Yapay Zekâ ve Bilgi Teknolojileri Eğitimi: Sistematik Literatür İncelemesi

Öz

Yapay zekâ bilişim teknolojileri eğitiminin paradigmalarında önemli değişimlere neden olmaktadır. Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi'nin merkezindeki bu teknoloji, artık sadece müfredatın bir parçası değil, aynı zamanda pedagojik bir araç olarak da işlev görmektedir. Mevcut çalışma, yapay zekanın bilişim teknolojileri eğitimi üzerindeki çok yönlü etkilerini inceleyen mevcut literatürü kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Akıllı öğretim sistemleri, öğrenme analitiğiyle kolaylaştırılan kişiselleştirilmiş öğrenme yöntemleri, otomatik kod değerlendirme ve geri bildirim mekanizmaları ve üretken yapay zeka araçlarının (örneğin GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT) entegrasyonu gibi önemli değişimler derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Bulgular, yapay zekanın öğrenci performansını iyileştirme, bilişsel yükü yönetme ve öğrenci motivasyonunu ve katılımını güçlendirme potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca öğretim görevlilerinin idari yüklerini azaltarak daha üst düzey pedagojik faaliyetlere odaklanmalarını sağlama potansiyelini de barındırmaktadır. Ancak, entegrasyonla ilgili önemli zorluklar tespit edilmiştir; bunlar arasında akademik dürüstlük, etik sonuçlar, algoritmik önyargı ve yapay zeka araçlarına aşırı bilişsel bağımlılıkla ilgili endişeler yer almaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay Zeka
• Bilişim Teknolojileri Eğitimi
• Bilgisayar Bilimleri Eğitimi
• Akıllı Öğretim Sistemleri
• Kişiselleştirilmiş Öğrenme
• Üretken Yapay Zeka
• Öğrenme Analitiği
• Otomatik Değerlendirme

Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Öz

Artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally changing the paradigms of Information Technology (IT) education. This technology, at the heart of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is no longer just a part of the curriculum but also functions as a pedagogical tool. The current study aims to comprehensively analyze the existing literature examining the multifaceted impacts of AI on IT education. Key shifts, such as intelligent tutoring systems, personalized learning paths facilitated by learning analytics, automated code evaluation and feedback mechanisms, and the integration of generative AI tools (e.g., GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT), are examined in depth. The findings highlight the potential of AI to improve student performance, manage cognitive load, and strengthen student motivation and engagement. It also demonstrates its potential to reduce instructors' administrative burdens, allowing them to focus on higher-level pedagogical activities. However, significant challenges associated with this integration have been identified, including concerns about academic integrity, ethical implications, algorithmic bias, and excessive cognitive reliance on AI tools.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial Intelligence
• Information Technology Education
• Computer Science Education
• Intelligent Tutoring Systems
• Personalized Learning
• Generative Artificial Intelligence
• Learning Analytics
• Automatic Assessment

Kaynakça

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