Adli Vaka ve Adli Delil Yönetimi Eğitimi: Paramedik Öğrenci Örneği

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı paramedik öğrencilerine adli vaka ve delil yönetimi eğitimi vermek ve eğitimin öğrencilerin bilgi düzeyine etkisini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Çalışma ön test-son test yarı deneysel modelde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2023/2024 akademik yılında Türkiye’deki bir üniversitenin İlk ve Acil Yardım Programı 1. ve 2. sınıfında öğrenim gören 144 gönüllü paramedik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, eğitimden önce ve sonra uygulanan bir anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Olay Yeri Adli Delil Yönetimi Eğitimi teorik bilgi ve vaka çalışmalarını içermektedir. Veriler SPSS 29.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin eğitim öncesi bilgi puan ortalaması 13.82 ± 3.55 iken, eğitim sonrasında bu puan 21.38 ± 2.13’e yükselmiştir. Eğitim öncesi ve sonrası bilgi puanları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Eğitim sonrasında öğrencilerin adli vaka olarak rapor edilmesi gereken durumları doğru tespit etme oranı %88,9’dan %99,3’e yükselmiştir. Olay yerinde delil olarak değerlendirilebilecek bulguları doğru tespit etme oranı ise eğitim sonrasında %100’e ulaşmıştır. Eğitim, öğrencilerin ateşli silah yaralanmaları, ası vakaları ve cinsel istismar vakalarında adli delil yönetimi konusundaki bilgi düzeylerini önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Sonuç: Özellikle ateşli silah yaralanmaları, asılma ve cinsel saldırı vakaları gibi spesifik adli vakalarda bilgi düzeyindeki artış dikkat çekicidir. Bu durum, bu tür eğitimlerin paramediklerin adli vakalara daha doğru ve bilinçli bir şekilde müdahale etmelerini sağlayacağını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Paramedik
• Öğrenci
• Eğitim
• Adli vaka
• Delil zinciri
• Olay yeri

Forensic Case and Forensic Evidence Management Training: Paramedic Student Example

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to provide forensic case and evidence management training to paramedic students and to evaluate the effect of the training on the knowledge level of the students. Methods: The study was designed as a pretest/posttest quasi-experimental model. The study sample consisted of 144 volunteer paramedic students studying in the 1st and 2nd year of the First and Emergency Aid Program of a university in Turkey in the 2023/2024 academic year. Data were collected using a questionnaire form administered before and after the training. Crime Scene Forensic Evidence Management Training includes theoretical knowledge and case studies. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 29.0 program. Results: The mean knowledge score of the students before the training was 13.82 ± 3.55, while this score increased to 21.38 ± 2.13 after the training. The difference between pre-and post-training knowledge scores was statistically significant. After the training, the rate of students correctly identifying situations that should be reported as forensic cases increased from 88.9% to 99.3%. The rate of correctly identifying the findings that can be considered as evidence at the crime scene reached 100% after the training. The training significantly increased the students’ level of knowledge on forensic evidence management in cases of gunshot injuries, hanging, and sexual abuse. Conclusion: The increase in the level of knowledge in specific forensic cases, such as gunshot injuries, hangings, and sexual assault, is particularly noteworthy. This situation suggests that this typ of training may enable paramedics to intervene in forensic cases more accurately and consciously.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Paramedic
• student
• training
• forensic case
• chain of evidence
• crime scene.

Kaynakça

1. Asci O, Hazar G, Sercan I. The Approach of Prehospital Health Care Personnel Working at Emergency Stations Towards Forensic Cases. Turk J Emerg Med. 2015 Nov 17;15(3):131-5. PMID: 27239611; PMCID: PMC4878135, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjem.2015.11.007
2. Julian R, Kelty SF, Forensic Science as “Risky Business”: İdentifying Key Risk Factors in the Forensic Process from Crime Scene to Court, J Criminol Res Pol Pract 2015; 1 (4): 195–206, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JCRPP-09-2015-0044
3. Turkish Penal Code, Article 280-281, Law no: 5237, Acceptance: 26.09.2004). (Internet). (accessed 18 December 2024), https://mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuatmetin/1.5.5237.pdf
4. Gülekçi Y, Ay EN, Şener H, Yüksek FE, Evaluation of Emergency Health Services Personnel’s Approach to Forensic Cases: Cross-sectional Study. Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2024;21(3):139-49, http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/forensic.2024-103780
5. Craig W, Hartnady N, Naidoo N, Martin LJ, Artz L. Paramedic educational interventions for out-of-hospital domestic and intimate partner violence cases: A scoping review. Paramedicine. 2024;22(1):28-38. doi:10.1177/27536386241265416
6. Doğan M, Şenol V, Comparıson of Emergency Health Care Provıders Prehospıtal Approach to Forensıc Cases” Journal of Pre-Hospital, 2017;2(2):79-89, https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hod/issue/31941/351628 (accessed 14 September 2024)
7. Caliskan N, Karadag M, Yildirim N, Bingol U. Determination of the Knowledge Level of Health Care Staff Working in Pre-hospital Emergency Health Services on the Recognition of a Forensic Case. Aust J Forensıc SCI, 2014;46(1):64-72, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00450618.2013.788682
8. HuabbangyangT, Kulnides N. The Perceptions of Roles and Understanding about Forensic Evidence and Crime Scene Preservation of Thai Paramedics, Siriraj Medical Journal, 2021;73(10):661-671, http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/Smj.2021.85

9. Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE, Tatham RL, (2013). Multivariate Data Analysis: Pearson Education Limited.
10. Doğan MB, Güçhan AS, Cömert IT, Erkan I, Ozar ÖK, Daştan K, Yükseloğlu EH. Emergency Healthcare Teams’ Approach to Crime Scene and Evidences in Forensic Cases: A Descriptive Study in Turkey. Forensic Science Policy & Management: An International Journal, 2013;4(3-4):87-95, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2013.868063
11. Emergency Health Services Personnel’s Approach to Material Evidence in Forensic Cases Training and Cooperation Protocol. (acessed 12 January 2025), https://dosyamerkez.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/41515/0/2--ash-personelinin-adli-vakalarda-maddi-delillere-yaklasimiustyazipdf.pdf
12. Daibes MA, Alsadi MR, Alruwaili MM, et al. Knowledge about crime scenes and evidence management among emergency medical team professionals. BMC Emerg Med. 2025;25(1):75. Published 2025 May 2. doi:10.1186/s12873-025-01230-y
13. Aydın AC. Legal Case Approach Algorıthm of Pre-Hospıtal Emergency Medıcal Team In Turkey İstanbul: Üsküdar University, 2020, (Unpublished Thesis). İstanbul. (accessed 14 April 2024), file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/619677%20(1).pdf
14. Albishri SB, Albednah FA, Alenazi NS, Alsubaie NE, Elserafy OS. National assessment of emergency staff level of practice in the management of forensic evidence. Forensic Sci Res. 2023;8(3):265-273. Published 2023 Aug 11. doi:10.1093/fsr/owad024
15. Ghatora B, Renshaw L, Burrell L, Doran D. Interprofessional learning across the forensic science and paramedic science degrees. Journal of Forensic Research and Analysis, (2017). 1(1). doi:10.16966/ jfra.105
16. Donaldson AE. New Zealand emergency nurses knowledge about forensic science and its application to practice. Int Emerg Nurs. 2020;53:100854. doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2020.100854
17. World Health Organization (WHO). Violence against women, (accessed 25 March 2024). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women#:~:text=Estimates%20published%20by%20WHO%20indicate,sexual%20violence%20in%20their%20lifetime
18. Rabiais I, Rosas A, Sousa L, Gonçalves S, Monteiro P, Deodato S, Severino S. Nurses’ Responsibilities Towards Victims of Violence in the Preservation of Forensic Traces and Evidence: A Scoping Review. Emergency Care and Medicine. 2025; 2(2):28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecm2020028
19. Sawyer S, Coles J, Williams A, Lucas P, Williams B. Paramedic Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preparedness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Patients. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2017;21(6):750-760. doi:10.1080/10903127.2017.1332125
20. Gihwala, R. 2016. Out-of-hospital assessment and management of rape survivors by pre-hospital emergency care providers in the Western Cape. University of Cape Town.