Karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold) meşcerelerinde ayıklama kesimlerinin toprak solunumuna ve bazı toprak özelliklerine etkisi

Öz

Ormanlarda gerçekleştirilen teknik müdahaleler, özelliklerine ve boyutlarına bağlı olarak toprak özelliklerinde önemli değişikliklere neden olabilmektedir. Toprağın kimyasal özellikleri yapılan uygulamalara daha uzun sürede tepki gösterirken toprak solunumundaki değişim daha belirgin ve kısa sürede görülebilmektedir. Bu sebeple orman yönetim uygulamalarının orman ekosisteminin işlevlerini nasıl etkilediğinin ortaya konulması için toprak özelliklerindeki değişimin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Sözü edilen teknik müdahalelerden bakım kesimlerinin ağaç büyümesi üzerine etkisi konusunda çok fazla bilgi olmasına rağmen, toprak parametreleri, özellikle toprak solunumu üzerindeki etkileri hakkında bilgiler kısıtlıdır. Bu çalışma ile karaçam ormanlarında ayıklama kesimlerinin toprak özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmış, 4 farklı şiddette ayıklama müdahalesi yapılmıştır. Bu müdahaleler sırasıyla kontrol (kesim yok), 2000 (kuvvetli), 4000 (orta) ve 6000 (zayıf) fert ha-1 kalacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. 2014-2017 yılları arasında örnekleme yapılmış ve ilkbahar, yaz, sonbahar ve kış aylarında her parselde toprak solunumu ve toprak sıcaklığı için 9 ölçüm yapılmıştır. Toprak özelliklerinden pH, organik madde, azot ve fosfor içerikleri ayıklamadan hemen sonra ve 3 yıl sonra ölçülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda ayıklama kesiminin toprak solunumunu (Rs) ve toprak sıcaklığını arttırdığı, pH değerlerini ise azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları orman ekosistemindeki karbon bilançosunun ayıklama kesimlerinden etkilendiğini ve topraktan meydana gelen karbon emisyonunun azaltılmasında ayıklama şiddetinin ayarlanmasının karbon yönetimi için önemli bir araç olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karbon dioksit
• emisyon
• sıklık bakımı
• organik madde
• fosfor
• azot

Proje Numarası

ESK-22(6317)/2014-2017/2018

Effects of pre-commercial thinning on soil respiration and some soil properties in black pine (Pinus nigra) stands

Öz

Forestry practices may cause significant changes in soil characteristics as related to their properties and size. Although chemical attributes of the soil respond to the applications in the mid- or long-term while changes in soil respiration can react rapidly to forestry practices. Therefore, determining changes in soil attributes is needed to identify how the management practices would affect forest ecosystem function. Although there is much information on the effect of thinning practices on tree growth, there is a lack of knowledge on the impacts of pre-commercial thinning on soil properties, especially soil respiration. We aimed to determine pre-commercial thinning effects on some soil attributes in black pine sites. Four treatments with different intensities were applied to the stands studied. These practices were control (no pre-commercial thinning), 2000 (heavy), 4000 (moderate), and 6000 (light) individuals per hectare left, respectively. Measurements of soil respiration and soil temperature were carried out between 2014 and 2017 in spring, summer, autumn, and winter months. Soil characteristics, including pH, organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphor content, were measured just after and three years after the thinning. As a result, thinning increased soil respiration rate and soil temperature while decreased soil pH values. Results of the study showed that carbon balance in the ecosystem was significantly affected by thinnings, and adjusting the thinning intensity may be an efficient carbon management tool for reducing carbon emission from the soil.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carbon dioxide
• emission
• thinning
• organic matter
• nitrogen
• phosphor

Destekleyen Kurum

Orman Genel Müdürlüğü

Proje Numarası

ESK-22(6317)/2014-2017/2018

Teşekkür

This study was supported by the General Directorate of Forestry, Research Institute for Forest Soil and Ecology within the project numbered ESK-22(6317)/2014-2017/2018.

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