Mediterranean Diet and Health

Abstract

Nutrition; It is the use of nutrients for growth, maintenance of life and protection of health and it is at the forefront of human needs. As a result of scientific researches that have been going on since the beginning of the 20th century, nutrition has become a science. Studies have shown that nutritional differences vary considerably on human health. In large-scale, community-based clinical-scale studies; It has been proven that a diet in which vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grain products, fish and low-fat milk and products are consumed excessively reduces the risk of catching non-communicable chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Keys et al., while working on nutritional habits, defined the diet pattern here as the 'Mediterranean Diet', as a result of their research in Mediterranean populations, with the relatively low incidence of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, the basic nutrients in the Mediterranean diet, which foods and how often we should consume; It has also been underlined how proper nutrition is effective in protecting our health.

Keywords

• Mediterranean diet
• Olive oil
• Health

Akdeniz Diyeti ve Sağlık

Öz

Beslenme; büyüme, yaşamın sürdürülmesi ve sağlığın korunması için besinlerin kullanılmasıdır ve insan gereksinmelerinin en başında gelmektedir. 20. yüzyılın başından bu yana devam eden bilimsel araştırmalar sonucu, beslenme bir bilim dalı haline gelmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalarda beslenme farklılıklarının insan sağlığı üzerinde oldukça değişkenlik gösterdiği gözlenmiştir. Geniş ölçekli, toplumu temel alarak yapılan klinik ölçekli çalışmalarda; sebze, meyve, kuru baklagil, tam tahıl ürünleri, balık ve az yağlı süt ve ürünlerinin fazlaca tüketildiği bir diyette insanların kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kanser başta olmak üzere bulaşıcı olmayan kronik hastalıklara yakalanma riskinin azaldığı kanıtlanmıştır. Keys ve arkadaşları beslenme alışkanlıkları üzerinde çalışırken Akdeniz topluluklarında yaptıkları araştırma sonucu, kardiyovasküler hastalıkların nispeten az görülmesiyle burada ki diyet örüntüsünü ‘Akdeniz Diyeti’ olarak tanımlamışlardır. Bu derlemede Akdeniz diyetinde temel olarak yer alan besinleri, hangi besinleri ne sıklıkla tüketmemiz gerektiğine yer verilirken; doğru beslenmenin sağlığımızı korumada nasıl etkili olduğunun da altı çizilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akdeniz diyeti
• Zeytinyağı
• Sağlık

Kaynakça

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