BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Light Curing Units Used for Polymerization of Resin Restorative Materials

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 109 - 115, 01.03.2008

Çiğdem Çelik Yonca Özel

Öz

Visible light-cured materials including resin composites, resin modified glass ionomers, polyacid modified resin composites, ormocers, fissur sealants, dentin bonding agents are widely used in dentistry. Today, there are a range of light-curing units, such as conventional quartztungsten-halogen QTH , light-emitting diode LED , plasma arc PAC and laser. These curing-units may have some advantages and disadvantages owing to type of the light source. Additionally, these light curing units may have potential biological harmfull effects to tooth structure and the clinician

Anahtar Kelimeler

Resin restorative materials polymerization light curing units

Kaynakça

  • Bassiouny MA, Grant AA. A visible light-cured compos- ite restorative. Clinical open assessment. Br Dent J. 45: 330, 1978.
  • Asmussen E. Factors affecting the quantity of remain- ing double bonds in restorative resin polymers. Scand J Dent Res. 90 : 490-496, 1982.
  • Caughman WF, Caughman GB, Shiflett RA, Ruegge- berg F, Schuster GS. Correlation of cytotoxicity, filler loading and curing time of dental composites. Biomate- rials 12: 737-740, 1991.
  • Ferracane JL, Mitchem JC, Condon JR, Todd R.Wear and marginal breakdown of composites with various degrees of cure. J Dent Res. 76 : 1508-1516, 1997.
  • Pearson GJ, Longman CM. Water sorption and solu- bility of resin-based materials following inadequate polymerization by a visible-light curing system. J Oral Rehabil.16:57-61, 1989.
  • Bayne SC, Thompson JY, Taylor DF. Dental materials. ‘Sturdevant’s,The art and science of operative dentistry’ (Ed. T.M. Robenson, H.O. Heymann, E.J. Swift), IV. Baskı, Mosby Inc.,Missouri, 2002;133-234.
  • Althoff O, Hartung M. Advances in light curing. Am. J. Dent. 13(special no.):77D-81D, 2000.
  • Ikemura K, Endo T. Effect on adhesion of new polymer- ization initiator systems comprising 5-monosubstituted barbituric acids, aromatic sulphonate amides, and tert- butyl peroxymaleic acid in dental adhesives resin. J Appl Polym Sci. 72:1655-1668, 1999.
  • Rueggeberg FA, Caughman WF, Curtis JW Jr. A pre- dictive model for the polymerization of photo-activated resin composites. Int J Prosthodont. 7:159-166,1994.
  • Atmadja G, Bryant RW. Some factors influencing the depth of cure of visible light-activated composite resins. Aust Dent J 35: 213-218, 1990.
  • Leonard DL, Charlton DG, Roberts HR, Hilton TJ, Zionic A. Determination of the minimum irradiance required for adequate polymerization of a hybrid and a microfill composite. Oper Dent 26: 176-180, 2001.
  • Albers HF. Resin polymerization. ‘Tooth-colored restor- atives: Principles and techniques’, IX. Baskı, BC Becker Inc, Hamilton/London. 2002; 81-110.
  • Matsumoto H, Gres JE, Marker VA, Okabe T, Ferra- cane JL, Harvey GA. Depth of cure of visible light-cured resin: clinical simulation. J Prosthet Dent. 55: 574-578, Şener Y, Şengün A, Koyutürk AE. Farklı ışık kaynaklarıyla polimerize edilen kompozit rezin mate- ryalin mikrosertliği. Ondokuz Mayıs Üni. Dişhek. Fak. Derg. 6: 3-7, 2005.
  • Miyazaki M, Hattori T, Ichiishi Y, Kondo M, Onose H, Moore BK. Evaluation of curing units used in private dental offices. Oper Dent 23: 50-54, 1998.
  • Leonard DL, Charlton DG, Hilton TJ. Effect of curing-tip diameter on the accuracy of dental radiometers. Oper Dent 24: 31-37,1999.
  • Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA, Curtis JW. Clinical guidelines for photocuring restorative resins. J Am Dent Assoc.126:1280-1286, 1995.
  • Mehl A, Hickel R, Kunzelmann KH. Physical properties and gap formation of light-cured composites with and without ‚softstart-polymerization‘. J Dent 25:321-330, Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA. Shedding new light on composite polymerization. Oper Dent. 27:636-638, Price RBT, Felix CA, Andreou P. Knoop hardness of ten resin compositesirradiated with high-power LED and quartz-tungsten-halogen lights. Biomaterials 26:2631- , 2005.
  • Mills RW, Jandt KF, Ashworth SH. Dental composite depth of cure with halogen and blue light emitting diode technology. Br Dent J 186: 388-391, 1999.
  • Barghi N, Berry T, Hatton C. Evaluating intensity output of curing lights in private dental offices. J Am Dent As- soc. 125:992-996, 1994.
  • Dunn WJ, Bush AC. A comparison of polymerization by light-emitting diode and halogen-based light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 133: 335-341, 2002.
  • Cayless MA, Marsden AM. Tungsten halogen lamps. ‘ Lamps and lighting’, III. Baskı, Edward Arnold Ltd., Lon- don. 1983; 169-182.
  • Martin FE. A survey of the efficiency of visible light cur- ing units. J Dent. 26:239-243, 1998.
  • Shortall A, Harrington E. Guidelines for the selection, use and maintenance of visible light activation units. Br Dent J. 181: 383-387, 1996.
  • Price RBT, Felix CA, Andreou P. Evaluation of a second- generation LED curing light. J Can Dent Assoc 69:666, Haitz RH, Craford MG, Weissman RH, Light emitting diodes. In Bass M(ed) Handbook of optics. II. Baskı, McGraw Hill Inc, 1995, Pp12.1-12.39.
  • Stahl F, Ashworth SH, Jandt KD, Mills RW. Light emitting diode(LED) polymerization of dental composites: flexur- al properties and polymerization potential. Biomaterials :41-47, 2000.
  • Jandt KD, Mills RW, Blackwell GB, Ashworth SH. Depth of cure and compressive strength of dental composites cured with blue light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dent Mater. : 41-47, 2000.
  • Lee SY, Chiu CH, Boghosian A, Greener EH. Radiomet- ric and spectroradiometric comparison of power outputs of five visible light-curing units. J Dent 21: 373-377, Park SH, Kim SS, Cho YS, Lee SY, Noh BD. Comparison of linear polymerization shrinkage and microhardness between QTHcured & LED-cured composites. Oper Dent : 461-467, 2005.
  • Bouillaguet S, Caillot G, Forchelet J, Cattani-Lorente M, Wataha JC, Krejci I. Thermal risks from LED-and high- intensity QTH-curing units during polymerization of dental resins. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 72: 267, 2005.
  • Rahiotis C, Kakaboura A, Loukidis M, Vougiouklakis G. Curing efficiency of various types of light-curing units. Eur J Oral Sci; 112: 89-94, 2004.
  • Oberholzer TG, Pameijer CH, Grobler SR, Rossouw RJ. Effect of power density on shrinkage of dental resin ma- terials. Oper Dent 28: 622-627, 2003.
  • Moon HJ, Lee YK, Lim BS, Kim CW. Effect of various light curing methods on the leachability of uncured su- bstances and hardness of a composite resin. J Oral Re- habil 31: 258-64, 2004.
  • Fortin D, Vargas MA. The spectrum of composites: New techniques and materials. J Am Dent Assoc 131: 26- , 2000.
  • Peutzfeldt A, Sahafi A, Asmussen E. Characterization of resin composites polymerized with plasma arc curing units. Dent Mater 16: 330-336, 2000.
  • Stritikus J, Owens B. An in vitro study of microleaka- ge of occlusal composite restorations polymerized by a conventional curing light and a PAC curing light. J Clin Pediatr Dent 24: 221-227, 2000.
  • Ilie N, Felten K, Trixner K, Hickel R, Kunzelmann K-H. Shrinkage behavior of a resin-based composite irradia- ted with modern curing units. Dent Mater 21:483-489, Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Furch H, Bernhart S, Scha- malz G. Polymerization efficiency of different photocu- ring units through ceramic discs. Oper Dent 31:68-77, Lohbauer U, Rahiotis C, Kramer N, Petschelt A, Eliades G. The effect of different light-curing units on fatique behavior and degree of conversion of a resin composite. Dent Mater 21:608-615, 2005.
  • Rueggeberg FA, Ergle JW, Mettenburg DJ. Polymeri- zation depths of contemporary light-curing units using microhardness. J Esthet Dent 12: 340-349, 2000.
  • Fleming MG, Maillet WA. Photopolymerization of com- posite resin using the argon laser. J Can Dent Assoc 65: 50, 1999.
  • Lioret PR, Rode KM, Turbino ML. Dentine bond stren- gth of a composite resin polymerized with conventional light and argon laser. Pesqui Odontol Bras 18: 271- , 2004.
  • Vargas MA, Cobb DS, Schmit JL. Polymerization of composite resins: Argon laser vs conventional light. Oper Dent 23: 87-93, 1998.
  • Yazıcı AR, Dayangaç B. Diş Hekimliği ve Lazer. HÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 23: 20-29, 1998.
  • Miserendino LJ, Pick RM. Lasers in dentistry. Quintessen- ce Publishing Co, Inc; 1995, 17- 320.
  • Gonzales CD, Zakariasen KI, Dederich DN, Pruhs RJ. Rewiew article: lasers. Potential preventive and thera- peutic hard-tissue applications of CO2, Nd:YAG and argon lasers in dentistry: A review. ASDC J Dent Child : 196-207, 1996.
  • Visuri SR, Gilbert JL, Wright D.D, Wigdor H.A, Walsh JT. Shear strength of composite bonded to Er: YAG la- ser-prepared dentin. J Dent Res 75: 599-605, 1996.
  • Perry R, Kugel G, Kunzelman KH, Flessa HP, Estafan D. Composite restoration wear analysis: Conventional methods vs. three-dimensional laser digitizer. J Am Dent Assoc 131: 1472-8, 2000.
  • Kwon YH, Jang C, Shin D, Seol H, Kim H. The applica- bility of DPSS laser for light curing of composite resins. Lasers Med Sci. Sep 28; DOI 10.1007/S10103-007- 0, 2007.
  • Kelsey WP, Blankenau RJ, Powell GL, Barkmeier WW, Stormberg EFPower and time requirements for use of the argon laser to polymerize composite resins. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 10:273-8, 1992.
  • Telford W, Murga M, Hawley T, Hawley R, Packard B, Komoriya A, Haas F, Hubert C. DPSS yellow-green nm lasers for improved fluorochrome detection by flow cytometry. Cytometry A. 68: 36-44, 2005.
  • Midda M, Harper PR. Lasers in Dentistry. Br Dent J 11: 6, 1991.
  • Myers ML. The effect of laser irradiation on oral tissues. J Prosthet Dent 66: 395-7, 1991.
  • Gökay O, Yoldaş Ç. Işık ile polimerize olan restoratif materyallerin polimerizasyonları esnasında pulpa oda- sında oluşurdukları ısı değişimlerinin in vitro değerlendi- rilmesi. AÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 27: 37-43, 2000.
  • Goodis HE, White JM, Gamm B, Watanabe L. Pulp chamber temperature changes with visible-light-cured composites in vitro. Dent Mater 6: 99-102, 1990.
  • Gökay O. Işık ile polimerize olan çeşitli kaide materyal- lerinin polimerizasyonları sırasında, pulpada oluştur- dukları ısının invitro değerlendirilmesi. AÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 20: 7-11, 1993.
  • Bouillaguet S, Caillot G, Forchelet J, Cattani-Lorente M, Wataha JC, Krejci I. Thermal risks from LED-and high- intensity QTH-curing units during polymerization of dental resins. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 72: 267, 2005.
  • Vandewalle KS, Roberts HW, Tiba A, Charlton DG. Thermal emission and curing efficiency of LED and ha- logen curing lights. Oper Dent 30: 257-264, 2005.
  • Ozturk B, Ozturk AN, Usumez A, Usumez S, Ozer F. Temperature rise during adhesive and resin composite polymerization with various light curing sources. Oper Dent 29: 325-32, 2004;.
  • Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A. Temperature rise induced by some light emitting diode and quartz-tungstren-halogen curing units. Eur J Oral Sci 113: 96-8, 2005.
  • Kavaguchi M, Fukushima T, Miyazaki K. The relations- hip between cure depth and transmission coefficient of visible-lightactivated resin composites. J Dent Res 73: 21, 1994.
  • Munksgaard EC, Peutzfeldt A, Asmussen E. Elution of TEGDMA and BisGMA from a resin and a resin compo- site cured with halogen or plasma light. Eur J Oral Sci : 341-5, 2000.
  • Lloyd CH, Scrimgeour SN, Chudek JA, Hunter G, Mac- Kay RL. The application of magnetic resonance micro- imaging to the visible light curing of dental resins. Part Dynamic imaging by the flashmovie pulse sequence. Dent Mater 17: 170-177, 2001.
  • Spagnuolo G, Annunziata M, Rengo S. Cytotoxicity and oxidative stres caused by dental adhesive systems cured with halogen and LED lights. Clin Oral Investig 8: 81-5, Hanks CT, Wataha JC, Parsell RR, Strawn SE, Fat JC. Permeability of biological and molecules through denti- ne. J Oral Rehabil 21: 475-87, 1994.
  • Uhl A, Völpel A, Sigusch BW. Influence of heat from light curing units and dental composite polymerization on cells in vitro. J Dent 34:298-306, 2006.
  • Tanoue N, Matsumara H, Atsuta M. The influence of ultraviolet intensity on curing depth of photo-activated composite veneering materials. J Oral Rehabil 25: 770- , 1998.
  • Ham WT. Ocular hazards of light sources: review of current knowledge. J Occup Med 25:101-103, 1983.
  • Zigman S, Vaugh T. Near-ultraviolet light effects on the lenses and retinas of mice. Invest Ophthalmol 13:165- , 1974.
  • Berry EA 3rd, Pitts DG, Francisco PR, von der Lehr WN. An evaluation of lenses designed to block light emit- ted by light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 112: 70-2, Stanford SK, Wozniak WT, Fan PL.Evaluation of light transmission characteristics of protective eyeglasses for visible light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 113: 770-2.

Rezin Restoratif Materyallerin Polimerizasyonunda Kullanılan Işık Kaynakları

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 109 - 115, 01.03.2008

Çiğdem Çelik Yonca Özel

Öz

Kompozit rezinler, rezin modifiye cam iyonomerler, poliasit modifiye kompozit rezinler, ormoserler, fissür örtücüler, dentin bonding ajanlar gibi ışıkla polimerize olan materyaller dişhekimliğinde yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde, geleneksel quartz-tungsten-halojen QTH , light-emitting-diode LED , plazma ark PAC ve lazer ışık kaynakları gibi pek çok farklı ışık kaynakları bulunmaktadır. Bu cihazların ışık kaynağının tipine göre pek çok avantaj ve dezavantajı vardır. Bununla birlikte, ışık kaynaklarının diş dokusuna ve hekime potansiyel biyolojik zararlı etkileri bulunmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rezin restoratif materyaller polimerizasyon ışık kaynakları

Kaynakça

  • Bassiouny MA, Grant AA. A visible light-cured compos- ite restorative. Clinical open assessment. Br Dent J. 45: 330, 1978.
  • Asmussen E. Factors affecting the quantity of remain- ing double bonds in restorative resin polymers. Scand J Dent Res. 90 : 490-496, 1982.
  • Caughman WF, Caughman GB, Shiflett RA, Ruegge- berg F, Schuster GS. Correlation of cytotoxicity, filler loading and curing time of dental composites. Biomate- rials 12: 737-740, 1991.
  • Ferracane JL, Mitchem JC, Condon JR, Todd R.Wear and marginal breakdown of composites with various degrees of cure. J Dent Res. 76 : 1508-1516, 1997.
  • Pearson GJ, Longman CM. Water sorption and solu- bility of resin-based materials following inadequate polymerization by a visible-light curing system. J Oral Rehabil.16:57-61, 1989.
  • Bayne SC, Thompson JY, Taylor DF. Dental materials. ‘Sturdevant’s,The art and science of operative dentistry’ (Ed. T.M. Robenson, H.O. Heymann, E.J. Swift), IV. Baskı, Mosby Inc.,Missouri, 2002;133-234.
  • Althoff O, Hartung M. Advances in light curing. Am. J. Dent. 13(special no.):77D-81D, 2000.
  • Ikemura K, Endo T. Effect on adhesion of new polymer- ization initiator systems comprising 5-monosubstituted barbituric acids, aromatic sulphonate amides, and tert- butyl peroxymaleic acid in dental adhesives resin. J Appl Polym Sci. 72:1655-1668, 1999.
  • Rueggeberg FA, Caughman WF, Curtis JW Jr. A pre- dictive model for the polymerization of photo-activated resin composites. Int J Prosthodont. 7:159-166,1994.
  • Atmadja G, Bryant RW. Some factors influencing the depth of cure of visible light-activated composite resins. Aust Dent J 35: 213-218, 1990.
  • Leonard DL, Charlton DG, Roberts HR, Hilton TJ, Zionic A. Determination of the minimum irradiance required for adequate polymerization of a hybrid and a microfill composite. Oper Dent 26: 176-180, 2001.
  • Albers HF. Resin polymerization. ‘Tooth-colored restor- atives: Principles and techniques’, IX. Baskı, BC Becker Inc, Hamilton/London. 2002; 81-110.
  • Matsumoto H, Gres JE, Marker VA, Okabe T, Ferra- cane JL, Harvey GA. Depth of cure of visible light-cured resin: clinical simulation. J Prosthet Dent. 55: 574-578, Şener Y, Şengün A, Koyutürk AE. Farklı ışık kaynaklarıyla polimerize edilen kompozit rezin mate- ryalin mikrosertliği. Ondokuz Mayıs Üni. Dişhek. Fak. Derg. 6: 3-7, 2005.
  • Miyazaki M, Hattori T, Ichiishi Y, Kondo M, Onose H, Moore BK. Evaluation of curing units used in private dental offices. Oper Dent 23: 50-54, 1998.
  • Leonard DL, Charlton DG, Hilton TJ. Effect of curing-tip diameter on the accuracy of dental radiometers. Oper Dent 24: 31-37,1999.
  • Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA, Curtis JW. Clinical guidelines for photocuring restorative resins. J Am Dent Assoc.126:1280-1286, 1995.
  • Mehl A, Hickel R, Kunzelmann KH. Physical properties and gap formation of light-cured composites with and without ‚softstart-polymerization‘. J Dent 25:321-330, Caughman WF, Rueggeberg FA. Shedding new light on composite polymerization. Oper Dent. 27:636-638, Price RBT, Felix CA, Andreou P. Knoop hardness of ten resin compositesirradiated with high-power LED and quartz-tungsten-halogen lights. Biomaterials 26:2631- , 2005.
  • Mills RW, Jandt KF, Ashworth SH. Dental composite depth of cure with halogen and blue light emitting diode technology. Br Dent J 186: 388-391, 1999.
  • Barghi N, Berry T, Hatton C. Evaluating intensity output of curing lights in private dental offices. J Am Dent As- soc. 125:992-996, 1994.
  • Dunn WJ, Bush AC. A comparison of polymerization by light-emitting diode and halogen-based light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 133: 335-341, 2002.
  • Cayless MA, Marsden AM. Tungsten halogen lamps. ‘ Lamps and lighting’, III. Baskı, Edward Arnold Ltd., Lon- don. 1983; 169-182.
  • Martin FE. A survey of the efficiency of visible light cur- ing units. J Dent. 26:239-243, 1998.
  • Shortall A, Harrington E. Guidelines for the selection, use and maintenance of visible light activation units. Br Dent J. 181: 383-387, 1996.
  • Price RBT, Felix CA, Andreou P. Evaluation of a second- generation LED curing light. J Can Dent Assoc 69:666, Haitz RH, Craford MG, Weissman RH, Light emitting diodes. In Bass M(ed) Handbook of optics. II. Baskı, McGraw Hill Inc, 1995, Pp12.1-12.39.
  • Stahl F, Ashworth SH, Jandt KD, Mills RW. Light emitting diode(LED) polymerization of dental composites: flexur- al properties and polymerization potential. Biomaterials :41-47, 2000.
  • Jandt KD, Mills RW, Blackwell GB, Ashworth SH. Depth of cure and compressive strength of dental composites cured with blue light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dent Mater. : 41-47, 2000.
  • Lee SY, Chiu CH, Boghosian A, Greener EH. Radiomet- ric and spectroradiometric comparison of power outputs of five visible light-curing units. J Dent 21: 373-377, Park SH, Kim SS, Cho YS, Lee SY, Noh BD. Comparison of linear polymerization shrinkage and microhardness between QTHcured & LED-cured composites. Oper Dent : 461-467, 2005.
  • Bouillaguet S, Caillot G, Forchelet J, Cattani-Lorente M, Wataha JC, Krejci I. Thermal risks from LED-and high- intensity QTH-curing units during polymerization of dental resins. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 72: 267, 2005.
  • Rahiotis C, Kakaboura A, Loukidis M, Vougiouklakis G. Curing efficiency of various types of light-curing units. Eur J Oral Sci; 112: 89-94, 2004.
  • Oberholzer TG, Pameijer CH, Grobler SR, Rossouw RJ. Effect of power density on shrinkage of dental resin ma- terials. Oper Dent 28: 622-627, 2003.
  • Moon HJ, Lee YK, Lim BS, Kim CW. Effect of various light curing methods on the leachability of uncured su- bstances and hardness of a composite resin. J Oral Re- habil 31: 258-64, 2004.
  • Fortin D, Vargas MA. The spectrum of composites: New techniques and materials. J Am Dent Assoc 131: 26- , 2000.
  • Peutzfeldt A, Sahafi A, Asmussen E. Characterization of resin composites polymerized with plasma arc curing units. Dent Mater 16: 330-336, 2000.
  • Stritikus J, Owens B. An in vitro study of microleaka- ge of occlusal composite restorations polymerized by a conventional curing light and a PAC curing light. J Clin Pediatr Dent 24: 221-227, 2000.
  • Ilie N, Felten K, Trixner K, Hickel R, Kunzelmann K-H. Shrinkage behavior of a resin-based composite irradia- ted with modern curing units. Dent Mater 21:483-489, Jung H, Friedl KH, Hiller KA, Furch H, Bernhart S, Scha- malz G. Polymerization efficiency of different photocu- ring units through ceramic discs. Oper Dent 31:68-77, Lohbauer U, Rahiotis C, Kramer N, Petschelt A, Eliades G. The effect of different light-curing units on fatique behavior and degree of conversion of a resin composite. Dent Mater 21:608-615, 2005.
  • Rueggeberg FA, Ergle JW, Mettenburg DJ. Polymeri- zation depths of contemporary light-curing units using microhardness. J Esthet Dent 12: 340-349, 2000.
  • Fleming MG, Maillet WA. Photopolymerization of com- posite resin using the argon laser. J Can Dent Assoc 65: 50, 1999.
  • Lioret PR, Rode KM, Turbino ML. Dentine bond stren- gth of a composite resin polymerized with conventional light and argon laser. Pesqui Odontol Bras 18: 271- , 2004.
  • Vargas MA, Cobb DS, Schmit JL. Polymerization of composite resins: Argon laser vs conventional light. Oper Dent 23: 87-93, 1998.
  • Yazıcı AR, Dayangaç B. Diş Hekimliği ve Lazer. HÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 23: 20-29, 1998.
  • Miserendino LJ, Pick RM. Lasers in dentistry. Quintessen- ce Publishing Co, Inc; 1995, 17- 320.
  • Gonzales CD, Zakariasen KI, Dederich DN, Pruhs RJ. Rewiew article: lasers. Potential preventive and thera- peutic hard-tissue applications of CO2, Nd:YAG and argon lasers in dentistry: A review. ASDC J Dent Child : 196-207, 1996.
  • Visuri SR, Gilbert JL, Wright D.D, Wigdor H.A, Walsh JT. Shear strength of composite bonded to Er: YAG la- ser-prepared dentin. J Dent Res 75: 599-605, 1996.
  • Perry R, Kugel G, Kunzelman KH, Flessa HP, Estafan D. Composite restoration wear analysis: Conventional methods vs. three-dimensional laser digitizer. J Am Dent Assoc 131: 1472-8, 2000.
  • Kwon YH, Jang C, Shin D, Seol H, Kim H. The applica- bility of DPSS laser for light curing of composite resins. Lasers Med Sci. Sep 28; DOI 10.1007/S10103-007- 0, 2007.
  • Kelsey WP, Blankenau RJ, Powell GL, Barkmeier WW, Stormberg EFPower and time requirements for use of the argon laser to polymerize composite resins. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 10:273-8, 1992.
  • Telford W, Murga M, Hawley T, Hawley R, Packard B, Komoriya A, Haas F, Hubert C. DPSS yellow-green nm lasers for improved fluorochrome detection by flow cytometry. Cytometry A. 68: 36-44, 2005.
  • Midda M, Harper PR. Lasers in Dentistry. Br Dent J 11: 6, 1991.
  • Myers ML. The effect of laser irradiation on oral tissues. J Prosthet Dent 66: 395-7, 1991.
  • Gökay O, Yoldaş Ç. Işık ile polimerize olan restoratif materyallerin polimerizasyonları esnasında pulpa oda- sında oluşurdukları ısı değişimlerinin in vitro değerlendi- rilmesi. AÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 27: 37-43, 2000.
  • Goodis HE, White JM, Gamm B, Watanabe L. Pulp chamber temperature changes with visible-light-cured composites in vitro. Dent Mater 6: 99-102, 1990.
  • Gökay O. Işık ile polimerize olan çeşitli kaide materyal- lerinin polimerizasyonları sırasında, pulpada oluştur- dukları ısının invitro değerlendirilmesi. AÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 20: 7-11, 1993.
  • Bouillaguet S, Caillot G, Forchelet J, Cattani-Lorente M, Wataha JC, Krejci I. Thermal risks from LED-and high- intensity QTH-curing units during polymerization of dental resins. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 72: 267, 2005.
  • Vandewalle KS, Roberts HW, Tiba A, Charlton DG. Thermal emission and curing efficiency of LED and ha- logen curing lights. Oper Dent 30: 257-264, 2005.
  • Ozturk B, Ozturk AN, Usumez A, Usumez S, Ozer F. Temperature rise during adhesive and resin composite polymerization with various light curing sources. Oper Dent 29: 325-32, 2004;.
  • Asmussen E, Peutzfeldt A. Temperature rise induced by some light emitting diode and quartz-tungstren-halogen curing units. Eur J Oral Sci 113: 96-8, 2005.
  • Kavaguchi M, Fukushima T, Miyazaki K. The relations- hip between cure depth and transmission coefficient of visible-lightactivated resin composites. J Dent Res 73: 21, 1994.
  • Munksgaard EC, Peutzfeldt A, Asmussen E. Elution of TEGDMA and BisGMA from a resin and a resin compo- site cured with halogen or plasma light. Eur J Oral Sci : 341-5, 2000.
  • Lloyd CH, Scrimgeour SN, Chudek JA, Hunter G, Mac- Kay RL. The application of magnetic resonance micro- imaging to the visible light curing of dental resins. Part Dynamic imaging by the flashmovie pulse sequence. Dent Mater 17: 170-177, 2001.
  • Spagnuolo G, Annunziata M, Rengo S. Cytotoxicity and oxidative stres caused by dental adhesive systems cured with halogen and LED lights. Clin Oral Investig 8: 81-5, Hanks CT, Wataha JC, Parsell RR, Strawn SE, Fat JC. Permeability of biological and molecules through denti- ne. J Oral Rehabil 21: 475-87, 1994.
  • Uhl A, Völpel A, Sigusch BW. Influence of heat from light curing units and dental composite polymerization on cells in vitro. J Dent 34:298-306, 2006.
  • Tanoue N, Matsumara H, Atsuta M. The influence of ultraviolet intensity on curing depth of photo-activated composite veneering materials. J Oral Rehabil 25: 770- , 1998.
  • Ham WT. Ocular hazards of light sources: review of current knowledge. J Occup Med 25:101-103, 1983.
  • Zigman S, Vaugh T. Near-ultraviolet light effects on the lenses and retinas of mice. Invest Ophthalmol 13:165- , 1974.
  • Berry EA 3rd, Pitts DG, Francisco PR, von der Lehr WN. An evaluation of lenses designed to block light emit- ted by light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 112: 70-2, Stanford SK, Wozniak WT, Fan PL.Evaluation of light transmission characteristics of protective eyeglasses for visible light-curing units. J Am Dent Assoc. 113: 770-2.
Toplam 65 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Çiğdem Çelik Bu kişi benim

Yonca Özel Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2008
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Çelik Ç, Özel Y. Rezin Restoratif Materyallerin Polimerizasyonunda Kullanılan Işık Kaynakları. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi. 2008;2(2):109-15.