Siirt İlinde Kadın İntiharları

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 117 - 127, 31.08.2016

Neylan Ziyalar Aysel Sarıpınar Can Çalıcı

https://izlik.org/JA94ML68SW

Öz

AMAÇ: Dünyanın pek çok ülkesinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de tamamlanmış erkek intiharlarının sayısının kadın intiharlarının sayısından fazla olduğu bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte son yıllarda Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bazı illerde kadın intiharlarının erkek intiharlarından fazla olduğu görülmektedir. Söz konusu illerde kadın intiharlarına yönelik çalışmalar bulunmasına rağmen Siirt ili için konuyla ilgili araştırmaların olmadığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Siirt ilinde 2000-2013 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiş kadın intiharlarına etki eden sosyodemografik etkenleri irdeleyerek kadın intiharlarının önlenmesi için yapılacak çalışmalara katkıda bulunmaktır. YÖNTEM: Araştırmada Siirt Adliyesi ve bağlı bulunan yerlerde 2000-2013 yılları arasında ölümü adli soruşturmaya konu olan kadın olguların savcılık dosyaları incelenmiştir. Bu dosyalarda tespit edilen 60 intihar olgusunun yaş, medeni durum, eğitim, meslek, olay yeri, intihar nedeni, intihar yöntemi, intiharda kullanılan araçlar, yaralanma bölgesi ve intihar zamanı verileri istatistiki olarak değerlendirilmiştir. BULGULAR: Araştırmanın bazı öne çıkan bulgularına göre olguların neredeyse yarısının 15-20 yaş diliminde olduğu ve kırsal alanda yaşadıkları görülmektedir. İntihar eden olguların büyük çoğunluğunun bekar ve ailesiyle yaşayan, işsiz kadınlar olduğu, okuryazarlık oranlarının düşük olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ası ve ateşli silahla kullanmanın en sık başvurulan intihar yöntemi olduğu saptanmıştır. SONUÇ: Siirt ilinde gerçekleşen genç kadın intiharlarının intihar eyleminin bireysel nedenleri kadar sosyal dinamiklerden de etkilendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu intiharların önlenmesi için kadına yönelik şiddet bağlamında toplumsal düzeyde önleme faaliyetlerinin arttırılması gerektiğine inanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kadın intiharları , adli tıp , Siirt , intihar yöntemleri

Female Suicides in Siirt District

https://izlik.org/JA94ML68SW

Öz

OBJECTIVE: It’s been known that completed male suicide rates are higher than the female suicide rates in Turkey too, like most countries of the world. On the other hand it’s seen that during last decades some districts of Southeastern Anatolia Region have higher female suicide rates than male suicide rates. Although there are researches concerning female suicides in those districts, it’s observed that there isn’t any research regarding female suicides in Siirt district. This research is aimed to examine the main sociodemographic factors that effect of this specific case of female suicides in Siirt, between the years of 2000 -2013 and to contribute the researches regarding female suicides prevention. METHODS: To achieve this, 60 legal files of these incidents which happened in mentioned years has been analyzed according to their age, marital status, educational and occupational status, crime scene, method of suicide and occurrence time of the incidents with descriptive statistical methods. RESULTS: Some significant findings of the research indicates that almost half of the all female suicides have been occurred between the ages 15 -20 and in rural part of the city. Being single and young, living with family, high illiteracy, being housewife/girl and social isolation are risk factors of suicide behavior. Considering our research results it can be said that the most commonly used methods in these cases are hanging and using firearms. CONCLUSION: It’s been observed that female suicide cases in Siirt district are effected not only individual risk factors but also social dynamics. According to results of our research it’s needed a community based suicide prevention model in the context of violence against women.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Female suicides , forensic medicine , Siirt , suicide methods

Kaynakça

• World Health Organization WHO . First WHO Report on Sui- cide Prevention. Available at:http://www.who.int/mediacen- tre/news/releases/2014/suicide-prevention-report/en/ cited: February 2014 .
• World Health Organization WHO . Preventing Suicide: A Global Imperative, Executive Summary, Editor by WHO, p:94. Available at: http://www.who.int/mental_health/suicidepre- vention/world_report_2014/en/ cited: 20 February 2014 .
• Uçan Ö. A bibliography work regarding suicide literature in Turkey. Crisis Journal 2005;13 3 :15-26.
• Özgüven DH. Epidemiology of suicide behaviour. Turkiye Klinikleri J Psychiatry-Special Topics 2008;1 3 :1-7.
• Turkish Statistical Institute TÜİK . TÜİK Suicide Statistics , News Bulletin No:16049. Available at: http://www.tuik. gov.tr. cited: 20 June 2014 .
• Aydın B, Çolak B. Firearms fatalities in Samsun: 1999-2003.
• Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2005;19 3 :11-6.
• Arslan MM, Duru M, Kuvandik G, Bozkurt S, Kaya E. Analy- sis of suicide attempt cases in Hatay. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2008;22 3 :9-14.
• Kumral B, Büyük Y, Melez DO, EsenMelez İ, Şahin F, Şahin E, Gündoğmuş ÜN. Evaulation of railway related deaths for which autopsies were performed in Istanbul. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2014;28 3 :208-22.
• Delice M. The investigation of suicides in the South Eastern Anatolia: The Batman City example. Atatürk University Jour- nal of Social Sciences 2012;16 1 :266-76.
• Durkheim É. Suicide [in Turkish]1stEdition. Istanbul: Pozi- tif Publishing, 2013: p.1-468.
• Nordentoft M. Prevention of suicide and attempted sui- cide in Denmark: Epidemilogical studies of suicide and in- tervention studies in selected risk groups. Dan Med Bul ;54 4 :306-69.
• Odağ C. Suicide, Definition-Theory-Treatment [in Turkish] nd Edition. Izmir: Halime Odağ Psychoanalysis and Psycho- therapy Foundation Publications 2002: p.1-120.
• Güçlü F. Suicide: Rise of Despair [in Turkish]3rd Edition. Istanbul: Sabev Publishing, 2001.
• Arkun N. Pyschodynamics of Suicides [in Turkish] 2nd Edi- tion. Istanbul: Daculty of Arts Publishing, 1978.
• Turkish Statistical Institute TÜİK . TÜİK Suicide Statistics 2013.Available at http://www.tuik.gov.tr. cited: 20 June 2014 .
• Aydın B, Çolak B. Firearms fatalities in Samsun: 1999-2003. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2005;19 3 :11-6.
• Arslan MM, Duru M, Kuvandik G, Bozkurt S, Kaya E. Analysis of suicide attempt cases in Hatay. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2008;22 3 :9-14.
• Kumral B, Büyük Y, Melez DO, EsenMelez İ, Şahin F, Şahin E, Gündoğmuş ÜN. Evaulation of railway related deaths for which autopsies were performed in Istanbul. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2014;28 3 :208-22.
• Delice M. The investigation of suicides in the South Eastern Anatolia: The Batman City example. Atatürk University Journal of Social Sciences 2012;16 1 :266-76.
• Durkheim É. Suicide [in Turkish]1stEdition. Istanbul: Pozitif Publishing, 2013: p.1-468.
• Nordentoft M. Prevention of suicide and attempted suicide in Denmark: Epidemilogical studies of suicide and intervention studies in selected risk groups. Dan Med Bul 2007;54 4 :306-69.
• Odağ C. Suicide, Definition-Theory-Treatment [in Turkish] 2nd Edition. Izmir: Halime Odağ Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Foundation Publications 2002: p.1-120.
• Güçlü F. Suicide: Rise of Despair [in Turkish]3rd Edition. Istanbul: Sabev Publishing, 2001.
• Arkun N. Pyschodynamics of Suicides [in Turkish] 2nd Edition. Istanbul: Daculty of Arts Publishing, 1978.
• Turkish Statistical Institute TÜİK . TÜİK Suicide Statistics 2000-2013.Available at http://www.tuik.gov.tr. cited: 20 June 2014
• Erkol Z, YücelBeyaztaş F, Büken B, Erkol H. The analy- sis of suicidal deaths cases in Kahramanmaraş City. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2007;4 7 :7-16.
• Günay Y, Yenilmez Ç, Seber G, Kaptanoğlu C. Evaluation of the suicide cases between the years 1997-1999 in Eskisehir District. Crisis Journal 2001;9 2 :1-10.
• World Health Organization WHO . Programmes, Mental Health, Maps, Interactive Map. Available at: http://www.who. int/mental_health/suicideprevention/en/http://gamapserver. who.int/gho/interactive_charts/mental_health/suicide_rates/ atlas.html. cited: 20 February 2014 .
• Rao AV. India. In: Headley LA ed. Suicide in Asia and The Near East1st Edition: California: University of California Press, 1983:210-37.
• Lee H J. States of Suffering: Female Suicide, Subjectivity, and Sate Power in Rural North China. Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Washington University in St. Louis, 2009: p.363.
• Maris RW. Overview of The Study of Suicide Assessment and Prediction. In: Maris RW, Berman AL, Maltsberger JT, Yufit RI eds. Assessment and Prediction of Suicide. New York: The Guilford Press, 1992:3-24.
• Deniz İ, Ersöz A G, İldeş N, Türkarslan N. A Study on suicides and suicide attempts in the official records of the province of Batman during the period 1995-2000. Turkish Republic Prime Ministry Head Research Association Education and Culture Research Journal 2001;1 4 :27-48.
• Yavuz Y, Yürümez Y, Küçüker H, Demirel R, Küçük E. Evaluation of suicidal deaths. Genel Tıp Derg 2006;16 4 :181-5.
• Palabıyıkoğlu R, Azizoğlu S, Özayer H, Ercan A. Evaluation of family factors functions on suicide attempters. Crisis Journal 1993;1 2 :69-75
• Stack S. Suicide: A 15‐year review of the sociological literature, Part I: Cultural and economic factors. Suicide LifeThreat Behav 2000;30 2 :145-62.
• Oto R, Özkan M, Altındağ A. Suicide in Batman, Southeastern Turkey. Suicide Life-Threat Behav 2005;35 4 :478- 82.
• Aydemir E. Marriage or Playing ? Early and Forced Marriages, Child Brides. International Strategic Research Association, Report No: 11- 08. International Strategic Research Institution ISRI Reports No:11-08. 1. Edition. Ankara: USAK Publications; 2011.
• Yaşar MR. Feminine gender depression. Asos Journal 2007;17 2 :251-81.
• Eskin M. Suicide, Explanation, Evaulation, Treatment and Prevention [in Turkish]. Ankara: HYB Publications; 2012.
• Jamison K R. Early Darkness: Understanding Suicide [in Turkish] 1stEdition. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Publications, 2004.
• Umut Vakfı Reports, Individual Arming in Turkey and World. Available at:http://www.umut.org.tr/raporlar2/. cited: 3 February 2015 .
• Yıldırım A, Özer E. Suicide by shotgun: A case report. J Contemp Med 2001;1 1 :29-34.
• DiMaio VJ. Gunshot Wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Balistics and Forensic Techniques 2ndEdition. Cleveland: CRC Press LLC, 1999.
• Jin J L, Tsung HL. Suicide mortality trends by sex, age, and method in Taiwan, 1971-2005. BMC Public Health 2008;8 6 :1.
• Kozacı N, Akpınar AA, Satar S, İçme F. Causes of death and treatment of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. JAEM 2012;11 3 :176-82.
• Oner S, Yenilmez C, Ozdamar K. Sex-related differences in methods of and reasons for suicide in Turkey between 1990 and 2010. J Int Med Res 2015; 43 4 :483-93.
• Durak BA. Sucide Risk and Gender: An evaluation of suicide in respect to interpersonal relation style, reasons for living and hopelessness. Turk J Psychol 2008;23 62 :65-75.