Determination of Atmospheric Stability Conditions Affecting the Distribution of Potential Radiological Contamination at Nuclear Power Plant Sites of Türkiye Using the Pasquill-Gifford Method

Abstract

One of the most critical factors determining the dispersion of radiological pollution in the atmosphere is atmospheric stability conditions. This study aims to determine the stability conditions that influence dispersion at nuclear power plant sites in Türkiye. Based on satellite-derived data, the stability characteristics of these sites were calculated using the Pasquill-Gifford classification. The findings indicate that in the vicinity of Akkuyu, stability classes B–C (moderately to slightly unstable) and C (slightly unstable) predominate during daytime throughout the year. Unstable atmospheric conditions are advantageous for turbulent dispersion. At the İnceburun site, class D (neutral) conditions prevail during daytime in winter, while class C (slightly unstable) dominates in autumn, and classes B–C (moderately to slightly unstable) in spring and summer. Although winter conditions are relatively stable and may hinder dispersion, the other seasons present more favorable conditions. In the İğneada region, class D (neutral) is more frequently observed during the daytime. In this area, vertical mixing and dispersion of radionuclides in the atmosphere are likely to be limited, with transport primarily governed by laminar, wind-driven advection. Enhancing such studies at nuclear power plant sites through diverse data sources and methodologies will help ensure that precautionary measures and future developments are grounded on a more robust scientific basis.

Keywords

• Akkuyu
• Atmospheric Stability
• İğneada
• İnceburun
• Nuclear Contamination

Türkiye’nin Nükleer Santral Alanlarında Potansiyel Radyolojik Kirliliğin Dağılımını Etkileyecek Atmosfer Kararlılık Şartlarının Pasquill-Gifford Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi

Öz

Radyolojik kirliliğin atmosferdeki dağılımını belirleyen en önemli faktörlerden biri atmosferin kararlılık özellikleridir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin nükleer santral alanlarında dağılımı etkileyecek olan kararlılık şartlarının belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada uydu kaynaklarından elde edilen veriler kullanılarak, Pasquill-Gifford sınıflandırmasına göre sahalara ait kararlılık özellikleri hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Akkuyu çevresinde gündüz süresinde yıl içerisinde B-C (Orta derecede kararsız-az kararsız) ve C (Az kararsız) sınıfı hakimdir. Kararsız atmosfer koşulları türbülansif dağılım açısından avantaj oluşturmaktadır. İnceburun sahasında gündüz koşullarında; kış mevsiminde D (Nötr), sonbaharda C (Az kararsız), ilkbahar ve yaz mevsimlerinde B-C (Orta derecede kararsız-az kararsız) şartları yaygındır. Kış mevsimi dağılımı sınırlandıran kararlılık özelliklerine sahip olsa da diğer zaman dilimlerinde şartlar nispeten elverişlidir. İğneada çevresinde ise gündüz koşullarında daha çok D (Nötr) sınıfı görülür. Sahada radyonüklidlerin atmosferdeki dikey dağılımının ve karışımın sınırlı olması muhtemeldir. Daha çok rüzgarlar aracılığıyla laminer bir taşınım oluşabilir. Nükleer santral alanlarına ait yapılan bu tip çalışmaların farklı veri kaynakları ve metodolojilerle desteklenmesi, alınacak önlemlerin ve gerçekleştirilecek atılımların daha bilimsel bir zeminde ilerlemesini sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akkuyu
• Atmosfer Kararlılığı
• İğneada
• İnceburun
• Nükleer Kirlilik

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