Nijerya’nın Kaduna Eyaletinde Çeltik Pirinç Pazarlamasının Kâr Verimliliği: Gıda Güvenliği ve Yoksulluğun Azaltılmasına Yönelik Etkiler

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 1, 11 - 18, 31.01.2024

Olugbenga Omotayo Alabı , Joseph Bayei , Jeremiah Aluwong , Abiade Samson Olumuyiwa , Philip Prekeme Ojokojo

https://doi.org/10.5152/AUAF.2024.23158

Öz

Bu çalışma, Nijerya’nın Kaduna Eyaleti’nde çeltik pirinç pazarlamasının kârlılık etkinliğini, gıda güvenliği ve yoksulluğu hafifletme açısından değerlendirmiştir. Çalışmada çok aşamalı bir örnekleme tekniği benimsenmiştir. Toplamda 180 çeltik pirinç pazarlamacısından oluşan bir örneklem büyüklüğü seçilmiştir. İlk veriler, iyi yapılandırılmış ve tasarlanmış bir anket kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Veriler, tanımlayıcı ve çıkarımsal istatistikler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, pirinç pazarlamanın karlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Üreticilerin pazarlama marjının en yüksek olduğu ve işletme oranının en düşük olduğu (sırasıyla %85,82 ve 0,12) tespit edilmiştir. Perakendecilerin en yüksek pazarlama etkinliğine (%20,92) sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üreticilerin, toptancıların ve perakendecilerin çeltik pirinç pazarlamasına katılanların yatırım getirisi sırasıyla %5,54, %4,27 ve %3,78’dir. Çeltik pirinç pazarlamasında yer alan aktörlerin karlılık etkinliğini etkileyen önemli faktörler arasında alım fiyatı, taşıma maliyeti, işçilik maliyeti ve ücretler yer almaktadır. Çeltik pirinç pazarlamasındaki aktörler arasında
karlılık etkinliğini etkileyen önemli sosyo-ekonomik faktörler arasında yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, kredi erişimi ve kooperatif üyeliği bulunmaktadır. Aktörler için ortalama kârlılık etkinlik puanı 0,46 olarak belirlenmiş olup, iyileştirme için 0,54’lük bir boşluk bulunmaktadır. Çalışma, çeltik pirinç pazarlamasıyla ilişkilendirilen ana sorunları taşımacılık, finans, yol ve pazar altyapıları olarak tanımlamıştır. Çalışma, kredi olanaklarının sağlanması ve erişilebilir hale getirilmesi, ayrıca etkili ve verimli pazarlama için uygun bir ortam yaratmak için pazar ve yol altyapılarına yatırım yapılmasını önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kârlılık etkinliği, stokastik karlılık etkinlik sınır modeli, çeltik pirinç pazarlama, Nijerya

Profit Efficiency of Paddy Rice Marketing in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implications for Food Security and Poverty Alleviation

Öz

This study evaluated the profit efficiency of paddy rice marketing in Kaduna State, Nigeria, with implications for food security and poverty alleviation. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. A total sample size of 180 paddy rice marketers was selected. Primary data were obtained using a well-structured and well-designed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that the mean ages of producers, wholesalers, and retailers that are involved in rice marketing were 46, 44, and 41 years old. Paddy rice marketing is profitable. The producers had the highest marketing margin and the lowest operating ratio of 85.82% and 0.12, respectively. The retailers had the highest marketing efficiency of 20.92%. The rates of return on investment for producers, wholesalers, and retailers involved in paddy rice marketing were 5.54, 4.27, and 3.78, respectively. The purchase price, transportation cost, labor cost, and fees were the significant factors influencing the profit efficiency of the actors involved in paddy rice marketing. The significant socioeconomic factors influencing the profit inefficiency of paddy rice marketing among actors were age, gender, educational level, access to credit, and membership of cooperatives. The mean profit efficiency score for actors was 0.46, leaving a gap of 0.54 for improvement. The study identified transportation, finance, roads, and market infrastructure as the major problems associated with paddy rice marketing. The study recommended that credit facilities should be provided and made accessible; also, investment in market and road infrastructure is necessary to create an enabling environment for effective and efficient marketing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Profit effiency, stochastic profit efficiency frontier model, paddy rice marketing, Nigeria

Kaynakça

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