The Concept of Crime in Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory and its Relationship with Clinical Structures and Crime

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 93 - 100, 30.06.2020

Burcu Pınar Bulut

Öz

This study aims to review the relevant literature on the thoughts of psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan about the concept of crime to convey them comprehensively. Lacanian psychoanalysis aims to ap- proach the concept of crime without to de-identify and to mechanize the criminal act and the perpetrator. According to Lacan, subjects can be categorized into three clinical structures: Neurosis, psychosis, and perversion. These clinical structures described by him indicate how the subject copes with the Oedipus complex and castration, and these clinical structures are separated from each other according to the funda- mental defense mechanisms they use. In connection with the relationship of these described structures to crime, Lacan stated that the motivation behind committing a crime of neurotic individuals compared to psy- chotic individuals is related to self-punishment. He also argued that psychotic individuals do not expect any punishment for the crime they committed and therefore labeling these people who cannot be able to recognize the law as criminals lead to a problematic approach. In conclusion, it is possible to say criminality itself is not a descriptive category and that the structure of a perpetrator can be any of the three structures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lacanian psychoanalysis, crime, neurosis, perversion, psychosis

LACANYEN PSİKANALİTİK KURAMDA SUÇ KAVRAMI VE KLİNİK YAPILAR İLE SUÇ İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, psikanalist Jacques Lacan’ın suç kavramına dair düşüncelerini kapsamlı bir biçimde akta- rabilmek adına ilgili literatürü derlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Lacanyen psikanaliz, suç eylemini ve suçu işleyen kişiyi kimliksizleştirmeden, mekanikleştirmeden “suç” kavramına yaklaşmayı hedeflemektedir. Lacan’a göre özneler nevroz, psikoz ve perversiyon olmak üzere üç klinik yapı şeklinde kategorize edilebilmektedir. La- can’ın tarif ettiği bu klinik yapılar, öznenin Oedipus kompleksi ve kastrasyon ile nasıl baş ettiğine işaret et- mektedir ve bu klinik yapılar kullandıkları temel savunma mekanizmalarına göre birbirlerinden ayrıştırılmıştır. Tarif edilen bu yapıların suçla ilişkisi ile bağlantılı olarak Lacan nevrotik yapıdaki öznelerin psikotik yapıdaki kişilere kıyasla suç işlemelerinin arkasında kendini cezalandırma motivasyonunun olduğunu ifade etmekte- dir. Psikotik yapıdaki kişilerin ise işledikleri suça dair bir ceza beklentilerinin olmadığını, dolayısıyla da yasayı tanıyamayan bu kişileri suçlu olarak etiketlemenin problemli bir yaklaşıma neden olduğunu belirtmiştir Özetle; suçun kendi başına tanımlayıcı bir kategori olmadığını ve suç işleyen bir kişinin yapısının üç yapıdan herhangi birisi olabileceğini söylemek mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lacanyen psikanaliz, Suç, Nevroz, Perversiyon, Psikoz

Kaynakça

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