Doğal Afet Krizlerinde Sosyal Medyanın Rolü Üzerine Yapılmış Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 128 - 138, 29.03.2024

Feride Bal Emrah Sıtkı Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.35341/afet.1321350

Öz

İletişim teknolojilerinde yeni bir boyut oluşturan soysal medyanın kullanım oranları gün geçtikçe artmakta ve kullanım sıklığı özellikle doğal afetler gibi kriz anlarında daha da artış göstermektedir. Bireyler doğal afet anlarında aileleri ve çevreleriyle iletişim kurmaya çalışmakta ve onların can güvenliği hakkında bilgi alma çabası içine girmektedirler. Ayrıca bireyler arama ve kurtarma, ilk yardım, yiyecek, barınma, ulaşım ve güvenlik gibi temel ihtiyaçlar hakkında bilgiye ulaşmaya veya bu bilgileri paylaşmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Telefon şebekelerinin, yaşanan felaket sonrası arama ve mesajlaşmalardaki ani artış sebebiyle hizmet sunamadığı durumlarda, sosyal medya platformları bireylere iletişim açısından farklı alternatif ve avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında çalışmanın amacı; sosyal medya platformlarının, doğal afet gibi kriz anlarında kullanımının önemini vurgulamak ve bu konu çerçevesinde yapılmış akademik çalışmaları bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle inceleyerek değerlendirme yapmaktır. Bu bağlamda 2012-2023 yılları arasında “Web of Science ve Google Akademik” veri tabanlarında taranmış makaleler tüm yönleriyle ele alınmış ve elde edilen veriler tablolar ile açıklanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları 2016 ve 2020 yıllarında çalışmaların yoğunlaştığı, konuyla ilgili en çok yayın yapılan dergilerin “The Australian Journal of Emergency Management” ve “Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness” olduğunu ve yapılan 26 çalışmanın toplam 4152 atıf aldığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca yazarların yaklaşık üçte birinin 1000’in üzerinde atıf aldığı ve yapılan çalışmalarda aynı oranda nicel ve nitel analiz kullanıldığı da elde edilen diğer sonuçlar arasında yer almaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, doğal afet krizlerinde sosyal medyanın stratejik kullanımını ortaya çıkaran çalışmaların varlığı ve sosyal medya araçlarının kullandığı teknolojik alt yapı ile olayların tespitinin, öngörülebilmesinin ve haritalandırılabilmesinin mümkün olduğu bilgisine varılmaktadır. İncelenen çalışmalarda da doğal afet krizlerinde içerik yayılımının daha iyi sağlanabilmesi için sosyal medyanın öneminin vurgulandığı görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bibliyometrik Analiz, Doğal Afet, Kriz, Sosyal Medya

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on the Role of Social Media in Natural Disaster Crisis

Öz

The use of social media, which adds a new dimension to communication technologies, is increasing on a daily basis, and the frequency of use is increasing, particularly during times of crisis such as natural disasters. Individuals attempt to communicate with their families and their environment during natural disasters in order to obtain information about their personal safety. Furthermore, individuals attempt to obtain or share information about basic needs such as search and rescue, first aid, food, shelter, transportation, and security. In situations where telephone networks are unable to provide services due to a surge in calls and messaging following a disaster, social media platforms offer individuals various communication alternatives and advantages. From this perspective, the purpose of the study is to highlight the significance of social media platforms in times of crisis, such as natural disasters, and to evaluate academic studies conducted within the context of this topic using the bibliometric analysis technique. In this context, the articles retrieved from the "Web of Science" and "Google Scholar" databases between 2012 and 2023 were analyzed comprehensively, and the resulting data were presented in tabular format. The results of the analysis indicate that "The Australian Journal of Emergency Management" and "Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness" were the two journals that published the most articles on the topic in 2016 and 2020, and 26 studies received a total of 4,152 citations. Approximately one-third of the authors received more than one thousand citations, and the same number of quantitative and qualitative analysis was utilized in the studies. The analyses conducted indicate the existence of studies highlighting the strategic use of social media in natural disaster crises, as well as the possibility of detecting, predicting, and mapping events through the technological infrastructure employed by social media tools. These studies also emphasize the importance of social media in facilitating better content dissemination during natural disaster crises.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bibliometric Analysis, Crisis, Natural Disaster, Social Media

Kaynakça

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