Araştırma Makalesi
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DENETİMLİ SERBESTLİK POPÜLASYONUNDA SENTETİK KANNABİNOİD KULLANIM

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3, 169 - 178, 31.12.2015
https://izlik.org/JA44EC88GW

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, denetimli serbestlik kapsamında tedaviye gönderilen bireylerde son yıllarda önemli bir sorun haline gelen sentetik kannabinoid SK kullanımını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntemler: Denetimli Serbestlik ve Tedavi DST için 1 Haziran - 1 Ağustos 2014 tarihleri arasında başvuran 757 ardışık vaka araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Sosyodemografik özellikleri, madde kullanımı ve suç öyküleri, idrar test sonuçları incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların %31’inde idrar testinde madde tespit edilmiştir. İdrar analizlerine göre sentetik kannabinoidlerin en sık tercih edilen madde olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bu araştırma DST popülasyonunda sentetik kannabinoid yaygınlığını ölçen ilk çalışmadır. Sonuçlar, DST popülasyonunda SK kullanımının en az esrar kadar yaygın olduğunu göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/kanunlar/ k5560.html Cited: December 06, 2006.
  • Mustafa Sercan Ed . Psychiatric As- sociation of Turkey Scientific Sections Serial: Guideline for Forensic Psychia- try, Ankara: TPD Publications,2007.
  • Webster JM, Dickson MF, Saman DM, Mateyoke-Scrivner A, Oser CB, Leuke- feld C. Substance Use, Criminal Activity, and Mental Health Among Violent and Nonviolent Rural Probationers. J Addict Offender Couns 2010;30:99-111.
  • Lurigio AJ, Cho YI, Swartz JA, John- son TP, Graf I, Pickup L: Standardized assessment of substance-related, other psychiatric, and comorbid disorders among probationers. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2003;47:630-52.
  • Altintoprak AE, Akgur SA, Kitapcioglu G, Yuncu Z, Coskunol H. Retrospective analysis of probationers: Sociodemo- graphic characteristics, ındividual and familial history of addiction and crime and treatment outcomes. Journal of De- pendence 2014;15:1-9.
  • Zorlu N, Turk H, Manavgat AI, Kara- das B, Gulseren S. Retroepective study- ing of sociodemographics, clinical char- acteristics and extent of alcohol use disorder among patients apllied by pro- bation. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2011;12:253-7.
  • Evren C, Bozkurt M. Synthetic canna- binoids: Crisis of the decade. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2013;26:1-11.
  • Zawilska JB, Wojcieszak J. Spice/K2 drugs-more than innocent substitutes for marijuana. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014;17:509-25.
  • Spaderna M, Addy PH, D’Souza DC. Spicing things up: synthetic cannabinoids. Psychopharmacology Berl 2013;228:525-40.
  • Gunderson EW, Haughey HM, AitDaoud N, Joshi AS, Hart CL. “Spice” and “K2” herbal highs: a case series and systematic review of the clinical effects and biopsychosocial implications of synthetic cannabinoid use in humans. Am J Addict 2012;21:320-6.
  • Seely KA, Lapoint J, Moran JH, Fattore L. Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012;39:234-43.
  • Seely KA, Prather PL, James LP, Moran JH. Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse. Mol Interv 2011;11:36-51.
  • Vardakou I, Pistos C, Spiliopoulou C. Spice drugs as a new trend: mode of action, identification and legislation. Toxicol Lett 2010;197:157-62.
  • Fantegrossi WE, Moran JH, Radominska-Pandya A, Prather PL. Distinct pharmacology and metabolism of K2 synthetic cannabinoids compared to Δ 9 -THC: mechanism underlying greater toxicity. Life Sci 2014;97:45-54.
  • Griffiths P, Sedefov R, Gallegos A, Lopez D. How globalization and market innovation challenge how we think about and respond to drug use: ‘Spice’ a case study. Addiction 2010;105:951-3.
  • Wells DL, Ott CA. The “new” marijuana. Ann Pharmacother 2011;45:414- 7.
  • Castaneto MS, Gorelick DA, Desrosiers NA, Hartman RL, Pirard S, Huestis MA. Synthetic cannabinoids: Epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;1:144:12-41.
  • Hu X, Primack BA, Barnett TE, Cook RL. College students and use of K2: an emerging drug of abuse in young persons. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2011;6:16.
  • O’Malley PM, Miech RA, Bachman JG, Shulenberg JE. Monitoring the future: National results on adolescent drug use. Overview of keyfinding 2013. Available at: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/data/html Cited: December 31, 2013.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime World Drug Report 2014. United Nations publications Sales No. E.14.XI.7.
  • Bush DM, Woodwell DA. Update: Drug-related emergency department visits involving synthetic cannabinoids. The CBHSQ Report SAMSHA 1-877- 726-4727 .
  • Turan R. Analysis of Factors Predicting Success in the Treatment of Drug Offenders on Probation. [Unpublished PhD Thesis]. Istanbul University Institute of Forensic Medicine, 2010.
  • Vardakou I, Pistos C, Spiliopoulou C. Spice drugs as a new trend: Mode of action, identification and legislation. Toxicology Letters 2010;197:157-62.
  • Davies S, Wood DM, Smith G, Button J, Ramsey J, Archer R. Purchasing “legal highs” on the internet-is there consistency in what you get? QJ Med 2010;103 7 :489-93.
  • Stephens JL. Synthetic Cannabinoid Usage Among College Students: The Example of K2 and Spice. Unpublished Master Thesis. University of North Texas, 2011.

THE USE OF SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS AMONG PROBATION POPULATION

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3, 169 - 178, 31.12.2015
https://izlik.org/JA44EC88GW

Öz

Objective: This study aims to investigate the use of synthetic cannabinoids, which has become a serious problem in recent years, among patients applied by brobation. Methods: Seven hundred fifty seven consecutive patients applied by probation between 1 June - 1 August 2014, were enrolled the study. Sociodemographics, drug use patterns and criminal histories of the cases are investigated. Urine analysis are collected from medical records. Results: It was observed that %31 of the patients had a positive test results for drugs. Synthetic cannabinoids were the most preferred drugs according the urine analysis. Conclusion: This study is the first study about seynthetic cannabinoid prevalence among probation population. Results indicate that, the extent of synthetic cannabinoids consumption is similar but not less than herbal cannabis.

Kaynakça

  • http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/kanunlar/ k5560.html Cited: December 06, 2006.
  • Mustafa Sercan Ed . Psychiatric As- sociation of Turkey Scientific Sections Serial: Guideline for Forensic Psychia- try, Ankara: TPD Publications,2007.
  • Webster JM, Dickson MF, Saman DM, Mateyoke-Scrivner A, Oser CB, Leuke- feld C. Substance Use, Criminal Activity, and Mental Health Among Violent and Nonviolent Rural Probationers. J Addict Offender Couns 2010;30:99-111.
  • Lurigio AJ, Cho YI, Swartz JA, John- son TP, Graf I, Pickup L: Standardized assessment of substance-related, other psychiatric, and comorbid disorders among probationers. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2003;47:630-52.
  • Altintoprak AE, Akgur SA, Kitapcioglu G, Yuncu Z, Coskunol H. Retrospective analysis of probationers: Sociodemo- graphic characteristics, ındividual and familial history of addiction and crime and treatment outcomes. Journal of De- pendence 2014;15:1-9.
  • Zorlu N, Turk H, Manavgat AI, Kara- das B, Gulseren S. Retroepective study- ing of sociodemographics, clinical char- acteristics and extent of alcohol use disorder among patients apllied by pro- bation. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2011;12:253-7.
  • Evren C, Bozkurt M. Synthetic canna- binoids: Crisis of the decade. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2013;26:1-11.
  • Zawilska JB, Wojcieszak J. Spice/K2 drugs-more than innocent substitutes for marijuana. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014;17:509-25.
  • Spaderna M, Addy PH, D’Souza DC. Spicing things up: synthetic cannabinoids. Psychopharmacology Berl 2013;228:525-40.
  • Gunderson EW, Haughey HM, AitDaoud N, Joshi AS, Hart CL. “Spice” and “K2” herbal highs: a case series and systematic review of the clinical effects and biopsychosocial implications of synthetic cannabinoid use in humans. Am J Addict 2012;21:320-6.
  • Seely KA, Lapoint J, Moran JH, Fattore L. Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012;39:234-43.
  • Seely KA, Prather PL, James LP, Moran JH. Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse. Mol Interv 2011;11:36-51.
  • Vardakou I, Pistos C, Spiliopoulou C. Spice drugs as a new trend: mode of action, identification and legislation. Toxicol Lett 2010;197:157-62.
  • Fantegrossi WE, Moran JH, Radominska-Pandya A, Prather PL. Distinct pharmacology and metabolism of K2 synthetic cannabinoids compared to Δ 9 -THC: mechanism underlying greater toxicity. Life Sci 2014;97:45-54.
  • Griffiths P, Sedefov R, Gallegos A, Lopez D. How globalization and market innovation challenge how we think about and respond to drug use: ‘Spice’ a case study. Addiction 2010;105:951-3.
  • Wells DL, Ott CA. The “new” marijuana. Ann Pharmacother 2011;45:414- 7.
  • Castaneto MS, Gorelick DA, Desrosiers NA, Hartman RL, Pirard S, Huestis MA. Synthetic cannabinoids: Epidemiology, pharmacodynamics, and clinical implications. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;1:144:12-41.
  • Hu X, Primack BA, Barnett TE, Cook RL. College students and use of K2: an emerging drug of abuse in young persons. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2011;6:16.
  • O’Malley PM, Miech RA, Bachman JG, Shulenberg JE. Monitoring the future: National results on adolescent drug use. Overview of keyfinding 2013. Available at: http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/data/html Cited: December 31, 2013.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime World Drug Report 2014. United Nations publications Sales No. E.14.XI.7.
  • Bush DM, Woodwell DA. Update: Drug-related emergency department visits involving synthetic cannabinoids. The CBHSQ Report SAMSHA 1-877- 726-4727 .
  • Turan R. Analysis of Factors Predicting Success in the Treatment of Drug Offenders on Probation. [Unpublished PhD Thesis]. Istanbul University Institute of Forensic Medicine, 2010.
  • Vardakou I, Pistos C, Spiliopoulou C. Spice drugs as a new trend: Mode of action, identification and legislation. Toxicology Letters 2010;197:157-62.
  • Davies S, Wood DM, Smith G, Button J, Ramsey J, Archer R. Purchasing “legal highs” on the internet-is there consistency in what you get? QJ Med 2010;103 7 :489-93.
  • Stephens JL. Synthetic Cannabinoid Usage Among College Students: The Example of K2 and Spice. Unpublished Master Thesis. University of North Texas, 2011.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Adli Biyoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Elif Mutlu Bu kişi benim

İzgi Alnıak Bu kişi benim

Umut Mert Aksoy Bu kişi benim

Murat Erkıran Bu kişi benim

Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Ocak 2015
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2015
IZ https://izlik.org/JA44EC88GW
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver 1.Elif Mutlu, İzgi Alnıak, Umut Mert Aksoy, Murat Erkıran. DENETİMLİ SERBESTLİK POPÜLASYONUNDA SENTETİK KANNABİNOİD KULLANIM. ATD [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2015;29(3):169-78. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA44EC88GW

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