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Effect of contrast agents in the experimental model of acute pancreatitis

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 72 - 77, 01.08.2005

Öz

Background/aim: CT (computed tomography) is still the gold standard for determining necrosis in acute pancreatitis radiologic work-up. But there is no consensus about the use of contrast agents, as to whether or not they affect progression of the course. In this experimental study, we investigated the course of acute pancreatitis with the use of contrast agents. Materials and methods: Forty-two Wistar rats with a mean weight of 250 g were divided into six groups. 100 μg cerulein was administered intraperitoneally after 6-8 hours of starvation. Intravenous SF of contrast agent was administered after 12 hours. Groups 1 and 3 had SF and Groups 2, 4, 5 and 6 had non-ionic contrast agent (2 ml/kg, 1 ml/kg, 1.5 ml/kg and 2 ml/kg, respectively). After 12 hours all rats were sacrificed to obtain blood samples and pancreatic tissue. Blood amylase levels were determined, and pancreatic tissue was evaluated for interstitial inflammation, peripancreatic necrosis, necrosis in acinar cells and vacuolization. Results: Mean blood amylase levels were 139.28 IU/ml for group 1, 125.57 IU/ml for group 2, 1500.28 IU/ml for group 3, 2050.57 IU/ml for group 4, 1885.28 IU/ml for group 5 and 2031.14 IU/ml for group 6. Groups 3-6 were statistically different from groups 1 and 2. Interstitial inflammation, peripancreatic necrosis, necrosis in acinar cells and vacuolization were all elevated in groups 5 and 6 with high volume contrast agent, when compared with the other four groups. Conclusion: contrast agents affected pancreatitis in groups with a dosage of 1.5 and 2 ml/kg, but no adverse effect was seen with 1 ml/kg dosage.

Kaynakça

  • Lillemoe KD, Yeo CJ, Management of complications of pancreatitis. Current Problems in Surgery, 1998; 1 (1): 1-98.
  • Levant JA, Secrist DM, Resin H, et al. Nasogastric suction in the tre- atment of alcoholic pancreatitis: a controlled study. JAMA 1974; 229: 51.
  • Ranson JHC, Rifkind KM, Turner JW: prognostic signs and nono- perative peritoneal lavage in acute pancreatitis. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1976; 143: 209.
  • Tenner S, Banks PA, Acute pancreatitis: Nonsurgical management. World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 143-148.
  • Liu CL, Lo CM, Fan ST. Acute biliary pancreatitis: Diagnosis and management. World J Surg. 1997; 21: 149-154.
  • Beger HG, Rau B, Mayer J, et al. Natural course of acute pancre- atitis. World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 130-135.
  • Rau B, Pralle U, Uhl W. Management of sterile necrosis in instan- ces of severe acute pancreatitis. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 1995; 181 (4): 279-288.
  • Ranson JHC. Diagnostic standarts for acute pancreatitis, World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 136-142.
  • Rau B, Uhl W, Buchler MW, et al. Surgical treatment of infected necrosis World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 155-161.
  • Bradley E, III, A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 1993; 128: 586-590.
  • Foitzik T, Bassi DG, Schmidt J, et al. Intravenous contrast medium accentuates the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the rat. Gastroenterology 1994; 106 (1); 207-214.
  • Foitzik T, Bassi DG, Fernandez-del Castillo C, et al. Intravenous contrast medium repairs oxygenation of the pancreas in acute nec- rotizing pancreatitis in the rat. Arch Surg 1994; 129(7); 706-711.
  • Schmidt J, Hotz HG, Foitzik T, et al. Intravenous contrast medium aggravates the impairment of pancreatic microcirculation in necro- tizing pancreatitis in the rat. Ann Surg 1995; 221(3); 257-264.
  • McMenamin DA, Gates LK Jr. A retrospective analysis of the effect of contrast-enhanced CT on the outcome of acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91(7), 1384-1387.
  • Kaiser AM, Grady T, Gerdes D, et al. Intravenous contrast medium does not increase the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the opossum. Dig Dis Sci 1995; 40(7); 1547-1553.
  • Hwang TL, Chang KY, Ho YP, et al. Contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography does not aggravate the clinical severity of patients with severe acute pancreatitis; reevalution of the effect of intravenous contrast medium on the severity of acute pancreatitis. Arch Surg 2000; 135(3); 287-290.
  • Uhl W, Roggo A, Kirschtein T, et al. Influence of contrast enhanced computed tomography on course and outcome in patients with acu- te pancreatitis. Pancreas 2002; 24(2); 191-197.

Deneysel akut pankreatit modelinde kontrast madde etkisi

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 72 - 77, 01.08.2005

Öz

Giriş ve amaç: Kontrastlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) akut pankreatitte nekrozu saptama amacıyla kullanılan incelemeler arasında hala "altın standart" olarak kabul edilmektedir. Literatürde, kontrast maddenin akut pankreatit üzerine etkisi konusunda çelişkili bilgiler mevcuttur. Bazı yazarlar kontrast maddenin akut pankreatiti şiddetlendirdiğini iddia ederken bazı çalışmalarda da hiçbir etkisi olmadığı söylenmektedir. Bu deneysel çalışmada kontrast maddelerin akut pankreatit seyrine doz bağımlı etkisi incelenmiştir. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu amaçla 42 Wistar sıçan (ortalama ağırlık 250gr) 6 gruba bölünmüştür. Sıçanlar önce 6-8 saat aç bırakılmış, daha sonra da 100 mcgr serulein peritoneal olarak enjekte edilmiştir. Bu enjeksiyondan 12 saat sonra IV olarak non-iyonik kontrast madde veya serum fizyolojik (SF) verilmiştir. Grup 1 ve 3'teki sıçanlara sadece SF verilirken, 2, 4, 5 ve 6. gruptaki sıçanlar sırasıyla 2 ml/kg, 1 ml/kg, 1.5 ml/kg ve 2 ml/kg kontrast madde almıştır. 12 saat sonra tüm sıçanlara eter anestezisi verilerek periferik kan ve pankreas doku örnekleri alınmıştır. Kanda amilaz düzeyleri, doku örneklerinde ise interstisyel inflamasyon, peripankreatik nekroz ve asiner hücre nekrozu ile vakuolizasyon numerik olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Ortalama serum amilaz düzeyleri Grup 1-6'da sırasıyla 139.28, 125.57, 1500.28, 2050.57, 1885.28 ve 2031.14 (IU/ml) olarak ölçülmüştür. Grup 3-6 pankreatit grupları olup sonuçlar Grup 1 ve 2'den istatistik olarak da farklıdır. İnterstisyel inflamasyon oranı, asiner hücre vakuolizasyonu ve nekroz oranları Grup 5 ve 6 da diğer tüm gruplardan farklıdır. Sonuç: Kontrast maddenin pankreatik dokuda 1 ml/kg dozda bir zararlı etkisi olmadığı, ancak 1.5 ve 2 ml/kg dozlarda, akut pankreatitin olumsuz olarak etkilendiği düşünülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Lillemoe KD, Yeo CJ, Management of complications of pancreatitis. Current Problems in Surgery, 1998; 1 (1): 1-98.
  • Levant JA, Secrist DM, Resin H, et al. Nasogastric suction in the tre- atment of alcoholic pancreatitis: a controlled study. JAMA 1974; 229: 51.
  • Ranson JHC, Rifkind KM, Turner JW: prognostic signs and nono- perative peritoneal lavage in acute pancreatitis. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1976; 143: 209.
  • Tenner S, Banks PA, Acute pancreatitis: Nonsurgical management. World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 143-148.
  • Liu CL, Lo CM, Fan ST. Acute biliary pancreatitis: Diagnosis and management. World J Surg. 1997; 21: 149-154.
  • Beger HG, Rau B, Mayer J, et al. Natural course of acute pancre- atitis. World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 130-135.
  • Rau B, Pralle U, Uhl W. Management of sterile necrosis in instan- ces of severe acute pancreatitis. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 1995; 181 (4): 279-288.
  • Ranson JHC. Diagnostic standarts for acute pancreatitis, World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 136-142.
  • Rau B, Uhl W, Buchler MW, et al. Surgical treatment of infected necrosis World J. Surg. 1997; 21: 155-161.
  • Bradley E, III, A clinically based classification system for acute pancreatitis. Arch. Surg. 1993; 128: 586-590.
  • Foitzik T, Bassi DG, Schmidt J, et al. Intravenous contrast medium accentuates the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the rat. Gastroenterology 1994; 106 (1); 207-214.
  • Foitzik T, Bassi DG, Fernandez-del Castillo C, et al. Intravenous contrast medium repairs oxygenation of the pancreas in acute nec- rotizing pancreatitis in the rat. Arch Surg 1994; 129(7); 706-711.
  • Schmidt J, Hotz HG, Foitzik T, et al. Intravenous contrast medium aggravates the impairment of pancreatic microcirculation in necro- tizing pancreatitis in the rat. Ann Surg 1995; 221(3); 257-264.
  • McMenamin DA, Gates LK Jr. A retrospective analysis of the effect of contrast-enhanced CT on the outcome of acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91(7), 1384-1387.
  • Kaiser AM, Grady T, Gerdes D, et al. Intravenous contrast medium does not increase the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the opossum. Dig Dis Sci 1995; 40(7); 1547-1553.
  • Hwang TL, Chang KY, Ho YP, et al. Contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography does not aggravate the clinical severity of patients with severe acute pancreatitis; reevalution of the effect of intravenous contrast medium on the severity of acute pancreatitis. Arch Surg 2000; 135(3); 287-290.
  • Uhl W, Roggo A, Kirschtein T, et al. Influence of contrast enhanced computed tomography on course and outcome in patients with acu- te pancreatitis. Pancreas 2002; 24(2); 191-197.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mahmut Öksüzler Bu kişi benim

Tarkan Ünek Bu kişi benim

Çağnur Ulukuş Bu kişi benim

Murat Zeytunlu Bu kişi benim

Özgül Sağol Bu kişi benim

Yiğit Göktay Bu kişi benim

Canan Çoker Bu kişi benim

Ahmet Çoker Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2005
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2005 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Öksüzler, M., Ünek, T., Ulukuş, Ç., Zeytunlu, M., vd. (2005). Deneysel akut pankreatit modelinde kontrast madde etkisi. Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi, 4(2), 72-77.

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