DOĞUM SIRASININ GÖLGESİNDE: AFEKTİF MİZAÇ, ALGILANAN EBEVEYN TUTUMLARI VE MADDE KULLANIM BOZUKLUKLARI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 57 Sayı: 3, 129 - 136, 22.01.2025

Mustafa Danışman , Gamze Zengin İspir , Kübra Sezer Katar , Hülya Çıtak

https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1572446

Öz

Amaç: Kişilik gelişiminde, bireylerin mizaç özelliklerinin yanı sıra anne baba tutumları ve doğum sıraları önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Mizaç özellikleri, doğum sıraları ve algıladıkları anne-baba tutumları, bireylerin madde kullanımlarını ve bu davranışı sürdürmelerini etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmada, Adler’in doğum sırası teorisinin, bireylerin mizaç özellikleri ve algılanan anne baba tutumları ekseninde madde kullanım bozukluklarıyla (MKB) ilişkisinin araştırılması planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya, XXX Hastanesi Alkol ve madde bağımlılığı tedavi merkezine başvuran 37 MKB tanılı hasta ve 37 madde kullanımı olmayan kardeşi dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların mizaç özellikleri ve ebeveyn tutumları Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionaire (TEMPS-A Mizaç Ölçeği) ve Kısaltılmış Algılanan Ebeveyn Tutumları Ölçeği-Çocuk Formu (KAET-Ç) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Veri analizinde, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, Spearman korelasyon katsayısı ve ikili lojistik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: MKB tanılı bireylerin depresif, siklotimik, irritabl ve anksiyöz mizaç düzeylerinin kardeşlerine göre anlamlı derecede yüksek (p < 0.05) olduğu ve algılanan reddedici ebeveyn tutumlarıyla da ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Doğum sırasına göre yapılan analizlerde, tüm gruplarda siklotimik mizaç düzeylerinin ilk ve son çocuklarda daha yüksek olduğu; öte yandan, hipotezlerimizin aksine, hiçbir grupta doğum sırasıyla algılanan anne baba tutumları arasında bir ilişki olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarında, en son doğan bireylerin diğerlerine göre MKB geliştirme olasılığının 5,34 kat daha fazla olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Bireylerin aile içindeki doğum sırası perspektifinden yaşadıkları zorlukların değerlendirilmesi, bağımlılık tedavisinde etkili hizmetlerin sunulmasına yardımcı olabilir. Çalışmamızda algılanan ebeveyn tutumları ile mizaç özellikleri arasında bir ilişki varken, doğum sıralarıyla böyle bir ilişkinin olmayışı, mizaç özelliklerinin doğum sırasının algılanan anne-baba tutumlarına etkisini modere edebileceğini düşündürtmektedir. Bağımlı bireylerin MKB olmayan kardeşlerine göre baskın affektif mizaç özelliklerinin, reddedici ebeveyn tutumlarıyla anlamlı ilişkili olduğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, ebeveyn öfke ve düşmanlığını azaltabilecek davranışsal ebeveyn eğitim programlarının yaygınlaştırılmasını öneriyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afektif mizaç, algılanan ebeveyn tutumları, doğum sırası, madde kullanım bozuklukları

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmamız için herhangi bir kurumdan finansal destek alınmamıştır.

Teşekkür

Çalışmamıza gösterdiğiniz ilgi ve takdirleriniz için teşekkür ederiz.

SHADOWS OF BIRTH ORDER: AFFECTIVE TEMPERAMENT, PERCEIVED PARENTAL ATTITUDES, AND SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS

Öz

Aim: In personality development temperamental traits, along with parental attitudes and birth order play a crucial role. These factors—temperamental traits, birth order, perceived parental attitudes—can influence substance use and its continuation. This study aims to explore the relationship between Adler's birth order theory, temperamental traits and perceived parental attitudes in the context of substance use disorders (SUDs).
Material and method: The study included 37 SUD patients from XXX Hospital's Alcohol and Drug Treatment Center and 37 siblings without substance use. Participants temperamental traits and parental attitudes were assessed using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) and the Short Form of the Perceived Parental Attitudes Scale-Child Form (s-EMBU). Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Spearman correlation coefficient, and binary logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis.
Results: Individuals with SUD had significantly higher depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious temperaments than their siblings (p < 0.05), and these traits were linked to perceived rejecting parental attitudes. Birth order analysis showed higher cyclothymic temperament in the first and last children. However, contrary to our hypotheses, no relationship was observed between birth order and perceived parental attitudes in any groups. According to regression analysis, individuals who were last-born had a 5.34 times higher likelihood of developing SUD compared to others.
Conclusion: Assessing challenges based on birth order can aid in providing effective addiction treatment services. Our study found a link between perceived parental attitudes and temperamental traits, but not with birth order. This suggests temperamental traits may moderate the effect of birth order on perceived parental attitudes. Given the strong link between affective temperamental traits and rejecting parental attitudes, we recommend implementing behavioral parent training programs to reduce parental anger and hostility.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Affective temperament, birth order, perceived parental attitudes, substance use disorder

Kaynakça

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