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Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye

Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 15 Haziran 2026
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Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye

Öz

This article analyzes the historical evolution of the World Bank’s global rural development policies and their reflections in Türkiye. The study’s central thesis argues that the Bank’s role in Türkiye has shifted from a 20th-century axis of capital transfer and rigid policy prescriptions to a 21st-century axis of normative governance, localization of procedural standards (environmental and social), and strengthening high-capacity local institutions. Adopting a qualitative research design, the study examines the Bank’s global policy documents and its project portfolio in Türkiye (1950-2025). The findings show that projects in Türkiye mirror this global transformation: from integrated development in the 1970s and structural adjustment in the 1980s to institutional reform projects in the 1990s. The current (2025) project portfolio is concentrated around themes of climate resilience, water efficiency, digitalization, and norm transfer. In conclusion, the article contends that the Bank’s potential contribution now lies in its role as a knowledge bank and norm setter. The study discusses the risks of normative dependency associated with this new relationship and presents policy recommendations focused on Türkiye’s national priorities. Furthermore, it analyzes the hybrid governance model of ARDSI, which will combine EU and WB norms, as a precedent the Bank could use in other candidate countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

World Bank, ARDSI, normative governance, rural development, rural norm

Kaynakça

  1. Agriculture and Forestry Council. (2025). IV. Tarım Orman Şurası 8. grup kırsal kalkınma, kırsalda yaşamın geleceği ve istihdam çalışma belgesi. Retrieved from https://cdniys.tarimorman.gov.tr/api/File/GetGaleriFile/505/DosyaGaleri/8547/iv._tarim_orman_surasi__8._grup_kirsal_kalkinma_kirsalda_yasamin_gelecegi_ve_istihdam_calisma_belgesi.pdf in 21.05.2026
  2. ARDSI. (2024). TKDK stratejik planı (2024-2028). Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution. Retrieved from https://tkdk.gov.tr/Content/File/Stratejik%20Plan%202024-2028.pdf?v=639078048917694870 in 21.05.2026
  3. ARDSI. (2026). Cumhurbaşkanı Yardımcısı Yılmaz, TARGET projesi’yle ilgili açıklamalarda bulundu. Agriculture and Rural Development Support Institution. Retrieved from https://www.tkdk.gov.tr/Haber/cumhurbaskani-yardimcisi-yilmaz-target-projesiyle-ilgili-aciklamalarda-bulundu-13085 in 21.05.2026.
  4. Eryiğit, B. H. ve Sarica, A. (2018). IMF, Dünya Bankası, OECD’nin yönetişim yaklaşımı ve kü-yerelleşme. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(1), 61-74.
  5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2025). World Food and Agriculture – Statistical Yearbook 2025. doi:10.4060/cd4313en
  6. Göngen, M. A. (2013). Küreselleşmenin Ekonomik Boyutu Küreselleşmeyi Yöneten Üç Ana Kurum: IMF, Dünya Bankası, Dünya Ticaret Örgütü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2013(29), 117-134. https://izlik.org/JA69TW45YW
  7. Gülçubuk, B., Köksal, Ö., Ataseven, Y., Gül, U. ve Kan, M. (2017). Tarım ve Kırsal Kalkınmayı Destekleme Kurumu tarafından desteklenen projelerin istihdam yaratma açısından değerlendirilmesi. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(1), 189-200.
  8. Güler Ünlü, A. (2024). Ekonomik krizler ve sosyal politikanın geleceği: Dünya Bankası, OECD ve ILO üzerine bir değerlendirme. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  9. IBRD. (2025). IBRD - Who we are? Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/who-we-are/ibrd in 28.12.2025.
  10. Kan, M. and Gülçubuk, B. (2025). New era of rural development in Türkiye: Digitalisation. ISPEC 17th International Conference on Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Rural Development (pp. 1386-1407).

Kaynak Göster

APA
Akkaya, M. A., & Gülçubuk, B. (2026). Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye. Ahi Evran Akademi, 7(1), 19-32. https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW
AMA
1.Akkaya MA, Gülçubuk B. Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye. AEA. 2026;7(1):19-32. https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW
Chicago
Akkaya, Muhsin Arif, ve Bülent Gülçubuk. 2026. “Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye”. Ahi Evran Akademi 7 (1): 19-32. https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW.
EndNote
Akkaya MA, Gülçubuk B (01 Haziran 2026) Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye. Ahi Evran Akademi 7 1 19–32.
IEEE
[1]M. A. Akkaya ve B. Gülçubuk, “Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye”, AEA, c. 7, sy 1, ss. 19–32, Haz. 2026, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW
ISNAD
Akkaya, Muhsin Arif - Gülçubuk, Bülent. “Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye”. Ahi Evran Akademi 7/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 19-32. https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW.
JAMA
1.Akkaya MA, Gülçubuk B. Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye. AEA. 2026;7:19–32.
MLA
Akkaya, Muhsin Arif, ve Bülent Gülçubuk. “Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye”. Ahi Evran Akademi, c. 7, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 19-32, https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW.
Vancouver
1.Muhsin Arif Akkaya, Bülent Gülçubuk. Global Norms, Local Implementation: The World Bank and Rural Development in Türkiye. AEA [Internet]. 01 Haziran 2026;7(1):19-32. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA26BS34DW