”. (2023, June 1) Retrieved from https://lemediaen442.fr/le-colonel-lawrence-wilkerson-les-etats-unis-utilisent-lukraine-pour-retablir-leur-hegemonie-sur-leurope/
• Doshi, R. (2021) The Long Game. China's Grand Strategy to Displace American Order. Oxford University Press
• Drezner W. D. (2007) Are we moving towards apolarity? Foreign Policy. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/2007/01/31/are-we-moving-towards-apolarity/
• Dugin, A. (2012) Fourth Political Theory. Moscow, RU: Eurasian Movt
• Ekengren, M. (2008). The interface of external and internal security in the EU and in Nordic policies. The Broader Dimensions of Security. In Fluri P. and Spence D. The European Union and Security Sector Reform (pp. 151-172). London, UK: John Harper Publishing
• European Union. (2021) The shaping of a Common Security and Defense Policy. Retreived from https://eeas.europa.eu/topics/common-security-and-defence-policy-csdp/5388/shaping-of-a-common-security-and-defence-policy-_en
• Galtung, J. (1971) A Structural Theory of Imperialism. Journal of Peace Research 8(2), 81-117
• General Secretariat of the Council. (2010) Internal security strategy for the European Union. Towards a European security model. Retrieved from https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/30753/qc3010313enc.pdf
• Hallaq, B. W. (2013) Imposible State, Islam, Politics, and Modernity’s Moral Predicament. New York, USA: Columbia University Press
• Hallaq, B. W. (2019) Reforming Modernity. Ethics and the New Human in the Philosophy of Abdurrahman Taha. New York, USA: Columbia University Press
• Hathout, H. (2013) Čitanje muslimaskog uma. Sarajevo, BiH: Dobra knjiga
• Hyde-Price, A. (2007) European security in the Twenty-first century. The challenge of multipolarity London, UK: Routledge
• Ignatieff, M. (2021) The Collapse of Liberal Internationalism. What went wrong, and where to go from here. Persuasion. Retrieved from https://www.persuasion.community/p/the-collapse-of-liberal-internationalism
• Miller, C. (2022, February 25) Why Is Putin at War Again? Because He Keeps Winning. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/25/opinion/putin-war-russia-military.html
• Milton, P. Axworthy, M. and Simms, B. (2019) Towards a Westphalia for the Middle East. New York, USA: Oxford University Press
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021) China and Africa in the New Era. A Partnership of Equals. Retrieved from https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/202111/t20211126_10453904.html
• Miniszterelnok. (2023) Speech by Prime Minister Viktor Orbán at the 32nd Bálványos Summer Free University and Student Camp Retrieved from https://miniszterelnok.hu/en/speech-by-prime-minister-viktor-orban-at-the-32nd-balvanyos-summer-free-university-and-student-camp/
• Mulaosmanović, A. (2013) Iskušenje opstanka. Izetbegovićevih deset godina 1990–2000. Sarajevo, BiH: Dobra Knjiga Norton, B. (2022) Ex VP Dick Cheney confirmed US goal is to break up Russia, not just USSR. Geopolitical Economy. Retrieved from https://geopoliticaleconomy.com/2022/02/01/dick-cheney-us-goal-break-up-russia/
• Ongur, O. H. Zengin, H. (2016) Transforming Habitus of the Foreign Policy: A Bourdieusian Analysis of Turkey as an Emerging Middle Power, Rising Powers Quarterly 1 (2), 117-133.
• Pepe, M. J. (2019) Beyond China: The return of the Eurasian order. In Schulze W. P. (ed.), Multipolarity. The promise of disharmony (pp. 255-276). Campus Verlag Frankfurt/New York
• President of Russia. (2007) Press Conference following Talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel Retrieved from http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/24008
• Ristić, D. (2023) Burdijeova teoretizacija habitusa. In Mladenović, I. Zarić, Z. i Urošević, M. (eds.) Pjer Burdije: radikalna misao i praxis (pp. 85-102). Beograd, RS: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju-Univerzitet u Beogradu
• Sabet, G. E. Amr. (2008) Islam and the Political. Theory, Governance and International Relations. London, England: Pluto Press
• Saidy, B. (2014, October 14) GCC’s defense cooperation: Moving towards unity. Retrieved from https://www.fpri.org/article/2014/10/gccs-defense-cooperation-moving-towards-unity/
• Schulze, W. P. (2020) European comprehensive collective security. Missed opportunities in a rapidly changing international environment. In Peter W. Schulze, Winfried Veit (eds.) Ukraine in the crosshairs of geopolitical power play (pp.22-40). Campus Verlag Frankfurt/New York
• Spetalnick, M. and Graham, D. (2022, June 7) U.S. bars Cuba, Venezuela from Americas summit; Mexican leader sits out. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/us-excludes-cuba-venezuela-nicaragua-americas-summit-sources-2022-06-06/
• Sušić, H. (1975) Društveni i politički značaj 'asabiyye', Politička misao 4, 71-81.
• The White House. (2022) Fact Sheet: Implementation of the Australia – United Kingdom – United States Partnership (AUKUS). Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/04/05/fact-sheet-implementation-of-the-australia-united-kingdom-united-states-partnership-aukus/
• Vakalopoulos, K. (2023) Shedding Some (More) Light in Bourdieu's Habitus and Doxa: A Socio-Phenomenological Approach. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior 53, 255–270.
• Wintour, P. (2023, July 20) What was the Black Sea grain deal and why did it collapse? The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jul/20/what-was-the-black-sea-grain-deal-and-why-did-it-collapse