Geçmişten günümüze göz içi sıvısı analizi ile postmortem interval tayini

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 1, 23 - 27, 01.04.2017

Aykut Lale Mahmut Şerif Yıldırım Ramazan Akçan Aysun Balseven Odabaşı Ali Rıza Tümer

https://izlik.org/JA77EK65WH

Öz

Postmortem interval PMI postmortem incelemelerde önemli bir yere sahiptir. PMI tayini için güvenilirlikleri değişen birçok analiz yöntemi bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemler arasında göz içi sıvısının biyokimyasal analizi ile yapılan araştırmalar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Özellikle göz içi sıvısındaki potasyum [K+] ve hipoksantin [Hx] konsantrasyonlarının postmortem dönemdeki değişimleri gösterdikleri korelasyon ile ilgi odağı olmaktadır. Tespit edilen hata oranlarının azaltılması amaçlanarak daha doğru sonuçlar elde edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Ayrıca korelasyon bulunan diğer biyokimyasal belirteçlerin tespiti için çalışmalar güncellenmeye devam etmektedir. Yazımızda göz içi sıvısının biyokimyasal incelemeleri ile PMI tayini literatür eşliğinde tartışılmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göz içi sıvısı , postmortem interval , potasyum

Postmortem interval estimation by vitreous fluid analysis from past to present

https://izlik.org/JA77EK65WH

Öz

Postmortem interval is one of the most important factors to be considered in postmortem examinations. There are many methods of analysis differing in scientific reliability for postmortem interval estimation. However, biochemical studies of vitreous fluid stand out among these methods. Especially [K+] and Hypoxanthine [Hx] concentrations in vitreous fluid are scientifically favored because of their correlation with postmortem changes. By aiming to reduce detected error rates, achieving more accurate results is targeted. In addition, studies focusing on the detection of other biochemical markers in which correlation is found are still being carried out. In our paper, PMI estimation by vitreous biochemical analysis is discussed with literature findings

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vitreous fluid , postmortem interval , potassium

Kaynakça

• Coe JI. Postmortem chemistry update emphasis on forensic application. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1993;14 2 :91-117.
• Coe JI. Vitreous potassium as a measure of the postmortem interval: an historical review and critical evaluation. Forensic Sci Int 1989;42 3 :201-13.
• Kleinberg TT, Tzekov RT, Stein L, Ravi N, Kaushal S. Vitre- ous substitutes: a comprehensive review. Surv Ophthalmol ;56 4 :300-23. Chirila T, Hong Y. The vitreous humor. Handbook of biomate- rial properties: Springer; 1998. p. 125-31.
• Jşnior JCS, Mollo Filho PC, Guidugli RBF, Eberlin MN, de Souza Pessôa G, da Silva EG. Metals and metallo proteins identification in vitreous humor focusing on post-mortem bio- chemistry. Metallomics 2014;6 10 :1801-7.
• Reddy D, KINSEY VE. Composition of the vitreous humor in relation to that of plasma and aqueous humors. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 1960;63 4 :715-20.
• Bito LZ. Intraocular fluid dynamics: I. Steady-state concen- tration gradients of magnesium, potassium and calcium in re- lation to the sites and mechanisms of ocular cation transport processes. Exp Eye Res 1970;10 1 :102-16.
• Naumann HN. Postmortem chemistry of the vitreous body in man. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 1959;62 3 :356-63.
• Jaffe F. Chemical postmortem changes in the intraocular fluid. J Forensic Sci 1962;7:231-7.
• Sturner W. The vitreous humour: Postmortem potassium changes. Lancet 1963;281 7285 :807-8.
• Hansson L, Uotila U, Lindfors R, Laiho K. Potassium con- tent of the vitreous body as an aid in determining the time of death. J Forensic Sci 1966;11 3 :390-4.
• Adjutantis G, Coutselinis A. Estimation of the time of death by potassium levels in the vitreous humour. Forensic Science ;1 1 :55-60. Stephens R, Richards R. Vitreous humor chemistry: the use of potassium concentration for the prediction of the postmor- tem interval. J Forensic Sci 1987;32 2 :503-9.
• Madea B, Henssge C, Hönig W, Gerbracht A. References for determining the time of death by potassium in vitreous humor. Forensic Sci Int 1989;40 3 :231-43.
• James RA, Hoadley PA, Sampson BG. Determination of postmortem interval by sampling vitreous humour. Am J Fo- rensic Med Pathol 1997;18 2 :158-62.
• Lange N, Swearer S, Sturner WQ. Human postmortem interval estimation from vitreous potassium: an analysis of original data from six different studies. Forensic Sci Int ;66 3 :159-74. Munoz JI, Suarez-Penaranda JM, Otero XL, Rodriguez-Cal- vo MS, Costas E, Miguens X. A new perspective in the estima- tion of postmortem interval PMI based on vitreous. J Forensic Sci 2001;46 2 :209-14.
• Lucy D, Aykroyd R, Pollard M. Commentary on Munoz JI, Suarez-Penaranda JM, Otero XL, Rodriguez-Calvo MS, Costas E, Miguens X, Concheiro L. A new perspective in the estimation of postmortem interval PMI based on vitreous. J Forensic Sci ;46 6 :1527-8.
• Madea B, Rödig A. Time of death dependent criteria in vitre- ous humor—Accuracy of estimating the time since death. Fo- rensic Sci Int 2006;164 2 :87-92.
• Komura S, Oshiro S. Potassium levels in the aqueous and vitreous humor after death. Tohoku J Exp Med 1977;122 1 :65
• Adelson L, Sunshine I, Rushforth N, Mankoff M. Vitreous potassium concentration as an indicator of the postmortem interval. J Forensic Sci 1963;8 4 :503-14.
• Jashnani KD, Kale SA, Rupani AB. Vitreous humor: Bio- chemical constituents in estimation of postmortem interval. J Forensic Sci 2010;55 6 :1523-7.
• Madea B, Käferstein H, Hermann N, Sticht G. Hypoxan- thine in vitreous humor and cerebrospinal fluid—a marker of postmortem interval and prolonged vital hypoxia? Remarks also on hypoxanthine in SIDS. Forensic Sci Int ;65 1 :19-31. Garg V, Oberoi S, Gorea R, Kaur K. Changes in the levels of vitreous potassium with increasing time since death. JIAFM ;26 4 :971-3. Madea B. Is there recent progress in the estimation of the postmortem interval by means of thanatochemistry? Forensic Sci Int 2005;151 2 :139-49.
• Lendoiro E, Cordeiro C, Rodríguez-Calvo MS, Vieira DN, Suárez-Peñaranda JM, López-Rivadulla M. Applications of Tandem Mass Spectrometry LC–MSMS in estimating the post-mortem interval using the biochemistry of the vitreous humour. Forensic Sci Int 2012;223 1 :160-4.
• Tagliaro F, Bortolotti F, Manetto G, Cittadini F, Pascali VL, Marigo M. Potassium concentration differences in the vitreous humour from the two eyes revisited by microanalysis with cap- illary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2001;924 1 :493-8.
• Mihailovic Z, Atanasijevic T, Popovic V, Milosevic MB. Could lactates in vitreous humour be used to estimate the time since death? Med Sci Law 2011;51 3 :156-60.
• Mihailovic Z, Atanasijevic T, Popovic V, Milosevic MB, Sper- hake JP. Estimation of the postmortem interval by analyzing potassium in the vitreous humor: could repetitive sampling en- hance accuracy? Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2012;33 4 :400-3.
• Mihailovic Z, Atanasijevic T, Popovic V, Milosevic MB. The role of vitreous magnesium quantification in estimating the postmortem interval. J Forensic Sci 2014;59 3 :775-8.
• Balasooriya B, St Hill C, Williams A. The biochemistry of vit- reous humour. A comparative study of the potassium, sodium and urate concentrations in the eyes at identifical time inter- vals after death. Forensic Sci Int 1984;26 2 :85-91.
• Pounder DJ, Carson D, Johnston K, Orihara Y. Electrolyte concentration differences between left and right vitreous hu- mor samples. J Forensic Sci 1998;43 3 :604-7.
• Mulla A, Massey KL, Kalra J. Vitreous humor biochemical constituents: evaluation of between-eye differences. Am J Fo- rensic Med Pathol 2005;26 2 :146-9.
• Thierauf A, Musshoff F, Madea B. Post-mortem bio- chemical investigations of vitreous humor. Forensic Sci Int ;192 1 :78-82. Zhou B, Zhang L, Zhang G, Zhang X, Jiang X. The determina- tion of potassium concentration in vitreous humor by low pres- sure ion chromatography and its application in the estimation of postmortem interval. J Chromatogr B 2007;852 1 :278-81.
• Blana S, Mußhoff F, Hoeller T, Fimmers R, Madea B. Varia- tions in vitreous humor chemical values as a result of pre-ana- lytical treatment. Forensic Scı Int 2011;210 1 :263-70.
• Gagajewski A, Murakami MM, Kloss J, Edstrom M, Hillyer M, Peterson GF. Measurement of chemical analytes in vitre- ous humor: stability and precision studies. J Forensic Sci ;49 2 :371-4. Bortolotti F, Pascali JP, Davis GG, Smith FP, Brissie RM, Tagliaro F. Study of vitreous potassium correlation with time since death in the postmortem range from 2 to 110 hours using capillary ion analysis. Med Sci Law 2011;51 suppl 1 :S20-S3.
• Chandrakanth H, Kanchan T, Balaraj B, Virupaksha H, Chandrashekar T. Postmortem vitreous chemistry–An evalu- ation of sodium, potassium and chloride levels in estimation of time since death during the first 36 h after death . J Forensic Leg Med 2013;20 4 :211-6.
• Tumram NK, Bardale RV, Dongre AP. Postmortem analysis of synovial fluid and vitreous humour for determination of death in- terval: a comparative study. Forensic Sci Int 2011;204 1 :186-90.
• Rognum TO, Hauge S, Øyasaeter S, Saugstad OD. A new biochemical method for estimation of postmortem time. Fo- rensic Sci Int 1991;51 1 :139-46.
• Muñoz Barşs JI, Suárez-Peñaranda JM, Otero XL, Rodrí- guez-Calvo MaS, Costas E, Miguéns X. Improved estimation of postmortem interval based on differential behaviour of vitre- ous potassium and hypoxantine in death by hanging. Forensic Sci Int 2002;125 1 :67-74.
• Munoz J, Costas E, Rodrĺguez-Calvo M, Suarez-Penaranda J, Lopez-Rivadulla M, Concheiro L. A high-performance liquid chromatography method for hypoxanthine determination in vitreous humour: application to estimation of post mortem in- terval. Hum Exp Toxicol 2006;25 5 :279-81.
• Girela E, Villanueva E, Irigoyen P, Girela V, Hernández-Cue- to C, Peinado JM. Free amino acid concentrations in vitreous humor and cerebrospinal fluid in relation to the cause of death and postmortem interval. J Forensic Sci 2008;53 3 :730-3.
• Odriozola A, Riancho JA, de la Vega R, Agudo G, García- Blanco A, de Cos E. miRNA analysis in vitreous humor to de- termine the time of death: a proof-of-concept pilot study. Int J Legal Med 2013;127 3 :573-8.