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KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 75 - 85, 01.06.2008

Gülay Pamuk Mengü Erhan Akkuzu

Öz

Yaşamın vazgeçilmez bir unsuru olan su, sınırlı ve stratejik doğal bir kaynaktır. Gelecekte suyun yerine geçebilecek yapay bir maddenin bulunamayacağı bilindiğine göre, önemi gün geçtikçe artacaktır. Özellikle artan nüfusa paralel olarak gelişen teknoloji yanında küresel iklim değişiminin su kaynakları üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi, su kaynaklarının yeryüzünde homojen olarak dağılmaması su sorununu şiddetlendirmektedir. Bu nedenle günümüzde, suyun kullanım ve dağıtımındaki dengelere her zamankinden daha çok dikkat edilmesi, kaynakların yeni stratejilerle akıllıca kullanımı gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla çalışmada, içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılın en önemli küresel çevre sorunlarından biri olan su krizi ile birlikte, kurak ve yarı kurak alanlarda toprak ve su koruma açısından oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olan ve yağıştan etkin bir şekilde yararlanmayı mümkün kılan su hasadı ve su hasadı teknikleri ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Su su hasadı su hasadı teknikleri

Kaynakça

  • Anonim, 1997. Texas quide to rainwater harvesting, Texas Water Development Board. Texas.
  • Anonim, 2007. How to harvest rainwater, Pima Country Regional Flood Control District. (http:rfcd.pima.gov/wh/howto.html )
  • Aküzüm, T. Çakmak, B. Gökalp, Z. 2003. Dünyada su ve yaklaşan su krizi, 2. Ulusal Sulama Kongresi 16-19 Ekim 2003, Kuşadası-Aydın.
  • Boers, TM, Ben-Asher, J, 1982. A review of rainwater harvesting, Agric. Water Management (5):145-158.
  • Critchley, W, Siegert, K, 1991. Water harvesting, FAO, Rome
  • EEA, 2007. Climate and water adaptation issue, EEA Technical Report, No.2/2007.
  • Falkenmark, M. l992. Fresh water-time for a modified approach, Ambio l5:192-200
  • FAO, 2001. Water harvesting in western and central Africa, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra, Ghana.
  • FAO, 2003. Training course on water harvesting. (http://www.fao.org/ag/aGL/aglw/ wharv/wh07)
  • Herrmann, T. Schmida, U. 1999. Rainwater utilisation in Germany: Efficiency, dimensioning, hydrolic and enviromental aspects, Urban Water (1): 307-316.
  • Jaber, JO, Mohsen, MS, 2001. Evaluation of non- conventional water resources supply in Jordan, Desalination (136):83-92.
  • Konukcu, F. İstanbulluoğlu, A. Kocaman, İ. Albut, S. Gezer, E. 2007. Küresel Su Krizi: Bugünü, Geleceği ve Önlenebilme İmkânları, Küresel Su Krizinin Boyutları, Türkiye ve Dünya Perspektifi, Sulama Sektörü Derneği, SUSED Yayın No:1.
  • Lehner, B. Henrichs, T. Döll, P. Alcamo, J, 2001. Eurowasser-Model based assessment of European water resources and hydrology in the face of global change, World
  • Water Series 5, Center for Enviromental Systems Research, University of Kassel.
  • Li, XY, Xie, ZK, Yan, XK, 2004. Runoff characteristics of artifical catchment materials for rainwater harvesting in the semi arid regions of China, Agricultural Water Management (65):211-224.
  • Ojasvi, PR. Goyal, RK. Gupta, JP. 1999. The micro-catchment water harvesting technique for the plantation of jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana) in an agroforestry system under arid conditions, Agricultural Water Management (41):139-147.
  • Oweis, T. Hachum, A. 2000. Water harvesting and supplemental irrigation for improved water use efficiency, Advanced Short Course on Water Saving in Irrigated Agriculture. Cairo.
  • Panigrahi, B. Panda, SN. Mull, R. 2001. Simulation of harvesting potential in rainfed ricelands using water balance model, Agricultural Systems (69):165-182.
  • Postel, S. 2000. Last oasis, Çeviri: Ş. Sözer (Son Vaha), Tübitak-Tema vakfı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Prinz, D. 1996.Water harvesting: Past and Future, In: Pereira, L.S.(Ed.) Sustainability of irrigated Agriculture, Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, March 21-23, 1994, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands:135-144.
  • Reij, C. 1991. Indigeous soil and water conservation in Africa, London.
  • Scott CA, Silva-Ochoa, P. 2001. Collective action for water harvesting irrigation in the Lerma Chapala Basin-Mexico, Water Policy (3):555-572.
  • Siegert, K. 1994. Introduction to water harvesting: Some basic principles for planning, design and monitoring, Proceding of the FAO expert consultation, water harvesting for improved agricultural production Cairo, 21- 25 November, 1993:9-22, Rome.
  • Srivastava, RC, 2001. Methodology for design of water harvesting system for high rainfall areas, Agricultural Water Management (47):37-53.
  • Sur, HS. Bhardwaj, A. Jirdal, PK. 1999. Some hydrological parameters for the design and operation of small earthern dams in lower Shiwaliks of Northern India, Agricultural Water Management (42):111-121.
  • Topkaya, B. 1998. Water Resources in The Mıddle East: Forthcomıng Problems and Solutıons for Sustaınable Development of The Regıon. http://www.akdeniz.edu.tr/muhfak/ publications/gap.html
  • Ul, M.A. 2007. Su Havzalarının Yönetimi, Su kaynaklarımız Azalırken (Panel), 22 Mart 2007 İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Meclis Salonu, İzmir.
  • UN/WWAP, 2003. UN World Water Development Report, water for people, water for Life UNESCO, Berghahn Boks.
  • UNESCO, 2003. International Year of freshwater 2003, Water: A matter of life and death. www.unesco.org/water/iyfw/facts_ and_figures/water_year_factsheet.p df
  • UNESCO, 2008. Water use. www.unesco.org/water/iyfw2/water _use.shtml
  • Valentin, C. Herbes, JM, 1999. Nigertiger bush as a natural water harvesting system, Catena (37): 231-256.
  • Geliş Tarihi:22.10.2008
  • Kabul Tarihi:20.11.2008

Global Water Crisis and Water Harvesting Techniques

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 75 - 85, 01.06.2008

Gülay Pamuk Mengü Erhan Akkuzu

Öz

Being an indispensable element of life, water is a limited and strategic natural source. Since
it is known that no artificial substances will be found to substitute water in the future, it will
get more and more important. Particularly besides technology that develops in parallel to
the increasing population, the negative effect of global climatic change on water sources
and the fact that water sources are not distributed homogeneously on earth intensify the
water problem. Thus, today it is required to pay attention to the balances in the use and
distribution of water more than ever and to use the sources wisely with new strategies. With
this purpose, the study deals with the water harvest and water harvesting techniques, which
have a quite important place in terms of soil and water conservation in arid and semi-arid
lands and which make it possible to make use of rain effectively, along with the water crisis
that is one of the most important global environmental problems in the present century.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Water water harvesting water harvesting techniques

Kaynakça

  • Anonim, 1997. Texas quide to rainwater harvesting, Texas Water Development Board. Texas.
  • Anonim, 2007. How to harvest rainwater, Pima Country Regional Flood Control District. (http:rfcd.pima.gov/wh/howto.html )
  • Aküzüm, T. Çakmak, B. Gökalp, Z. 2003. Dünyada su ve yaklaşan su krizi, 2. Ulusal Sulama Kongresi 16-19 Ekim 2003, Kuşadası-Aydın.
  • Boers, TM, Ben-Asher, J, 1982. A review of rainwater harvesting, Agric. Water Management (5):145-158.
  • Critchley, W, Siegert, K, 1991. Water harvesting, FAO, Rome
  • EEA, 2007. Climate and water adaptation issue, EEA Technical Report, No.2/2007.
  • Falkenmark, M. l992. Fresh water-time for a modified approach, Ambio l5:192-200
  • FAO, 2001. Water harvesting in western and central Africa, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra, Ghana.
  • FAO, 2003. Training course on water harvesting. (http://www.fao.org/ag/aGL/aglw/ wharv/wh07)
  • Herrmann, T. Schmida, U. 1999. Rainwater utilisation in Germany: Efficiency, dimensioning, hydrolic and enviromental aspects, Urban Water (1): 307-316.
  • Jaber, JO, Mohsen, MS, 2001. Evaluation of non- conventional water resources supply in Jordan, Desalination (136):83-92.
  • Konukcu, F. İstanbulluoğlu, A. Kocaman, İ. Albut, S. Gezer, E. 2007. Küresel Su Krizi: Bugünü, Geleceği ve Önlenebilme İmkânları, Küresel Su Krizinin Boyutları, Türkiye ve Dünya Perspektifi, Sulama Sektörü Derneği, SUSED Yayın No:1.
  • Lehner, B. Henrichs, T. Döll, P. Alcamo, J, 2001. Eurowasser-Model based assessment of European water resources and hydrology in the face of global change, World
  • Water Series 5, Center for Enviromental Systems Research, University of Kassel.
  • Li, XY, Xie, ZK, Yan, XK, 2004. Runoff characteristics of artifical catchment materials for rainwater harvesting in the semi arid regions of China, Agricultural Water Management (65):211-224.
  • Ojasvi, PR. Goyal, RK. Gupta, JP. 1999. The micro-catchment water harvesting technique for the plantation of jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana) in an agroforestry system under arid conditions, Agricultural Water Management (41):139-147.
  • Oweis, T. Hachum, A. 2000. Water harvesting and supplemental irrigation for improved water use efficiency, Advanced Short Course on Water Saving in Irrigated Agriculture. Cairo.
  • Panigrahi, B. Panda, SN. Mull, R. 2001. Simulation of harvesting potential in rainfed ricelands using water balance model, Agricultural Systems (69):165-182.
  • Postel, S. 2000. Last oasis, Çeviri: Ş. Sözer (Son Vaha), Tübitak-Tema vakfı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Prinz, D. 1996.Water harvesting: Past and Future, In: Pereira, L.S.(Ed.) Sustainability of irrigated Agriculture, Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, March 21-23, 1994, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands:135-144.
  • Reij, C. 1991. Indigeous soil and water conservation in Africa, London.
  • Scott CA, Silva-Ochoa, P. 2001. Collective action for water harvesting irrigation in the Lerma Chapala Basin-Mexico, Water Policy (3):555-572.
  • Siegert, K. 1994. Introduction to water harvesting: Some basic principles for planning, design and monitoring, Proceding of the FAO expert consultation, water harvesting for improved agricultural production Cairo, 21- 25 November, 1993:9-22, Rome.
  • Srivastava, RC, 2001. Methodology for design of water harvesting system for high rainfall areas, Agricultural Water Management (47):37-53.
  • Sur, HS. Bhardwaj, A. Jirdal, PK. 1999. Some hydrological parameters for the design and operation of small earthern dams in lower Shiwaliks of Northern India, Agricultural Water Management (42):111-121.
  • Topkaya, B. 1998. Water Resources in The Mıddle East: Forthcomıng Problems and Solutıons for Sustaınable Development of The Regıon. http://www.akdeniz.edu.tr/muhfak/ publications/gap.html
  • Ul, M.A. 2007. Su Havzalarının Yönetimi, Su kaynaklarımız Azalırken (Panel), 22 Mart 2007 İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Meclis Salonu, İzmir.
  • UN/WWAP, 2003. UN World Water Development Report, water for people, water for Life UNESCO, Berghahn Boks.
  • UNESCO, 2003. International Year of freshwater 2003, Water: A matter of life and death. www.unesco.org/water/iyfw/facts_ and_figures/water_year_factsheet.p df
  • UNESCO, 2008. Water use. www.unesco.org/water/iyfw2/water _use.shtml
  • Valentin, C. Herbes, JM, 1999. Nigertiger bush as a natural water harvesting system, Catena (37): 231-256.
  • Geliş Tarihi:22.10.2008
  • Kabul Tarihi:20.11.2008
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA95SU26MN
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gülay Pamuk Mengü Bu kişi benim

Erhan Akkuzu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2008
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Mengü, G. P., & Akkuzu, E. (2008). KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 75-85.
AMA Mengü GP, Akkuzu E. KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. Aralık 2008;5(2):75-85.
Chicago Mengü, Gülay Pamuk, ve Erhan Akkuzu. “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5, sy. 2 (Aralık 2008): 75-85.
EndNote Mengü GP, Akkuzu E (01 Aralık 2008) KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5 2 75–85.
IEEE G. P. Mengü ve E. Akkuzu, “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”, ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 75–85, 2008.
ISNAD Mengü, Gülay Pamuk - Akkuzu, Erhan. “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 5/2 (Aralık 2008), 75-85.
JAMA Mengü GP, Akkuzu E. KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. 2008;5:75–85.
MLA Mengü, Gülay Pamuk ve Erhan Akkuzu. “KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ”. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, 2008, ss. 75-85.
Vancouver Mengü GP, Akkuzu E. KÜRESEL SU KRİZİ VE SU HASADI TEKNİKLERİ. ADÜ ZİRAAT DERG. 2008;5(2):75-8.