Yenidoğan Döneminde Terk Edilen Bebeklerin Sosyodemografik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Giriş: Yenidoğan döneminde Çocuk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü’ne teslim edilen bebekler, dünya genelinde önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Genellikle aile içi şiddet, sosyal ve ekonomik yetersizlikler, istenmeyen gebelikler, madde bağımlılığı ve mental hastalıklarla ilişkilidir. Terk edilen bebekler, prematürite, düşük doğum ağırlığı, konjenital anomaliler ve enfeksiyon gibi ek sağlık sorunları açısından yüksek risk altındadır. Bu çalışmada, hastanemizde yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YYBÜ) takip edilen ve sonrasında terk bebek olmaları sebebiyle Çocuk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü’ne teslim edilen bebeklerin sosyodemografik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, Ocak 2020- Ocak 2025 tarihleri arasında YYBÜ’de takip edilen ve terk edilen 30 bebek değerlendirildi. Demografik veriler, gebelik haftası, doğum ağırlığı, ek hastalıklar, madde kullanımı, bulaşıcı hastalık varlığı ve terk edilme nedenleri kaydedildi. Bebeklerin ortalama yatış süresi, klinik seyri ve mortalite oranları analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışma döneminde toplam 3371 yenidoğan yoğun bakım hastası içinde 30 bebek (0.9%) Çocuk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü’ne teslim edildi. Bebeklerin ortalama doğum haftası 37 hafta, doğum ağırlığı 2711.8 gramdı. Takip edilen bebeklerin sekizi (26.7%) prematüreydi. En sık terk edilme nedeni, annelerin madde bağımlılığıydı (40%). Annelerin madde kullanımında en yaygın tespit edilen maddeler eroin ve pregabalindi. İkisi (6.7%) göçmen statüsünde aile bebeğiydi. YYBÜ’de ortalama yatış süresi 34.9 gündü. Bir bebek (3.3%) DIDMOAD tanısı aldı ve ex oldu. Sonuç: Ailelerin sosyal destek mekanizmalarına erişiminin artırılması, madde bağımlılığına yönelik rehabilitasyon programlarının yaygınlaştırılması ve erken müdahale stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde terk edilen bebeklerin sayısını azaltmada kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, multidisipliner bir yaklaşım benimsenerek sosyal hizmetler, sağlık profesyonelleri ve hukuki düzenlemelerin entegrasyonu sağlanmalı; böylece, bu bebeklerin uzun vadeli sağlığı ve refahı desteklenmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yenidoğan
• terk bebek
• sosyal hizmetler

Analysis of The Sociodemographic Characteristics of Infants Abandoned During The Neonatal Period

Öz

Introduction: Infants delivered to the General Directorate of Child Services during the neonatal period are considered to be a significant public health problem on a global scale. It is usually associated with domestic violence, social and economic inadequacies, unwanted pregnancies, substance abuse, and mental illness. It is well-documented that infants who are abandoned are significantly more likely to experience a range of additional health complications. These include, but are not limited to, preterm birth, low birth weight, congenital anomalies, and infection. This study aimed to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of infants who were followed up in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of our hospital and then handed over to the General Directorate of Child Services due to abandonment. Method: In this retrospective study, 30 infants who were abandoned and subsequently admitted to the NICU between January 2020 and January 2025 were evaluated. The following data were recorded: demographic data, gestational week, birth weight, comorbidities, substance use, presence of infectious diseases and reasons for abandonment. The mean length of stay, clinical course and mortality rates were analyzed. Results: During the study period, 30 infants (0.9%) among a total of 3.371 neonatal intensive care unit patients were referred to the General Directorate of Child Services. The mean gestational age of the infants was 37 weeks, and their birth weights were recorded as 2711.8 grams. Of the infants who were subsequently observed, 26.7% were born prematurely. The most common reason for abandonment was substance abuse of the mothers (40%). Heroin and pregabalin were the most common substances detected in the substance abuse of mothers. Of these infants, 6.7% were classified as having immigrant status. The mean length of stay in the NICU was 34.9 days. One infant (3.3%) was diagnosed with DIDMOAD and died. Conclusion: It is vital to acknowledge the significance of enhancing families' access to social support mechanisms, expanding rehabilitation programmes for substance abuse, and developing early intervention strategies to reduce the number of abandoned infants in NICUs. In this context, a multidisciplinary approach should be adopted, and integration of social services, health professionals, and legal regulations should be ensured; thus, the long-term health and well-being of these babies should be supported.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• newborn
• abandoned baby
• social services

Kaynakça

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