Mineral Composition Changes in Leaves of ‘Ankara’ and ‘Deveci’ Pears Grafted onto Different Rootstocks Under NaCl Stress

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 191 - 202, 31.12.2025

Melih Aydınlı , Fatma Yıldırım , Mesut Altındal , Abdullah Arın

https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.1693306

Öz

The salt stress resulting from salinization in the soil or irrigation water is one of the most significant abiotic stress factors on a global scale and its importance is increasing day by day due to climate change. One of the most critical negative effects of salt stress on plants is the disruption of nutrient balance, which affects vital processes. In this study, the changes in some macro and micro nutrient elements in the leaves of ‘Ankara’ and ‘Deveci’ pear varieties grafted onto BA 29, Fox 11, OH×F 97, and OH×F 333 rootstocks, which were exposed to NaCl stress, were examined. Accordingly, it was determined that, although there were some changes in the macro elements such as N, P, and Mg and all the micro elements studied over the years, NaCl stress had a negative effect on all of them. Additionally, it was found that plants subjected to heavy stress (80 mM) were more affected. All elements, except for P and Cu, showed significant variability according to the rootstocks. The lowest N, K, and Fe content in the leaves was observed in the BA 29 rootstock, the lowest Ca and B content in the Fox rootstock, and the lowest Mg content in the OH×F 333 rootstock grafted varieties. On the other hand, varieties grafted onto the OH×F 97 rootstock showed higher levels of nutrients, both significantly and relatively, in their leaves. In terms of the varieties, the results showed variability over the years, but the Ca content, which is highly important for tolerance to salt stress, was found to be higher in the leaves of the ‘Deveci’ variety in both years. Based on the results obtained, a general evaluation suggests that varieties grafted onto the OH×F 97 rootstock, which have a higher tolerance level to NaCl stress, and the ‘Deveci’ variety, regardless of rootstock, had higher levels of nutrients in their leaves, contributing to their tolerance levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Salinity stress , pear , nutrient element , tolerance

Farklı Anaçlar Üzerine Aşılı “Ankara” ve “Deveci” Armutlarının NaCl Stresi Altında Yapraklarındaki Mineral Madde Değişimi

Öz

Toprakta veya sulama suyundaki tuzlulaşma neticesinde ortaya çıkan tuz stresi, küresel ölçekte en önemli abiyotik stres faktörü konumundadır ve iklim değişikliğine bağlı olarak önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Tuz stresinin bitkiler üzerindeki en önemli olumsuz etkilerinden biri besin dengesini bozarak hayati süreçleri etkilemesidir. Bu çalışmada NaCl stresine maruz kalan BA 29, Fox 11, OH×F 97 ve OH×F 333 anaçları üzerine aşılı ‘Ankara’ ve ‘Deveci’ armut çeşitlerinin yapraklarındaki bazı makro ve mikro besin element değişimi incelenmiştir. Buna göre makro elementlerden N, P ve Mg ile çalışmada incelenen tüm mikro elementlerin yıllara göre kısmen değişim gösterse de NaCl stresinden olumsuz etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. İlaveten özellikle ağır strese (80 mM) maruz kalan bitkilerin daha çok etkilendiği saptanmıştır. P ve Cu haricindeki tüm elementler anaçlara göre önemli değişkenlik göstermiştir. Yapraklardaki en düşük N, K ve Fe içeriği BA 29 anacı, Ca ve B içeriği Fox 11 anacı, Mg içeriği ise OH×F 333 anacı üzerine aşılı çeşitlerde tespit edilmiştir. OH×F 97 anacı üzerine aşılı çeşitlerin yapraklarında ise önemli veya göreceli olarak daha yüksek miktarlarda besin maddesi belirlenmiştir. Çeşitlerde ise yıllara göre değişken sonuçlar ortaya çıkmış ancak tuz stresine toleransta oldukça önemli olan Ca miktarı her iki yılda da ‘Deveci’ çeşidinin yapraklarında daha yüksek miktarda bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara bakılarak genel bir değerlendirme yapıldığında, NaCl stresine tolerans seviyesi daha yüksek olan OH×F 97 anacı üzerine aşılı çeşitlerin ve anaç gözetilmeksizin ‘Deveci’ çeşidinin yapraklarında daha yüksek miktarlarda besin maddesi bulunduğu ve bu durumun tolerans düzeylerine katkı sağladığı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tuz stresi , Armut , Besin elementi , Tolerans

Teşekkür

Çalışmanın gerçekleşmesi adına 116O721 numaralı proje ile destek sağlayan Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu’na (TÜBİTAK) teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. Ayrıca araştırmanın yürütülmesi için fiziki altyapısını kullanıma sunan Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’ne (MAREM) teşekkür ederiz.

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