21. Yüzyılda Çin ve Amerika'nın Latin Amerika'daki Rekabeti

Öz

ABD, 1823'te Monroe Doktrini'nin ilan edilmesinden bu yana Latin Amerika jeopolitiğini, ekonomisini ve güvenliğini şekillendiren önemli dış güç olmuştur. Latin Amerika aynı zamanda Amerika'nın kilit bir ticaret ortağı, en üst düzey güvenlik önceliği ve hem yasal hem de yasadışı ticaretin ana kaynağı olarak kabul edilmektedir. ABD'ye göç Soğuk Savaş'ın ardından ABD, Orta Doğu'yla yoğun bir şekilde ilgilenmeye başladı ve yeni ortaya çıkan Çin, bu fırsattan yararlanarak Latin Amerika'daki nüfuzunu artırdı. ABD ilk kez arka bahçesindeki bir başka büyük gücün güçlü rekabetiyle karşı karşıya kaldı. Bu makale, ABD ile Latin Amerika arasındaki ilişkileri ve Çin'in artan etkisinin, tarihi arka bahçesine yönelik ulusal çıkarlara nasıl meydan okuduğunu araştıran çeşitli literatür kaynaklarının niteliksel analizini ve incelemelerini kullanıyor. Ardından, ekonomik etkileşimin ve ticaretin iki süper güç arasında devam eden rekabeti ve bunun bölge üzerindeki devam eden etkisini nasıl şekillendirdiğini inceliyoruz. Son olarak makale, Çin'in küresel stratejisinin bir parçası olarak Çin'in Latin Amerika ülkeleriyle giderek artan güvenlik ve askeri işbirliğini ve bunun ABD'nin bölgedeki ve ötesindeki güvenlik çıkarlarını ve nüfuzunu nasıl etkileyeceğini değerlendiriyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çin,
• Amerika,
• Latin Amerika,
• Hegemonya Rekabeti,
• Ulusal Çıkarlar.

The U.S. and Chinese Competition in Latin America in the 21st Century

Öz

The U.S. has been the main foreign power shaping Latin American geopolitics, economies, and security since the Monroe Doctrine was established in 1823. Latin America is also considered to be a key trading partner, top security priority, and main source of both legal and illegal immigration for the U.S. After the Cold War, the U.S. became heavily involved with the Middle East, and newly emerging China exploited this opportunity and increased its influence in Latin America. For the first time, the U.S. faced strong competition from another major power in its backyard. This paper uses qualitative analysis and reviews of various literature sources that explore the relations between the U.S. and Latin America and how China’s rising influence challenged its national interest in its historical backyard. Then, we examine how economic engagement and trade shaped the ongoing rivalry between two superpowers and its continuing impact on the region. Finally, the paper evaluates China's progressively increasing security and military cooperation with Latin American countries as a part of China’s global strategy and how it will affect the U.S. security interest and influence in the region and beyond.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• China
• America,
• Latin America,
• Hegemonic competition, National Interest.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmada çıkar çatışması yoktur ve herhangi bir yere yayınlanmak üzere gönderilmemiş özgün çalışma niteliği taşımalıdır.

Kaynakça

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