Coding Historical Landscape Character: The Case of Büyük Menderes Delta

Öz

The aim of the study is to develop a method for determining the coding and landscape pattern historical layers in the mapping method on the historical landscape character and to reveal the contribution of the cooperation of archaeology and landscape architecture professional disciplines on this axis. In this context; although the historical past goes back thousands of years, archaeological studies and findings obtained for this research allowed us to research the 2700-year historical past. When our area is examined, the Büyük Menderes Delta, which is rich in terms of flora and fauna and where landscape pattern changes and transitions are seen intensively, was selected as the study area because it has a historical landscape character. When its historical past is examined, it provides enlightening information about the changes in landscape pattern, settlement and economic development of the local people. In this sense, this study will also open a horizon for environmental archaeology. When we look at the historical landscape character studies conducted in the world and Turkey, it is seen that there is no specific coding system. The coding made in this study will be a prototype for HLCAn (Historical Landscape Character Analysis) studies. Is it possible to make a mapping covering all historical and archaeological layers in areas with deep-rooted historical and archaeological pasts such as Anatolia? In other words, can all historical layers be presented together on a prepared map? The questions of what should be the terminology that will include different layers of history in HLCAN's mapping were sought. The study method is composed of the study principles of historical landscape character analysis and similar studies and field-specific research. The findings obtained during the research were combined in the ArcGIS environment and a historical mapping was made; In this mapping, a coding system was developed based on the CORINE LU/LC infrastructure and similar studies. Since the research evolved into an original study in terms of expressing a 2700-year historical past on the same map and transferring landscape pattern changes as well as historical and archaeological elements, it is thought that it will contribute to scientific literature and further studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• historical Lanscape Character
• Büyük Menderes Deltası
• Landscape
• Archaeology
• Multilayered Lanndscape

Tarihi Peyzaj Karakterinin Kodlanması: Büyük Menderes Deltası Örneği

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, tarihi peyzaj karakteri konusunda haritalama yönteminde bulunan kodlama ve peyzaj deseni tarihi katmanlarının belirlenmesi konusunda bir yöntem geliştirilmesi ve bu eksende arkeoloji ve peyzaj mimarlığı meslek disiplinleri işbirliğinin katkısının ortaya konulmasıdır. Bu bağlamda; tarihi geçmişi binlerce yıl eskiye gitmesine rağmen bu araştırma için arkeojeolojik çalışmalar ve elde bulgular 2700 yıllık tarih geçmişine araştırmamıza olanak vermiştir. Alanımız incelendiğinde flora fauna bakımında zengin, peyzaj deseni değişim ve geçişlerinin yoğun olarak görüldüğü Büyük Menderes Deltası tarihi bir peyzaj karakteri arz ettiği için çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Tarihi geçmişine bakıldığında peyzaj desenindeki değişimler, yerleşim ve yerel halkın ekonomik gelişimi konusunda aydınlatıcı bilgi vermektedir. Bu anlamda bu çalışma çevresel arkeoloji için de bir ufuk açacaktır. Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de yapılan tarihi peyzaj karakteri çalışmalarına bakıldığında belirli bir kodlama sistemi olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada yapılan kodlamanın TPKA (Tarihi Peyzaj Karakter Analizi) çalışmaları için bir prototip olacaktır. Anadolu gibi köklü tarihi ve arkeolojik geçmişe sahip alanlar ile ilgili olarak, tüm tarihi ve arkeolojik katmanları kapsayan bir haritalama yapmak mümkün müdür? Diğer bir anlatımla, tüm tarihi katmanlar hazırlanan bir harita üzerinde bir arada sunulabilir mi? TPKA’nın haritalamasında tarihin farklı katmanlarını içerecek terminoloji ne olmalıdır sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Tarih peyzaj karakteri analizi çalışma prensipleri ve benzer çalışmalar ve alan özelinde yapılan araştırmalar incelenmesi araştırmanın yöntemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma süresince Elde edilen bulgular ArcGIS ortamında birleştirilerek tarihi bir haritalama yapılmış; Bu haritalamada CORINE alt yapısı ve benzer çalışmalarda yola çıkılarak bir kodlama sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma 2700 yıllık bir tarihi geçmişin aynı haritada ifade edilmesi, tarihi ve arkeolojik ögelerin yanında peyzaj deseni değişimlerinin de aktarılması anlamında özgün bir çalışmaya evrildiği için bilimsel yazına ve daha ileri çalışmalara katkıda bulunulacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tarihi peyzaj karakter analizi
• Büyük Menderes Deltası
• Çok Katmanlı Peyzaj
• Peyzaj Arkeolojisi

Kaynakça

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