Myth Evaluations of Nursing Students about Older Adults during Disasters

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 463 - 472, 31.10.2022

Hüseyin Koçak Cüneyt Çalışkan Arife Silahçılar Seyran Şenveli

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1011039

Öz

Ensuring the health welfare of older adults in emergencies and disasters is a public health problem. This study aims to analyze the evaluation of the myths, which older adults are exposed to during disasters and emergencies, by the nursing students of a university. The number of the students in the descriptive cross-sectional study was 377, and 83.0% of the population were reached. The data of the variables included some questions of the questionnaire used by the UNISDR in a research about the elderly and the myth questions in the book entitled International Disaster Nursing. 80.4% of the research group were female and 56.0 were junior class students, whereas 93.6% lived with both parents and 38.5% had a disaster. The mean (SS) age of the group was 19.89 (1.7) and the mean scores of the participants were 2.97 (1.07) for the Older People Myth Index (OPMI), 30.94 (6.19) for the vulnerability index and 6.41 (1.73) for the value index. . In logistic regression modeling with selected variables, there was a relationship between the junior variable and the OPMI. Accordingly, the junior class is inadequate in terms of elderly disaster myth rating compared to the senior class (OR = 2.11; GA = 1.055-4.225, p <0.05). There was a relationship between the students' OPMI scores and the junior classes. Therefore, it was found that education had a positive effect on the perception of older adults.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disaster, Nursing, Myth, Older Adults, University

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Afetlerde Yaşlılar Hakkındaki Mit Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Acil durumlarda ve afetlerde yaşlıların sağlık refahının sağlanması bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışma, bir üniversitenin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin afet ve acil durumlarda yaşlıların maruz kaldıkları mitlere ilişkin değerlendirmelerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışmada öğrenci sayısı 377 olup, evrenin %83.0'ına ulaşılmıştır. Ankette UNISDR tarafından yaşlılar hakkında bir araştırmada kullanılan anket çalışmasının bazı soruları ve International Disaster Nursing kitabında yer alan mit soruları kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubunun %80,4'ü kadın ve %56,0'ı birinci sınıf öğrencisi dir. Katılımcıların %93,6'sı her iki ebeveyni ile birlikte yaşıyor ve %38.5'i bir afet yaşamıştır. Grubun yaş ortalaması (SS) 19,89 (1,07) ve katılımcıların ortalama puanları Yaşlı Yetişkinler Mit İndeksi (OPMI) için 2,97 (1,07), savunmasızlık indeksi için 30,94 (6,19) ve değer indeksi için 6,41 (1,73)'dir. Seçilen değişkenlerle lojistik regresyon modellemesinde, junior değişken ile OPMI arasında bir ilişki vardı. Buna göre alt sınıf, kıdemli sınıfa göre yaşlı afet mit derecelendirmesi açısından yetersizdir (OR = 2.11; GA = 1.055-4.225, p <0.05). Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; öğrencilerin OPMI puanları ile alt sınıflar arasında bir ilişki vardır. Dolayısıyla eğitimin yaşlı yetişkin algısı üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afet, Hemşirelik, Mitler, Üniversite, Yaşlılar

Kaynakça

• Adams, Richard E., and Joseph A. Boscarino (2006). “Predictors of PTSD and Delayed PTSD After Disaster The Impact of Exposure and Psychosocial Resources.” J Nerv Ment Dis 194(7):485–93. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000228503.95503.e9.
• Adams, Vincanne, Sharon R. Kaufman, Taslim Van Hattum, and Sandra Moody (2011). “Aging Disaster: Mortality, Vulnerability, and Long-Term Recovery Among Katrina Survivors.” Med Anthropol 30(3):247–70. doi: 10.1080/01459740.2011.560777.Aging.
• Anon. (2018). “UNISDR.” Retrieved April 26 2018 (https://www.unisdr.org/we/campaign/iddr).
• Beard, John R., Alana M. Officer, and Andrew K. Cassels. (2016). “The World Report on Ageing and Health.” The Gerontologist 56(Suppl 2): S163–66. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnw037.
• Brockie, Lauren, and Evonne Miller (2017). “Understanding Older Adults’ Resilience During the Brisbane Floods: Social Capital, Life Experience, and Optimism.” Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11(01):72–79. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.161.
• Burkholder Allen, Kelly (2010). “Populations with Vulnerabilities and Special Needs.” Pp. 289–306 in International Disaster Nursing, edited by R. Powers and E. Daily. Cambridge University Press.
• Cohen, Perscy S. (1969). Theories of Myth. Man, New Series, 4(3): pp. 337-353. https://doi.org/10.2307/2798111
• Cook, Joan M (2002). “Traumatic Exposure and PTSD in Older Adults: Introduction to the Special Issue.” Journal of Clinical Geropsychology 8(3):149–52. doi: 10.1023/A:1015997209635.
• Deeny, Pat, Catherine T. Vitale, Ruth Spelman, and Seana Duggan (2010). “Addressing the Imbalance: Empowering Older People in Disaster Response and Preparedness.” International Journal of Older People Nursing 5(1):77–80. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2009.00204.x.
• Ferraro, F. Richard (2003). “Psychological Resilience in Older Adults Following the 1997 Flood.” Clinical Gerontologist 26(3–4):139–43. doi: 10.1300/J018v26n03_11.
• Gulley, Kelly, Kandra Strauss-Riggs, and Craig Goolsby (2017). “Caring for Older Adults in Disasters: A Special Collection of Papers for a Special Population.” Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11(01):26–27. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2017.4.
• Hartong, Jessica (2014). Disaster Resilience in an Ageing World : How to Make Policies and Programmes Inclusive of Older People. London, UK.
• Heid, Allison R., Seran Schug, Francine P. Cartwright, and Rachel Pruchno (2017). “Challenges Faced and Support Received: Older Adults’ Perceptions of Hurricane Sandy.” Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness 11(1):39–47. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.133.
• HelpAge International (2005). The Impact of the Indian Ocean Tsunami on Older People. London, UK.
• Heydari, Abbas, Mohammadhesam Sharifi, and Ahmad Bagheri Moghaddam (2019). “Challenges and Barriers to Providing Care to Older Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Research.” Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7(21):3682–90. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.846.
• Hutton, David (2008). Older People in Emergencies: Considerations for Action and Policy Development.
• Ichiseki, Hajime (2013). “Features of Disaster-Related Deaths after the Great East Japan Earthquake.” The Lancet 381(9862):204. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60091-4.
• Jacob, Binu, Anthony R. Mawson, Marinelle Payton, and John C. Guignard (2008). “Disaster Mythology and Fact : Hurricane Katrina and Social Attachment.” Public Health Reports 123(October 2008):555–66. doi: 10.1177/003335490812300505.
• Knight, Bob G., Margaret Gatz, Kenneth Heller, and Vern L. Bengtson (2000). “Age and Emotional Response to the Northridge Earthquake: A Longitudinal Analysis.” Psychology and Aging 15(4):627–34. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.15.4.627.
• Littleton Kearney, Marguerite T., and Lynn A. Slepski (2008). “Directions for Disaster Nursing Education in the United States.” Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America 20(1):103–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2007.10.008.
• McClelland, Erin, Richard Amlôt, M. Brooke Rogers, G. James Rubin, John Tesh, and Julia M. Pearce (2017). “Psychological and Physical Impacts of Extreme Events on Older Adults: Implications for Communications.” Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11(01):127–34. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.118.
• McGuire, Lisa C., Earl S. Ford, and Catherine A. Okoro (2007). “Natural Disasters and Older US Adults with Disabilities: Implications for Evacuation.” Disasters 31(1):49–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2007.00339.x.
• McSweeney Feld, Mary Helen (2017). “Assistive Technology and Older Adults in Disasters: Implications for Emergency Management.” Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 11(01):135–39. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.160.
• Richeson, Jennifer A., and J. Nicole Shelton (2006). “A Social Psychological Perspective on the Stigmatization of Older Adults.” in When I’m 64, edited by L. L. Carstensen and C. R. Hartel. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies press.
• The Sphere Project. n.d. “Sphere Guidelines.” Retrieved May 31, 2018 (http://www.sphereproject.org/).
• Tuohy, Robyn, and Christine Stephens (2012). “Older Adults’ Narratives about a Flood Disaster: Resilience, Coherence, and Personal Identity.” Journal of Aging Studies 26(1):26–34. doi: 10.1016/j.jaging.2011.06.002.
• Tuohy, Robyn, Christine Stephens, and David Johnston (2014). “Older Adults׳ Disaster Preparedness in the Context of the September 2010–December 2012 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 9:194–203. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2014.05.010.
• Turkish Statistical Institute (2021). İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar, 2020.
• Turkish Language Society. Great Turkish Dictionary (2022). https://sozluk.gov.tr
• UN. 2002. Political Declaration and Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing. Madrdi, Spain. Erişim: 15 June 2022
• UNHCR. 1998. UNHCR Assistance to Older Refugees.
• Watanabe, Chie, Junko Okumura, Tai-Yuan Chiu, and Susumu Wakai (2004). “Social Support and Depressive Symptoms Among Displaced Older Adults Following the 1999 Taiwan Earthquake.” 17(1):63–67. doi: 10.1023/B:JOTS.0000014678.79875.30.
• WHO (2018). Ageing and Health.