COVID-19 Pandemisinin Meme Kanseri Tarama ve Tanı Sürecine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi meme kanseri taramalarında ve tanısal işlemlerinde gecikmeye neden oldu. Bu çalışmanın amacı; pandemi sürecindeki meme kanseri tarama ve tanısal işlemleri ile yeni tanı konan meme kanseri meme kanseri olgularının pandemi öncesindeki dönemle karşılaştırılmasıydı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmada pandemi öncesinde (Mart 2019-Şubat 2020) ve pandemi sürecinde (Mart 2020- Şubat 2021) yapılan mamografi taramaları, görüntüleme eşliğinde meme biyopsiler ve yeni tanı alan meme kanseri vakaları değerlendirildi. Mamografi ve biyopsilerin sayıları ve zamana göre dağılımı karşılaştırıldı. Meme kanseri vakalarında ise tümörün histopatolojik özellikleri ve evresi karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Pandemi öncesine kıyasla pandemi sürecinde en belirgini Nisan (-%98) ve Mayıs (-%93) aylarında olmak üzere mamografi sayılarında toplamda %44 azalma olduğu görüldü. Görüntüleme eşliğinde biyopsi sayılarında Nisan (-%100) ve Mayıs aylarında önemli miktarda azalma olmakla birlikte Haziran ayında %29 ile başlayan ve devam eden artışla tüm pandemi periyodu değerlendirildiğinde azalma olmadığı görüldü. Meme kanseri grubunda ise pandemi öncesine kıyasla pandemi döneminde tanı anında metastaz ile başvuran hasta sayısında anlamlı artış olduğu görüldü (p=0.001). İki grup arasında tümörün hormon reseptör durumu, HER2 pozitifliği ya da derece açısından anlamlı fark olmadığı görüldü (p>0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında meme kanserinde hem tarama hem de tanı süreçlerinin önemli ölçüde etkilendiği gözlemlendi. Pandeminin ilk aylarında hastaneye başvurunun gecikmesinin tanı anında metastatik olan hastalarda artışa neden olduğu görüldü. Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused delays in breast cancer screening and diagnostic procedures. The aim of this research was to compare the status of breast cancer screenings and newly diagnosed breast cancer cases during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Material and method: This retrospective study included patients with screening mammography, imaging-guided biopsies, and newly diagnosed breast cancer from March 2020– February 2021 (during-COVID-19) were compared with March 2019–February 2020 (pre-COVID-19). We compared numbers and distribution over time of mammography and biopsies between the time periods. In the breast cancer group; the stage at diagnosis and histopathological features of the tumor were also compared. Results: Compared to pre-pandemic mammography scans, a 44% decrease was observed in total during pandemic, the most significant being in April (-98%) and May (-93%). While there was a significant decrease in the number of biopsies in April (-100%) and May (-69%), it was seen that there was no decrease in the pandemic period when the whole year was looked at with a rebound increase that started with 29% in June. In the breast cancer group, there was a significant increase in the number of patients who were metastatic at the time of diagnosis compared to the pre-pandemic period (p=0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of tumor grade, hormone receptor status, or HER2 positivity (p>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that both screening and diagnosis processes in breast cancer were significantly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was observed that the delay in admission to the hospital in the first months of the pandemic resulted in an increase in patients who were metastatic at the time of diagnosis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• meme kanseri
• kanser taraması

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Process

Öz

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused delays in breast cancer screening and diagnostic procedures. The aim of this research was to compare the status of breast cancer screenings and newly diagnosed breast cancer cases during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. Material and method: This retrospective study included patients with screening mammography, imaging-guided biopsies, and newly diagnosed breast cancer from March 2020– February 2021 (during-COVID-19) were compared with March 2019–February 2020 (pre-COVID-19). We compared numbers and distribution over time of mammography and biopsies between the time periods. In the breast cancer group; the stage at diagnosis and histopathological features of the tumor were also compared. Results: Compared to pre-pandemic mammography scans, a 44% decrease was observed in total during pandemic, the most significant being in April (-98%) and May (-93%). While there was a significant decrease in the number of biopsies in April (-100%) and May (-69%), it was seen that there was no decrease in the pandemic period when the whole year was looked at with a rebound increase that started with 29% in June. In the breast cancer group, there was a significant increase in the number of patients who were metastatic at the time of diagnosis compared to the pre-pandemic period (p=0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of tumor grade, hormone receptor status, or HER2 positivity (p>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that both screening and diagnosis processes in breast cancer were significantly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was observed that the delay in admission to the hospital in the first months of the pandemic resulted in an increase in patients who were metastatic at the time of diagnosis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• meme kanseri
• kanser taraması

Kaynakça

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