The Effect of Health Professionals' Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccines on Hesitance Situations: The Mediator Role of Vaccine Confidence

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 119 - 127, 31.03.2023

Yalçın Karagöz Fuat Yalman

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1169103

Öz

Purpose of the research is to evaluate the attitudes, hesitancy and confidence of healthcare professionals towards COVID-19 vaccines during the second peak period of the COVID-19 epidemic in Turkey, and to determine the mediating role of vaccine confidence in the effect of their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines on hesitancy. A hospital-based cross-sectional research design was used in the study. The population of the research consisted of the health workers of three different training and research hospitals operating in Istanbul. Convenience sampling method was preferred in the study. The data were collected by the researchers themselves using the online survey technique. A total of 440 questionnaires were evaluated. The data were analyzed with SPSS and AMOS package programs. The findings of the study revealed that nearly two-thirds of the participants had a positive attitude towards potential COVID-19 vaccines, partially having higher confidence and less hesitation. In addition, the empirical result of the study revealed that positive attitudes towards potential COVID-19 vaccines reduce vaccine hesitancy. In addition, it has been found that vaccine trust has a significant indirect effect and partially mediates the relationship between attitude towards potential COVID-19 vaccines and hesitancy. This research revealed that positive attitudes towards potential COVID-19 vaccines reduce vaccine hesitations through high vaccine confidence. Thus, increased positive attitudes towards potential COVID-19 vaccines and increased vaccine confidence were significantly associated with decreased vaccine hesitancy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Vaccine Attitude, Vaccine Confidence, Vaccine Hesitancy

Kaynakça

• Barry M, Temsah MH, Alhuzaimi A, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Aljamaan F, Saddik B, Alhaboob A, Alsohime F, Khalid Alhasan K, Alrabiaah A, vd. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine confidence and hesitancy among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional survey from a MERS-CoV experienced nation. medRxiv - Infectious Diseases. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.09.20246447.
• Brown T.A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Press;
• Byrne B.M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates;
• Domachowske J.B, Suryadevara M. (2013). Practical approaches to vaccine hesitancy issues in the United States: 2013, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 9:12, 2654-57.
• Dubé E. (2017). Addressing vaccine hesitancy: the crucial role of healthcare providers. Clin Microbiol Infect, 23(5):279-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.11.007
• Genis B, Gurhan N, Koc M, Genis C, Sirin B, Cırakoglu O.C, Cosar B.(2020). Development of Perception and Attitude Scales Related With COVID-19 Pandemia. Pearson Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 5(7):306-26. DOI: 10.46872/pj.127
• Harmsen I.A, Ruiter R.A, Paulussen T.G, Mollema L, Kok G, de Melker H.E. Factors that influence vaccination decision-making by parents who visit an anthroposophical child welfare center: a focus group study. Adv Prev Med. 2012;2012:175694. doi: 10.1155/2012/175694. Epub 2012 Nov 20. PMID: 23209917; PMCID: PMC3508517.
• Henrikson N.B, Anderson M.L, Opel D.J, Dunn J Marcuse E.K, Grossman D.C. (2017). Longitudinal trends in vaccine hesitancy in a cohort of mothers surveyed in Washington state, 2013-2015; Public Health Rep, 132(4):451-4. DOI: 10.1177/0033354917711175.
• Karafillakis E, Larson H.J.(2017). ADVANCE consortium. The benefit of the doubt or doubts over benefits? A systematic literature review of perceived risks of vaccines in European populations. Vaccine, 35(37):4840-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.061
• Larson H.J, Cooper L.Z, Eskola J, Katz S.L, Ratzan S. (2011).Addressing the vaccine confidence gap. Lancet, 6(378):526-35. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60678-8
• Lin Y, Hu Z, Zhao Q, Alias H, Danaee M, Wong L.P.(2020). Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 14(12):e0008961.
• Magadmi R.M, Kamel F.O. (2020).Beliefs and Barriers Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Among the General Population in Saudi Arabia. BMC Public Health, 21:1438.
• Munro, B.H. (2005). Statistical Methods For Health Care Research. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2nd National Vaccine Workshop [Internet]. Çalıştay Raporu. 2016 24-26 March [cited 2021 March 03]. DOI: http://www.enfeksiyon.org.tr/2.calistayrapor.pdf.
• Ropeik D. (2013). How society should respond to the risk of vaccine rejection. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 9:1815-18.
• Sadaf A, Richards J.L, Glanz J, Salmon D.A, Omer S.B. (2013). A systematic review of interventions for reducing parental vaccine refusal and vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine, 31:4293-304. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.013
• Salmon D.A, Moulton L.H, Omer S.B, DeHart M.P, Stokley S, Halsey N.A. (2005). Factors associated with refusal of childhood vaccines among parents of school-aged children: a case-control study. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine, 159:470-76. DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.159.5.470
• Sandhofer M.J, Robak O, Frank H, Kulning J. (2017). Vaccine hecitancy in Avustria: A cross-sectional survery. Wiener Klinische Wocherschn, 129(1-2):59-64. DOI: 10.1007/s00508-016-1062-1
• Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization [Internet]. Report Of The Sage Working Group On Vaccine Hesitancy. 2014 June [cited 2014 October 01]. DOI: https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/october/1_Report_WORKING_GROUP_vaccine_hesitancy_final.pdf.
• The United Nations Children’s Fund [Internet]. Building Trust in Immunization. Partnering with Religious Leaders and Groups, New York, NY 10017 USA. 2004 March. DOI: https://s3.amazonaws.com/gpei-tk/reference_links/en/Working_with_Religious_Leaders.pdf.
• Turkish Medical Association [Internet]. COVID-19 Aşılarına Dair TTB Tutum Belgesi. 2020 February [cited 2021 March 03]. DOI: https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=16228f12-44ef-11eb-b786-a19f39419a42.