Türkiye’de sucul adli entomoloji üzerine bir ön çalışma

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 18 - 29, 01.04.2018

Dilek Karataş Mustafa Cemal Darılmaz

https://izlik.org/JA39LU75ZX

Öz

AMAÇ: Sucul adli entomoloji, adli bilimlerin bir dalı olup ölüm sonrası su altında geçen zamanın belirlenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de sucul alanda ölümler görülmesine rağmen, sucul adli entomoloji alanında yapılan herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır.YÖNTEM: Aksaray ilinde, iki adet domuz başı Sus scrofa domestica Evcil domuz Erxleben, 1777 36 gün boyunca adli öneme sahip sucul böceklerin belirlenmesine yönelik kafes içerisinde iki farklı drenaj kanalına yerleştirilmiştir. Domuz başları üzerine gelen böcekler, adli açıdan tür teşhisi yapmak için toplanmış ve leşin ayrışma aşamaları gözlemlenerek kaydedilmiştir.BULGULAR: Leşlerden toplanan böceklerin teşhis işlemleri sonucunda Birinci deney hayvanında tespit edilen taksonlar: Diptera takımından Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Fanniidae, Ephydridae ve Chironomidae familyalarına ait 9 tür; Coleoptera takımından Histeridae, Staphylinidae, Dytiscidae ve Helophoridae familyalarına ait 5 tür ve bir alttür; Hemiptera takımından Gerridae familyasına ait bir tür; İkinci deney hayvanında tespit edilen taksonlar Diptera takımından Calliphoridae, Muscidae ve Chironomidae familyalarına ait 7 tür; Coleoptera takımından Nitidulidae Dytiscidae ve Helophoridae familyalarına ait 4 tür; Hemiptera takımından Corixidae familyasına ait bir tür; Odonata takımından Libellulidae familyasına ait bir tür tespit edilmiştir.SONUÇ: Bu çalışma adli öneme sahip sucul böceklerin belirlenmesi ile ilgili ülkemizde yapılan ilk çalışmadır ve tespit edilen taksonlar adli sucul entomoloji açısından ülkemizden ilk kez kaydedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adli sucul entomoloji , sus scrofa domestica (evcil domuz) , sucul böcekler , Aksaray İli

A preliminary study on aquatic forensic entomology in Turkey

https://izlik.org/JA39LU75ZX

Öz

OBJECTIVE: Aquatic forensic entomology is a branch of forensic science that applies the study of aquatic insects to criminal investigations, and is commonly used in death investigations for estimating the post mortem submersion interval. However, there is no study in the field of aquatic forensic entomology in Turkey although there are deaths reported as found in water.METHODS: In the province of Aksaray city , two pigs’ heads of Sus scrofa domestica domestic pig Erxleben, 1777 species in cages were placed into two different drainage channels for 36 days for the purpose of attracting and identifying forensically significant aquatic insects. The insects on the carcasses were collected to identify the species, and decay phases were reportRESULTS: The taxa that were collected from the first test animal included 9 Diptera species from the families Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Fanniidae, Ephydridae and Chironomidae; 5 Coleoptera species and a subspecies from the families Histeridae, Staphylinidae, Dytiscidae and Helophoridae; and one Gerridae species from the family Hemiptera. The taxa identified in the second test animal included 7 Diptera species from the families Calliphoridae, Muscidae and Chironomidae; 4 Coleoptera species from the families Nitidulidae, Dytiscidae and Helophoridae; one Hemiptera species from the family Corixidae; and one Odonata species from the family Libellulidae.CONCLUSION: This is the first study carried out in Turkey regarding the identification of forensically substantial aquatic insects, and the detected taxa have been recorded for the first time in terms of forensic aquatic entomology in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aquatic forensic entomology , sus scrofa domestica (domestic pig) , aquatic insects , AKsaray (city)

Kaynakça

• Sharma S, Rajinder S. Forensic aquatic entomology: A Re- view. The Indian Police Journal 2014;61 3 :1-268.
• Gennard DE. Forensic Entomology–An introduction. Eng- land: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2007.
• Medina AG, Hernando OS, Rios G. The use of the develop- mental rate of the aquatic midge Chironomus riparius Dip- tera, Chironomidae in the assessment of the postsubmersion interval. J Forensic Sci 2015;60 3 :822-6.
• Bryd JH, Castner JL. Forensic Entomology 2nd Edition. Boca Raton, USA: CRP Press, 2010.
• Payne JA, King EW. Insect succession and decomposition of pig carcasses in water. J Georgia Entomol So 1972;7 3 :153–62.
• Vance GM, VanDyk JK, Rowley WA. A device for sampling aquatic insects associated with carrion in water. J Forensic Sci ;40 3 :479-82.
• Haskell NH, McShaffrey DG, Hawley DA, William RE, Pless JE. Use of aquatic insects in determining submersion interval. J Forensic Sci 1989;34 3 :622-32.
• Chin HC, Marwi MA, Jeffery J, Omar B. Insect succession on a decomposing piglet carcass placed in a man-made freshwa- ter pond in Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2008;25 1 : 23–9.
• Heaton V, Lagden A, Moffatt C, Simmons T. Predicting the postmortem submersion interval for human remains recov- ered from U.K. waterways. J Forensic Sci 2010;55 2 :302-7.
• Barrios M, Wolff M. Initial study of arthropods succession and pig carrion decomposition in two freshwater ecosystems in the Colombian Andes. Forensic Sci Int 2011;212 1-3 :164–72.
• Tomberlin JK, Byrd JH, Wallace JR, Benbow ME. Assess- ment of decomposition studies ındicates need for standardized and repeatable research methods in forensic entomology. J Forensic Sci 2012;3:1-10.
• Humphreys MK, Panacek E, Green W, Albers E. Compari- son of protocols for measuring and calculating postmortem submersion intervals for human analogs in fresh water. J Fo- rensic Sci 2013;58 2 :513-7.
• Magni PA, Borrini M, Dadour IR. Human remains found in two wells: a forensic entomology perspective. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2013;9 3 :413–17.
• Özdemir S, Sert O. Determination of Coleoptera fauna on carcasses in Ankara province, Turkey. Forensic Sci Int 2009;183 1-3 :24–32.
• Şabanoğlu B, Sert O. Determination of Calliphoridae Diptera fauna and seasonal distribution on carrion in Ankara province. J Forensic Sci 2010;55 4 :1003-7.
• Sert O, Kabalak M, Şabanoğlu B. Determination of forensically important Coleoptera and Calliphoridae Diptera species on decomposing dog Canis lupus familiaris L. carcass at Ankara province Hacettepe. J Biol Chem 2012;40 1 :99–103.
• Karbeyaz K, Melez İE, Melez DO, Akkaya H, Özsoy S. Enviromental assessment and forensıc approach to the cases found death in water in Eskisehir. Adli Tıp Dergisi 2011;26 3 :8-19.
• Smith KGV. A Manual Of Forensic Entomology. Ithaca: NY Cornell University Press, 1986.
• Dobson M. Family-level keys to freshwater fly Diptera larvae: A Brief review and a key to European families avoiding use of mouthpart characters. Freshw Rev 2013;6 1 :1-32.
• Velasquez Y, Magana C, Martinez-Sanchez A, Rojo S. Diptera of forensic importance in the Iberian Peninsula: larval identification key. Med Vet Entomol 2010;24 3 :293-308.
• Spornraft K. Kafer Mitteleuropas Band 7. In: Freude H, Harde KW, Lohse GA eds. Nitidulidae, Krefeld, Germany: Goecke Evers, 1971:20–77.
• Witzgall K. Kafer Mitteleuropas Band 3. In: Freude H, Harde KW, Lohse GA eds. Histeroidea, Krefeld, Germany: Goecke Evers, 1971:156–89.
• Besuchet S. Kafer Mitteleuropas Band 5. In: Freude H, Harde KW, Lohse GA eds. Pselaphidae, Krefeld, Germany: Goecke Evers, 1974:302–5.
• Domínguez MC, Pont AC. Fanniidae Insecta: Diptera , fauna of New Zealand, Landcare Research .New Zealand: New Zealand Ltd., 2014.
• Bouchard RW. Guide To Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of The Upper Midwest, Water Resources Center. St.Paul, MN, USA: University of Minnesota, 2004.
• Epler JH. Identification Manual For The Larval Chironomidae Diptera Of North And South Carolina, Crawfordville, USA: Private Publication, 2001.
• Szpila K. Key for identification of European and Mediterranean blowflies Diptera, Calliphoridae of medical and veterinary importance – adult flies. In: Gennard D eds. Forensic Entomology, An Introduction, 2nd Edition Chichester, West Sussex: The Atrium John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2012:77–81.
• Szpila K. Key for the identification of third instars of European blowflies Diptera: Calliphoridae of forensic importance Third instars. In: Amendt J, Campobasso CP, Grassberger M eds. Current Consept Forensic Entomology Dordrecht-Heidelberg-London-New York: USA Springer Press, 2010:43–56.
• Szpila K, Hall MJR, Sukontason K, Tantawi T. Morphology and identification of the first instar larvae of European and Mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance, Part I: Chrysomyinae. Med Vet Entomol 2013a;27 4 :181-93.
• Szpila K, Hall MJR, Pape TA. Grzywacz. Morphology and identification of first instars of the European and Mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance, Part II. Luciliinae. Med Vet Entomol 2013b;27 2 :349-66.
• Szpila K, Pape T, Hall MJR, Mądra A. Morphology and identification of the first instar larvae of European and Mediterranean blowflies of forensic importance, Part III: Calliphorinae. Med Vet Entomol 2014;28 2 :133-42.
• James MT. The Flies That Cause Myiasis in Man, Washington, USA: Miscellaneous Publication of the United States Department of Agriculture, 1947.
• 33. Şahin Y. Mediterranean and central anatolian regions rivers Chironomidae Diptera larvae and their distribution, Eskişehir:Turkey Tübitak, TBAG 1987:792.
• Nilsson AN, Holmen M. The aquatic Adephaga Coleoptera of Fennoscandia and Denmark, II. Dytiscidae, Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Leiden-New York-Köln:Netherlands, E.J. Brill, 1995.
• Angus R. Notes on the Helophorus Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae occuring in Turkey and neighbouring territories. Rev Suisse Zool 1988;95 1 :209-48.
• Kaefer der Welt - Beetles of the World. Available at: https:// www.kaefer-der-welt.de/. cited:09 December 2017 .
• Cutter RM. Identification of Calyptrate Diptera to Family. Available at: http://www.nku.edu/~dahlem/ForensicFlyKey/ families.htm. cited: 12 November 2017 .