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The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 370 - 384, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.960979

Öz

The present study has reported the production of the environmentally friendly Kombucha tea fungus (TF), as well as its investigation as a potential biosorbent to remove cationic methyl violet (MV) dye from the aqueous solutions. TF was characterized by using FT-IR, thermal analysis and zeta potential measurements. The biosorption of MV was significantly dependent on the pH of the solutions and the highest removal for MV was observed at pH=9.0 which was also proved with zeta potential measurement. Biosorption equilibrium was established in 10 min and a definition of the overall rate-controlling step in the biosorption of MV onto TF was carried out. The biosorption data were in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum biosorption capacity of TF for MV was determined as 1180.09 mg g−1. In addition, an effective biosorption performance was observed even in the presence of high foreign ion concentrations. The results indicated that TF could be utilized as a highly efficient biosorbent for MV biosorption from aqueous solutions.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Marsh, A.J., O'Sullivan, O., Hill, C., Ross, R.P., Cotter, P.D., Sequence-based analysis of the bacterial and fungal compositions of multiple kombucha (tea fungus) samples, Food Microbiology, 38, 171-178, 2014.
  • [2] Dutta, H., Paul, S.K., Kombucha drink: production, quality, and safety aspects, Production and Management of Beverages, 1, 259-288, 2019.
  • [3] Taheur, F.B., Mansour, C., Jeddou, K.B., Machreki, Y., Kouidhi, B., Abdulhakim, J.A., Chaieb, K., Aflatoxin B1 degradation by microorganisms isolated from Kombucha culture, Toxicon, 179, 76-83, 2020.
  • [4] Hesseltine, C.W., A millennium of fungi, food, and fermentation, Mycologia, 57, 149-197, 1965.
  • [5] Blanc, P.J., Characterization of the tea fungus metabolites, Biotechnology Letters, 18, 139-142, 1996.
  • [6] Pasha, C., Reddy, G., Nutritional and medicinal improvement of black tea by yeast fermentation, Food Chemistry, 89, 449-453, 2005.
  • [7] Malbaša, R.V., Lončar, E.S., Vitas, J.S., Čanadanović-Brunet, J.M., Influence of starter cultures on the antioxidant activity of kombucha beverage, Food Chemistry, 127, 1727-1731, 2011.
  • [8] Velićanski, A., Cvetković, D., Markov, S., Characteristics of Kombucha fermentation on medicinal herbs from Lamiaceae family, Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 18, 8034-8042, 2013.
  • [9] Villarreal‐Soto, S.A., Beaufort, S., Bouajila, J., Souchard, J.P., Taillandier, P., Understanding kombucha tea fermentation: a review, Journal of Food Science, 83, 580-588, 2018.
  • [10] Amarasekara, A.S., Wang, D., Grady, T.L., A comparison of kombucha SCOBY bacterial cellulose purification methods, SN Applied Sciences, 2, 1-7, 2020.
  • [11] Dima, S.-O., Panaitescu, D.-M., Orban, C., Ghiurea, M., Doncea, S.-M., Fierascu, R.C., Nistor, C.L., Alexandrescu, E., Nicolae, C.-A., Trică, B., Bacterial nanocellulose from side-streams of kombucha beverages production: Preparation and physical-chemical properties, Polymers, 9, 374, 2017.
  • [12] Soares, M.G., de Lima, M., Schmidt, V.C.R., Technological aspects of kombucha, its applications and the symbiotic culture (SCOBY), and extraction of compounds of interest: A literature review, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 110, 539-550, 2021.
  • [13] Srivastava, S., Sinha, R., Roy, D., Toxicological effects of malachite green, Aquatic Toxicology, 66, 319-329, 2004.
  • [14] Al-Fawwaz, A.T., Abdullah, M., Decolorization of methylene blue and malachite green by immobilized Desmodesmus sp. isolated from North Jordan, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 7, 95, 2016.
  • [15] Bale, M., Management of the umbilicus with crystal violet solution, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 124, 372, 1981.
  • [16] Mittal, A., Gajbe, V., Mittal, J., Removal and recovery of hazardous triphenylmethane dye, Methyl Violet through adsorption over granulated waste materials, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150, 364-375, 2008.
  • [17] Parshetti, G., Saratale, G., Telke, A., Govindwar, S., Biodegradation of hazardous triphenylmethane dye methyl violet by Rhizobium radiobacter (MTCC 8161), Journal of Basic Microbiology, 49, S36-S42, 2009.
  • [18] Rott, U., Minke, R., Overview of wastewater treatment and recycling in the textile processing industry, Water Science and Technology, 40, 137-144, 1999.
  • [19] El Haddad, M., Slimani, R., Mamouni, R., Laamari, M.R., Rafqah, S., Lazar, S., Evaluation of potential capability of calcined bones on the biosorption removal efficiency of safranin as cationic dye from aqueous solutions, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 44, 13-18, 2013.
  • [20] Wang, J., Chen, C., Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future, Biotechnology Advances, 27, 195-226, 2009.
  • [21] Mosier, A.P., Behnke, J., Jin, E.T., Cady, N.C., Microbial biofilms for the removal of Cu2+ from CMP wastewater, Journal of Environmental Management, 160, 67-72, 2015.
  • [22] Nguyen, T.A., Fu, C.-C., Juang, R.-S., Biosorption and biodegradation of a sulfur dye in high-strength dyeing wastewater by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 265-271, 2016.
  • [23] Fan, H., Yang, J., Gao, T., Yuan, H., Removal of a low-molecular basic dye (Azure Blue) from aqueous solutions by a native biomass of a newly isolated Cladosporium sp.: kinetics, equilibrium and biosorption simulation, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 43, 386-392, 2012.
  • [24] Moghazy, R.M., Labena, A., Husien, S., Eco-friendly complementary biosorption process of methylene blue using micro-sized dried biosorbents of two macro-algal species (Ulva fasciata and Sargassum dentifolium): Full factorial design, equilibrium, and kinetic studies, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 134, 330-343, 2019.
  • [25] Ezeonuegbu, B.A., Machido, D.A., Whong, C.M., Japhet, W.S., Alexiou, A., Elazab, S.T., Qusty, N., Yaro, C.A., Batiha, G.E.-S., Agricultural waste of sugarcane bagasse as efficient adsorbent for lead and nickel removal from untreated wastewater: Biosorption, equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and desorption studies, Biotechnology Reports, 30, e00614, 2021.
  • [26] Sintakindi, A., Ankamwar, B., Fungal biosorption as an alternative for the treatment of dyes in waste waters: a review, Environmental Technology Reviews, 10, 26-43, 2021.
  • [27] Alp Arici, T., Highly reusable plant-based biosorbent for the selective methylene blue biosorption from dye mixture in aqueous media, International Environmental Science and Technology, 1-12, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03238-w
  • [28] Yang, Y., Wei, X., Sun, P., Wan, J., Preparation, characterization and adsorption performance of a novel anionic starch microsphere, Molecules, 15, 2872-2885, 2010.
  • [29] Deniz, F., Kepekci, R.A., Dye biosorption onto pistachio by-product: A green environmental engineering approach, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 219, 194-200, 2016.
  • [30] Lagergren, S., Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloster stoffe, Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens. Handlingar, 24, 1-39 1898.
  • [31] Ho, Y.-S., McKay, G., Kinetic models for the sorption of dye from aqueous solution by wood, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 76, 183-191, 1998.
  • [32] Weber Jr, W.J., Morris, J.C., Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division, 89, 31-59, 1963.
  • [33] Langmuir, I., The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, Journal of the American Chemical society, 40, 1361-1403, 1918.
  • [34] Freundlich, H., Über die adsorption in lösungen, Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie, 57, 385-470, 1907.
  • [35] Sharafzad, A., Tamjidi, S., Esmaeili, H., Calcined lotus leaf as a low-cost and highly efficient biosorbent for removal of methyl violet dye from aqueous media, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 1-24, 2020.
  • [36] Chen, K., Du, L., Gao, P., Zheng, J., Liu, Y., Lin, H., Super and selective adsorption of cationic dyes onto carboxylate-modified passion fruit peel biosorbent, Frontiers in Chemistry, 9, 376, 2021.
  • [37] Liu, Y., Zhao, Y., Cheng, W., Zhang, T., Targeted reclaiming cationic dyes from dyeing wastewater with a dithiocarbamate-functionalized material through selective adsorption and efficient desorption, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 579, 766-777, 2020.
  • [38] Makhado, E., Pandey, S., Ramontja, J., Microwave assisted synthesis of xanthan gum-cl-poly (acrylic acid) based-reduced graphene oxide hydrogel composite for adsorption of methylene blue and methyl violet from aqueous solution, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 119, 255-269, 2018.
  • [39] Yamil, L.d.O., Georgin, J., Franco, D.S., Netto, M.S., Grassi, P., Piccilli, D.G., Oliveira, M.L., Dotto, G.L., Powdered biosorbent from pecan pericarp (Carya illinoensis) as an efficient material to uptake methyl violet 2B from effluents in batch and column operations, Advanced Powder Technology, 31, 2843-2852, 2020.
  • [40] Hamitouche, A., Haffas, M., Boudjemaa, A., Benammar, S., Sehailia, M., Bachari, K., Efficient biosorption of methylene blue, malachite green and methyl violet organic pollutants on biomass derived from Anethum graveolens: An eco-benign approach for wastewater treatment, Desalination Water Treatment, 5, 225-236, 2017.
  • [41] Li, P., Su, Y.-J., Wang, Y., Liu, B., Sun, L.-M., Bioadsorption of methyl violet from aqueous solution onto Pu-erh tea powder, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179, 43-48, 2010.
  • [42] Priyantha, N., Lim, L.B., Tennakoon, D., Liaw, E.T., Ing, C.H., Liyandeniya, A.B., Biosorption of cationic dyes on breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) peel and core, Applied Water Science, 8, 1-11, 2018.
  • [43] Chen, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Yue, Q., Li, Y., Li, C., Equilibrium and kinetic studies of methyl orange and methyl violet adsorption on activated carbon derived from Phragmites australis, Desalination, 252, 149-156, 2010.

Sulu Çözeltilerdeki Boyarmadde Kirliliğinin Biyosorpsiyonu için Etkili ve Çevre Dostu Çay Mantarı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 370 - 384, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.960979

Öz

Bu çalışma, çevre dostu Kombucha çay mantarının (TF) üretimini ve sulu çözeltilerden katyonik metil viyole (MV) boyarmaddesinin uzaklaştırılmasında biyosorban olarak potansiyelinin araştırılmasını sunmaktadır. TF, FT-IR, termal analiz ve zeta potansiyel ölçümleri kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. MV’nin biyosorpsiyonu, çözeltilerin pH’sına önemli ölçüde bağlıdır ve en yüksek MV giderimi, zeta potansiyeli ölçümü ile de kanıtlanan pH=9.0’da gözlenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon 10 dakika içerisinde dengeye ulaşmış ve MV’nin TF üzerine biyosorpsiyonunda hız sınırlayıcı adım belirlenmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon verileri, yalancı ikinci dereceden kinetik ve Langmuir izoterm modelleri ile iyi bir uyum göstermiştir. TF’nin MV için maksimum tek tabakalı biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi 1180.09 mg g1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yüksek yabancı iyon derişimlerinin varlığında dahi etkili bir biyosorpsiyon performansı gözlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, TF’nin sulu çözeltilerden MV biyosorpsiyonu için yüksek verimli bir biyosorban olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Marsh, A.J., O'Sullivan, O., Hill, C., Ross, R.P., Cotter, P.D., Sequence-based analysis of the bacterial and fungal compositions of multiple kombucha (tea fungus) samples, Food Microbiology, 38, 171-178, 2014.
  • [2] Dutta, H., Paul, S.K., Kombucha drink: production, quality, and safety aspects, Production and Management of Beverages, 1, 259-288, 2019.
  • [3] Taheur, F.B., Mansour, C., Jeddou, K.B., Machreki, Y., Kouidhi, B., Abdulhakim, J.A., Chaieb, K., Aflatoxin B1 degradation by microorganisms isolated from Kombucha culture, Toxicon, 179, 76-83, 2020.
  • [4] Hesseltine, C.W., A millennium of fungi, food, and fermentation, Mycologia, 57, 149-197, 1965.
  • [5] Blanc, P.J., Characterization of the tea fungus metabolites, Biotechnology Letters, 18, 139-142, 1996.
  • [6] Pasha, C., Reddy, G., Nutritional and medicinal improvement of black tea by yeast fermentation, Food Chemistry, 89, 449-453, 2005.
  • [7] Malbaša, R.V., Lončar, E.S., Vitas, J.S., Čanadanović-Brunet, J.M., Influence of starter cultures on the antioxidant activity of kombucha beverage, Food Chemistry, 127, 1727-1731, 2011.
  • [8] Velićanski, A., Cvetković, D., Markov, S., Characteristics of Kombucha fermentation on medicinal herbs from Lamiaceae family, Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 18, 8034-8042, 2013.
  • [9] Villarreal‐Soto, S.A., Beaufort, S., Bouajila, J., Souchard, J.P., Taillandier, P., Understanding kombucha tea fermentation: a review, Journal of Food Science, 83, 580-588, 2018.
  • [10] Amarasekara, A.S., Wang, D., Grady, T.L., A comparison of kombucha SCOBY bacterial cellulose purification methods, SN Applied Sciences, 2, 1-7, 2020.
  • [11] Dima, S.-O., Panaitescu, D.-M., Orban, C., Ghiurea, M., Doncea, S.-M., Fierascu, R.C., Nistor, C.L., Alexandrescu, E., Nicolae, C.-A., Trică, B., Bacterial nanocellulose from side-streams of kombucha beverages production: Preparation and physical-chemical properties, Polymers, 9, 374, 2017.
  • [12] Soares, M.G., de Lima, M., Schmidt, V.C.R., Technological aspects of kombucha, its applications and the symbiotic culture (SCOBY), and extraction of compounds of interest: A literature review, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 110, 539-550, 2021.
  • [13] Srivastava, S., Sinha, R., Roy, D., Toxicological effects of malachite green, Aquatic Toxicology, 66, 319-329, 2004.
  • [14] Al-Fawwaz, A.T., Abdullah, M., Decolorization of methylene blue and malachite green by immobilized Desmodesmus sp. isolated from North Jordan, International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 7, 95, 2016.
  • [15] Bale, M., Management of the umbilicus with crystal violet solution, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 124, 372, 1981.
  • [16] Mittal, A., Gajbe, V., Mittal, J., Removal and recovery of hazardous triphenylmethane dye, Methyl Violet through adsorption over granulated waste materials, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150, 364-375, 2008.
  • [17] Parshetti, G., Saratale, G., Telke, A., Govindwar, S., Biodegradation of hazardous triphenylmethane dye methyl violet by Rhizobium radiobacter (MTCC 8161), Journal of Basic Microbiology, 49, S36-S42, 2009.
  • [18] Rott, U., Minke, R., Overview of wastewater treatment and recycling in the textile processing industry, Water Science and Technology, 40, 137-144, 1999.
  • [19] El Haddad, M., Slimani, R., Mamouni, R., Laamari, M.R., Rafqah, S., Lazar, S., Evaluation of potential capability of calcined bones on the biosorption removal efficiency of safranin as cationic dye from aqueous solutions, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 44, 13-18, 2013.
  • [20] Wang, J., Chen, C., Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future, Biotechnology Advances, 27, 195-226, 2009.
  • [21] Mosier, A.P., Behnke, J., Jin, E.T., Cady, N.C., Microbial biofilms for the removal of Cu2+ from CMP wastewater, Journal of Environmental Management, 160, 67-72, 2015.
  • [22] Nguyen, T.A., Fu, C.-C., Juang, R.-S., Biosorption and biodegradation of a sulfur dye in high-strength dyeing wastewater by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 265-271, 2016.
  • [23] Fan, H., Yang, J., Gao, T., Yuan, H., Removal of a low-molecular basic dye (Azure Blue) from aqueous solutions by a native biomass of a newly isolated Cladosporium sp.: kinetics, equilibrium and biosorption simulation, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 43, 386-392, 2012.
  • [24] Moghazy, R.M., Labena, A., Husien, S., Eco-friendly complementary biosorption process of methylene blue using micro-sized dried biosorbents of two macro-algal species (Ulva fasciata and Sargassum dentifolium): Full factorial design, equilibrium, and kinetic studies, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 134, 330-343, 2019.
  • [25] Ezeonuegbu, B.A., Machido, D.A., Whong, C.M., Japhet, W.S., Alexiou, A., Elazab, S.T., Qusty, N., Yaro, C.A., Batiha, G.E.-S., Agricultural waste of sugarcane bagasse as efficient adsorbent for lead and nickel removal from untreated wastewater: Biosorption, equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and desorption studies, Biotechnology Reports, 30, e00614, 2021.
  • [26] Sintakindi, A., Ankamwar, B., Fungal biosorption as an alternative for the treatment of dyes in waste waters: a review, Environmental Technology Reviews, 10, 26-43, 2021.
  • [27] Alp Arici, T., Highly reusable plant-based biosorbent for the selective methylene blue biosorption from dye mixture in aqueous media, International Environmental Science and Technology, 1-12, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03238-w
  • [28] Yang, Y., Wei, X., Sun, P., Wan, J., Preparation, characterization and adsorption performance of a novel anionic starch microsphere, Molecules, 15, 2872-2885, 2010.
  • [29] Deniz, F., Kepekci, R.A., Dye biosorption onto pistachio by-product: A green environmental engineering approach, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 219, 194-200, 2016.
  • [30] Lagergren, S., Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloster stoffe, Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens. Handlingar, 24, 1-39 1898.
  • [31] Ho, Y.-S., McKay, G., Kinetic models for the sorption of dye from aqueous solution by wood, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 76, 183-191, 1998.
  • [32] Weber Jr, W.J., Morris, J.C., Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, Journal of the Sanitary Engineering Division, 89, 31-59, 1963.
  • [33] Langmuir, I., The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, Journal of the American Chemical society, 40, 1361-1403, 1918.
  • [34] Freundlich, H., Über die adsorption in lösungen, Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie, 57, 385-470, 1907.
  • [35] Sharafzad, A., Tamjidi, S., Esmaeili, H., Calcined lotus leaf as a low-cost and highly efficient biosorbent for removal of methyl violet dye from aqueous media, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 1-24, 2020.
  • [36] Chen, K., Du, L., Gao, P., Zheng, J., Liu, Y., Lin, H., Super and selective adsorption of cationic dyes onto carboxylate-modified passion fruit peel biosorbent, Frontiers in Chemistry, 9, 376, 2021.
  • [37] Liu, Y., Zhao, Y., Cheng, W., Zhang, T., Targeted reclaiming cationic dyes from dyeing wastewater with a dithiocarbamate-functionalized material through selective adsorption and efficient desorption, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 579, 766-777, 2020.
  • [38] Makhado, E., Pandey, S., Ramontja, J., Microwave assisted synthesis of xanthan gum-cl-poly (acrylic acid) based-reduced graphene oxide hydrogel composite for adsorption of methylene blue and methyl violet from aqueous solution, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 119, 255-269, 2018.
  • [39] Yamil, L.d.O., Georgin, J., Franco, D.S., Netto, M.S., Grassi, P., Piccilli, D.G., Oliveira, M.L., Dotto, G.L., Powdered biosorbent from pecan pericarp (Carya illinoensis) as an efficient material to uptake methyl violet 2B from effluents in batch and column operations, Advanced Powder Technology, 31, 2843-2852, 2020.
  • [40] Hamitouche, A., Haffas, M., Boudjemaa, A., Benammar, S., Sehailia, M., Bachari, K., Efficient biosorption of methylene blue, malachite green and methyl violet organic pollutants on biomass derived from Anethum graveolens: An eco-benign approach for wastewater treatment, Desalination Water Treatment, 5, 225-236, 2017.
  • [41] Li, P., Su, Y.-J., Wang, Y., Liu, B., Sun, L.-M., Bioadsorption of methyl violet from aqueous solution onto Pu-erh tea powder, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179, 43-48, 2010.
  • [42] Priyantha, N., Lim, L.B., Tennakoon, D., Liaw, E.T., Ing, C.H., Liyandeniya, A.B., Biosorption of cationic dyes on breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) peel and core, Applied Water Science, 8, 1-11, 2018.
  • [43] Chen, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Yue, Q., Li, Y., Li, C., Equilibrium and kinetic studies of methyl orange and methyl violet adsorption on activated carbon derived from Phragmites australis, Desalination, 252, 149-156, 2010.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Analitik Kimya, Fiziksel Kimya
Bölüm Kimya
Yazarlar

Tuğba Alp Arıcı 0000-0003-3927-9849

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2021
Kabul Tarihi 25 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Alp Arıcı, T. (2021). The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 11(2), 370-384. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.960979
AMA Alp Arıcı T. The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions. ADYU J SCI. Aralık 2021;11(2):370-384. doi:10.37094/adyujsci.960979
Chicago Alp Arıcı, Tuğba. “The Effective and Eco-Friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 11, sy. 2 (Aralık 2021): 370-84. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.960979.
EndNote Alp Arıcı T (01 Aralık 2021) The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 11 2 370–384.
IEEE T. Alp Arıcı, “The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions”, ADYU J SCI, c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 370–384, 2021, doi: 10.37094/adyujsci.960979.
ISNAD Alp Arıcı, Tuğba. “The Effective and Eco-Friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 11/2 (Aralık 2021), 370-384. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.960979.
JAMA Alp Arıcı T. The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions. ADYU J SCI. 2021;11:370–384.
MLA Alp Arıcı, Tuğba. “The Effective and Eco-Friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, c. 11, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 370-84, doi:10.37094/adyujsci.960979.
Vancouver Alp Arıcı T. The Effective and Eco-friendly Tea Fungus for the Biosorption of Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solutions. ADYU J SCI. 2021;11(2):370-84.

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