Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Öğrencilerde Sınav Kaygısının Yordayıcıları: Helikopter Ebeveyn Tutumu, Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu ve Yetkinlik Beklentisi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite sınavına hazırlanan öğrencilerde sınav kaygısı, olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu, yetkinlik beklentisi ve algılanan helikopter ebeveyn tutumu arasındaki ilişkiyi ve bu değişkenlerin sınav kaygısına olan etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılı içinde Kocaeli ilindeki ortaöğretim okullarında 11. sınıf, 12. sınıf ve mezun olup üniversite sınavına hazırlanan öğrenciler araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışma grubu olarak 256 kız, 146 erkek olmak üzere toplam 402 öğrenci araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Sınav Kaygısı Envanteri (SKE), Algılanan Helikopter Ebeveyn Tutumu Ölçeği (AHETÖ), Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu Ölçeği (ODKÖ) ve Ergenlerde Yetkinlik Beklentisi Ölçeği (EYBÖ) uygulanmıştır. Ölçekler katılımcılara yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 29 programı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değişkenler arası ilişkinin belirlenmesinde Pearson korelasyon analizi; olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu, yetkinlik beklentisi ve algılanan helikopter ebeveyn tutumunun sınav kaygısına etkisinin belirlenmesinde çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada sınav kaygısı ile helikopter ebeveyn tutumu ve olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı; sınav kaygısı ile yetkinlik beklentisi arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Regresyon analizi sonucunda algılanan helikopter anne tutumunun, olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusunun ve yetkinlik beklentisinin sınav kaygısının anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Algılanan helikopter baba tutumunun sınav kaygısı üzerinde etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca yordayıcı değişkenlerin sınav kaygısına ilişkin varyansın %27’sini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın son bölümünde, elde edilen bulgular ışığında sonuçlar tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Helikopter ebeveynlik
• Olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu
• Sınav kaygısı
• Yetkinlik beklentisi

Predictors of Test Anxiety in Students Preparing for University Examination: Helicopter Parental Attitude, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Competence Expectancy

Öz

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between test anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, competence expectancy, and perceived helicopter parental attitude, as well as to identify the influence of these variables on test anxiety among students preparing for the university entrance exam. To achieve this aim, the study was conducted with 11th and 12th grade students attending secondary schools and also graduates in Kocaeli province during the 2023–2024 academic year. The sample consisted of 402 students, including 256 girls and 146 boys. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), Perceived Helicopter Parental Attitude Scale (HPAS), Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNE), and Questionnaire for Measuring Self-efficacy Expectation in Youths. These scales were administered to participants in face-to-face sessions. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 29 program. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between the variables, while multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the predictive roles of fear of negative evaluation, competence expectancy, and perceived helicopter parental attitude on test anxiety. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between test anxiety and both helicopter parental attitude and fear of negative evaluation, whereas a significant negative correlation was found between test anxiety and competence expectancy. The regression analysis showed that perceived helicopter mother attitude, fear of negative evaluation, and competence expectancy were significant predictors of test anxiety. However, the effect of perceived helicopter father attitude on test anxiety was not significant. Together, the predictor variables accounted for 27% of the variance in test anxiety. In the final section of the study, the results were discussed in the light of the findings and recommendations were presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Competence expectancy
• Fear of negative evaluation
• Helicopter parenting
• Test anxiety

Kaynakça

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