ARKTİK BÖLGESİNDE İŞBİRLİĞİ VE ÇATIŞMA ARASINDA KURULMAYA ÇALIŞILAN DENGE: RUSYA ODAKLI BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 39, 260 - 294, 30.12.2021

Eray Alım

https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.932483

Öz

Arktik bölgesinde buzulların erimesine paralel olarak çatışma riskinden sıklıkla söz edilmektedir. Deniz yetki alanı, deniz kaynaklarına erişim ve uluslararası ulaşım gibi alanlarda Arktik’te ne gibi gelişmelerin yaşanabileceği ve bölge aktörleri arasında çatışma ya da işbirliği seçeneklerinden hangisinin ön plana çıkacağı cevabı aranan sorular arasındadır. Bu çalışma Rusya merkezli olarak vaka incelemesi yöntemini kullanarak; teorik bağlamda ise Karmaşık Bağımlılık tezinden yararlanarak, Arktik’te ihtilaf-işbirliği dengesine dair bir projeksiyon ortaya koymaktadır. Ulaşılan sonuç olarak, Karmaşık Bağımlılık tezi ekseninde bölgesel dinamiklerin süreç tarafına yakın durduğu saptanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, tarafların müşterek sorunlara çözüm üretme noktasında bir arada çalışma ve bunu gerektiğinde işbirliği çabalarını kurumsallaştırarak gerçekleştirme yönünde bir irade ortaya koydukları tespit edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arktik, İşbirliği, Çatışma, Rusya

THE BALANCE BETWEEN COOPERATION AND CONFLICT IN THE ARCTIC: A RUSSIA-FOCUSED ASSESSMENT

Öz

The melting of the ice mass in the Arctic is often viewed as a potential source of conflict. In the light of the issues related to maritime jurisdiction, marine resources and international shipping, questions are often raised as to which way the pendulum between cooperation and conflict will swing in the region. While this paper addresses this question, it employs the case study methodology with a specific focus on Russia, and draws upon the theory of Complex Interdependence. By way of conclusion, it is stipulated that between the two alternatives of “processes” and “capabilities”, regional dynamics tend closer to “processes” in the Arctic. This means that actors are inclined to collaborate to tackle common problems in the Arctic, which is, when required, implemented through the institutionalization of their cooperation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arctic, Cooperation, Conflict, Russia

Kaynakça

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