Emergency Issues and Resilience Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Öz

The main objective of the study is to analyze the psychosocial, socio-economic and possible environmental crises based on the perception of the public in Turkey due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to try to examine the emergency issues caused by the pandemic and the factors affecting community resilience. For this purpose, after explaining the emergence of the COVID-19 Pandemic, resilience and emergency issuess were mentioned, the findings of the study were included. Within the scope of the study, it was adapted from another similar study and expert opinions were taken. In the study, in which 333 participants were reached, it was concluded that the participants were negatively affected mentally due to the pandemic, there were problems in the use of the health system of our country, the state should be more consistent in the measures against the pandemic, the prices of basic necessities increased significantly compared to the pre-pandemic period, the virus may have been transmitted to more people than detected. and that may happen while the pandemic continues It was concluded that they thought that the economic effects of secondary disasters could be severe. In this process we live in and in the future, it will be very important to be prepared in all aspects and to develop policies against any epidemic that may turn into a pandemic, at the point of establishing the resilience of our society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disaster
• Emergency
• Resilience
• Covid-19 Pandemic

Türkiye'de COVID-19 Salgını Nedeniyle Oluşan Acil Durum Sorunları ve Dirençlilik

Öz

Çalışmanın temel hedefi COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle Türkiye’de halkın algısına dayalı olarak psikososyal, sosyo-ekonomik ve olası çevresel krizleri analiz etmek, salgın nedeniyle oluşan acil durum sorunlarını ve toplumsal dirençliliği etkileyen unsurları irdelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda COVID-19 Pandemisinin ortaya çıkışı hakkında açıklamalar yapılarak dirençlilik ve acil durum sorunlarından bahsedildikten sonra çalışmanın bulgularına yer verilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında benzer yapılmış bir başka çalışmadan uyarlanmış ve uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. 333 katılımcıya ulaşılan çalışmada katılımcıların pandemi nedeniyle mental olarak yüksek oranda olumsuz olarak etkilendikleri, ülkemizin sağlık sisteminin kullanımı noktasında sorunlar olduğu, salgına yönelik tedbirlerde devletin daha tutarlı olması gerektiği, pandemi öncesi döneme göre temel ihtiyaç malzemelerinin fiyatlarının çok arttığı, virüsün tespit edilenden fazla kişiye bulaşmış olabileceği ve pandemi devam ederken olabilecek ikincil afetlerin ekonomik etkilerinin ağır olabileceğini düşündükleri sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Yaşanılan bu süreçte ve gelecekte pandemiye dönüşebilecek her türlü salgına karşı tüm yönleriyle hazırlıklı olunması ve politikalar geliştirilmesi, toplumun dirençliliğin tesis edilmesi noktasında oldukça önemli olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet
• Acil Durum
• Dirençlilik
• Covid-19 Pandemi

Kaynakça

1. Ahmad, N. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on Healthcare Industry and Public Health Infrastructure. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications, 14(6), 164-169. doi:10.21786/bbrc/14.6.36
2. Bhattacharjee, B., ve Acharya, T. (2020). “The COVID-19 Pandemic and its Effect on Mental Health in USA – A Review with Some Coping Strategies”. Psychiatric Quarterly, 91(4), 1135-1145. doi:10.1007/s11126-020-09836-0
3. Bodrud-Doza, M., Shammi, M., Bahlman, L., Islam, A., ve Rahman, M. M. (2020). Psychosocial and Socio-Economic Crisis in Bangladesh Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perception-Based Assessment. Front Public Health, 8, 341. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00341
4. Chien, L.-C., ve Lin, R.-T. (2020). COVID-19 Outbreak, Mitigation, and Governance in High Prevalent Countries. Annals of Global Health, 86(1), 119. doi:10.5334/aogh.3011
5. Cirakli, U., Dogan, I., ve Gozlu, M. (2021). The Relationship Between COVID-19 Cases and COVID-19 Testing: a Panel Data Analysis on OECD Countries. Journal of the Knowledge Economy. doi:10.1007/s13132-021-00792-z
6. Duan, L., ve Zhu, G. (2020). Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), 300-302. doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30073-0
7. Fiorillo, A., ve Gorwood, P. (2020). The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and implications for clinical practice. European Psychiatry, 63(1), 1-4. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.35
8. Gaffney, A., Himmelstein, D. U., ve Woolhandler, S. (2020). COVID-19 and US Health Financing: Perils and Possibilities. International Journal of Health Services, 50(4), 396-407. doi:10.1177/0020731420931431

9. Gerçek, M., ve Yılmaz Börekçi, D. (2019). “Resilience” Kavramina Örgüt Bağlaminda Türkçe Karşilik Önerileri. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. doi:10.35379/cusosbil.588230
10. Gereffi, G. (2020). What does the COVID-19 pandemic teach us about global value chains? The case of medical supplies. Journal of International Business Policy, 3(3), 287-301. doi:10.1057/s42214-020-00062-w
11. Graham, H. R., Bagayana, S. M., Bakare, A. A., Olayo, B. O., Peterson, S. S., Duke, T., ve Falade, A. G. (2020). Improving Hospital Oxygen Systems for COVID-19 in Low-Resource Settings: Lessons From the Field. Global Health: Science and Practice, 8(4), 858-862. doi:10.9745/ghsp-d-20-00224
12. Hopman, J., Allegranzi, B., ve Mehtar, S. (2020). Managing COVID-19 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. JAMA, 323(16), 1549. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4169
13. Hossain, M. M., Tasnim, S., Sultana, A., Faizah, F., Mazumder, H., Zou, L., ve Ma, P. (2020). Epidemiology of mental health problems in COVID-19: a review. F1000Research, 9, 636. doi:10.12688/f1000research.24457.1
14. Hummel, S., Oetjen, N., Du, J., Posenato, E., Resende De Almeida, R. M., Losada, R., ve Schultz, J.-H. (2021). Mental Health Among Medical Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Eight European Countries: Cross-sectional Survey Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(1), e24983. doi:10.2196/24983
15. Karasar, N. (2020). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
16. Kundak, S. (2017). Dirençliliğin Temeli. Resilience, 1(1), 55-69. doi:10.32569/resilience.358081
17. Lai, K. Y., Webster, C., Kumari, S., ve Sarkar, C. (2020). The nature of cities and the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2020.08.008
18. Levy, D. L. (2021). COVID‐19 and Global Governance. Journal of Management Studies, 58(2), 562-566. doi:10.1111/joms.12654
19. Mavroulis, S., Mavrouli, M., ve Lekkas, E. (2021). Geological and hydrometeorological hazards and related disasters amid COVID-19 pandemic in Greece: Post-disaster trends and factors affecting the COVID-19 evolution in affected areas. Safety Science, 138, 23. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105236
20. McGriff, J. A., ve Denny, L. (2020). What COVID-19 Reveals about the Neglect of WASH within Infection Prevention in Low-Resource Healthcare Facilities. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(5), 1762-1764. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0638
21. Memiş, L., ve Babaoğlu, C. (2020). Acil Durum ve Afet Yönetiminde Süreç Yaklaşimi Ve Teknoloji. Technology And Stages Approach In Emergency And Disaster Management., 13(4), 776-791. doi:10.25287/ohuiibf.731103
22. Özer, Y. E. (2018). Dirençli Kentler Ekin Yayınevi.
23. Pak, A., Adegboye, O. A., Adekunle, A. I., Rahman, K. M., McBryde, E. S., ve Eisen, D. P. J. F. i. p. h. (2020). Economic consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak: the need for epidemic preparedness. 8, 241.
24. Peters, D. J. (2020). Community Susceptibility and Resiliency to COVID‐19 Across the Rural‐Urban Continuum in the United States. The Journal of Rural Health, 36(3), 446-456. doi:10.1111/jrh.12477
25. Qureshi, A. I., Suri, M. F. K., Chu, H., Suri, H. K., ve Suri, A. K. (2021). Early mandated social distancing is a strong predictor of reduction in peak daily new COVID-19 cases. Public Health, 190, 160-167. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.015
26. Reich, M. R. (2020). Pandemic Governance in Japan and the United States: The Control-Tower Metaphor. Health systems and reform, 6(1), e1829314. doi:10.1080/23288604.2020.1829314
27. Shammi, M., Bodrud-Doza, M., Islam, A. R. M. T., ve Rahman, M. M. (2021). Strategic assessment of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: comparative lockdown scenario analysis, public perception, and management for sustainability. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(4), 6148-6191. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-00867-y
28. Sheykhi, M. T. (2020). Coronavirus Environment vs Socio-Economic and Demographic Problems Followed: A Sociological Appraisal. Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, 18(8), 46-50. doi:10.5742MEWFM.2020.93844
29. Siche, R. (2020). What is the impact of COVID-19 disease on agriculture? Scientia Agropecuaria, 11(1), 3-6.
30. Stehrenberger, C. S. (2020). COVID-19 und die Geschichte der sozialwissenschaftlichen Katastrophenforschung. NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin, 28(2), 227-233. doi:10.1007/s00048-020-00254-8
31. Tuğaç, Ç. (2019). Kentsel Dirençlilik Perspektifinden Yerel Yönetimlerin Görevleri ve Sorumlulukları. İDEALKENT, 984-1019. doi:10.31198/idealkent.634144
32. Üstün, Ç., ve Özçi̇ftçi̇, S. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Life and Ethical Plane: An Evaluation Study. Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 142-153. doi:10.21673/anadoluklin.721864
33. Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., ve Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30547-x
34. Wang, X., Hegde, S., Son, C., Keller, B., Smith, A., ve Sasangohar, F. (2020). Investigating Mental Health of US College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e22817. doi:10.2196/22817
35. Wei, Y., Ye, Z., Cui, M., ve Wei, X. (2021). COVID-19 prevention and control in China: grid governance. Journal of Public Health, 43(1), 76-81. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdaa175
36. Zambrano, L. I., Fuentes-Barahona, I. C., Henriquez-Marquez, K. I., Vasquez-Bonilla, W. O., Sierra, M., Muñoz-Lara, F., . . . Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. (2021). COVID-19 and Hurricanes: The Impact of Natural Disasters during a Pandemic in Honduras, Central America. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 36(2), 246-248. doi:10.1017/s1049023x21000182