GECEYARISI ÇOCUKLARI SALEEM, SHİVA VE PARVATİ'NİN HİNDU MİTOLOJİSİNDEKİ BENZERLİKLERİ

Yıl 2023, , 79 - 96, 31.08.2023

Rojev Ağıt Sari , Leyla Adıgüzel

https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.1172155

Öz

Rushdie’nin 1981’de yayımlanan Geceyarısı Çocukları adlı eseri, Hindistan ve Pakistan’ın tarihine ışık tutan derin eserlerden biridir. Ana karakter Saleem Sinai’nin bedeni ve anlatımı aracılığıyla, okur Hindistan’ın tarihinde meydana gelen olaylara tanık olur. Hindistan’ın bağımsızlık ilan ettiği gecede doğan Saleem Sinai ve diğer geceyarısı çocukları, Hindistan’ın çok kültürlü yapısına ve çok sesliliğine denk gelmektedir. Eserde sıklıkla vurgulanan çokseslilik, büyülü gerçekçilik ve tarihsel üstkurmaca gibi çeşitli anlatı stratejileriyle okuyucuya sunulmaktadır. Gerçeğin olağandışı bir şekilde dışa vurulduğu Geceyarısı Çocukları, Hindu kültürünün mitolojisine de değinmektedir. Geceyarısı çocuklarının en önemli isimleri olan Saleem, Shiva ve Parvati, Hindu mitolojisinin en önemli ü. ilahı Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva’ya denktir. Bu ilahların varlığı birbirine bağlıdır. Birinin eksikliği durumunda, diğerleri varlıklarını sürdüremez. Tıpkı Saleem’in bilgeliği, Shiva’nın savaşçı kişiliği ve Parvati’nin büyü yeteneğinin birbirini tamamlaması gibi. Bu çerçevede çalışma, Saleem, Shiva ve Parvati’nin Hindu tanrı ve tanrıçaları olan Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva ve Parvati ile olan benzerliğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geceyarısı Çocukları, Salman Rushdie, Hindu Mitolojisi, Benzerlik, Varlık

THE MIDNIGHT’S CHILDREN: SALEEM, SHIVA, AND PARVATI’S SIMILARITIES IN HINDU MYTHOLOGY

Öz

Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, published in 1981, is one of the profound works that sheds light on the history of India and Pakistan. Through the body and narration of the main character Saleem Sinai, the reader witnesses the events that took place in the history of India. Saleem Sinai and other midnight children, born on the night of India’s declaration of independence, correspond to the multicultural nature and polyphony of India. The polyphony which is frequently emphasized in the work, are presented to the reader with various narrative strategies such as magical realism and historical metafiction. In an extraordinary expression of truth, Midnight’s Children also touches upon the mythology of Hindu culture. The most significant names of the Midnight children, Saleem, Shiva, and Parvati are equivalent to the three most peculiar deities of Hindu mythology, Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva. The existence of these deities is interdependent. In the absence of one, the others cannot exist. Just like Saleem’s wisdom, Shiva’s warrior personality and Parvati’s magic talent complement each other. Within this framework, the study aims to examine the similarity of Saleem, Shiva, and Parvati with Hindu gods and goddesses Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, and Parvati.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Midnight’s Children, Salman Rushdie, Hindu Mythology, Similarity, Existence

Kaynakça

• Cartwright, M. (2012, November 12). Vishnu. Retrieved May 10, 2022, from World History Encyclopedia: https://www.worldhistory.org/Vishnu/
• Doniger, W. (13, August 2018). Brahmā. Retrieved June 2022, 11, from Encyclopedia: https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/eastern-religions/hinduism/brahma
• Garden, G. (2018, November 9). The Hindu Goddess Parvati. Retrieved May 30, 2022, from https://thegoddessgarden.com/the-hindu-goddess-parvati/#:~:text=Parvati%20is%20the%20Hindu%20goddess,Ganesh%2C%20the%20remover%20of%20obstacles.
• Jaichithra, D. (2016). History as Myth in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children. Notions, 7(1), pp. 97-100.
• Jovanović, A., & Bratanović, E. (2018). Postcolonical India in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children. Internnational Conference on Social Science, Humanities & Education, (pp. 5-18). Berlin.
• Kalay, F., & Akar, M. (2013, Ağustos). The Bodies Coalesced with History in Rushdie's Midnight's Children and Grass' The Tin Drum. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, pp. 155-176.
• Kanagayanakam, C. (1987). Myth and Fabulosity in Midnight's Children. Dalhousie Review, pp. 86-98. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/60846
• Kaur, A. (2020, October-December). Mythological References: Glittering Gold in Salman Rushdie's Novels Grimus, Midnight's Children & The Moor's Last Sigh. Research Journal of English Language and Literature, pp. 29-33. doi:10.33329/rjelal.8.4.29
• Mahendrakumar, G. M., & Harode, R. (2016, March-April). Myth & History in Rushdie's Midnight's Children. Pune Research: An International Journal in English, 2(2), 1-8.
• Moor, E. (1810). The Hindu Pantheon. London: J. Johnson.
• Radavičiūtė, J. (2014, May 29). Undermining the Traditional Usage of the Synecdoche of the Nose in Salman Rushdie's Novel Midnight's Children. Res Humanitariae XIV, 87-100. doi:10.15181/rh.v0i14.759
• Rushdie, S. (1991). Midnight's Children. Janson: Penguin Books.
• Love, B. (n.d.). Salman Rushdie on India's Struggle for Independence & Midnight's Children. Retrieved from https://greenglobaltravel.com/salman-rushdie-midnights-children-movie/
• Sharp, K. (2015). The Saleem and Shiva Principle in Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children. Retrieved May 30, 2022, from https://central.edu/writing-anthology/2019/05/21/the-saleem-and-shiva-principle-in-rushdies-midnights-children/
• Suknović, M. S. (2020, June 22). Myths and Archetypes in Rushdie's Postcolonial World. Анали Филолошког факултета, 32(1), pp. 189-205. doi:10.18485/analiff.2020.32.1.11
• Weathers, W. (n.d.). Mythology in Modern Literature. The D.H. Lawrence Review, 6(2), pp. 201-213. Retrieved June 01, 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/44233424
• Wilkins, W. J. (1882). Hindu Mythology: Vedic and Puranic. London: William Clowes and Sons.
• Yogesh, M. (2015, November, December). Concept of Mythical History in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children. Pune Research: An International Journal in English, 1(3), 1-6.