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AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 905 - 971, 08.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637

Öz

Avrupa Konseyi İnsan Hakları Komiseri, insan hakları konusunda eğitimi, farkındalığı ve saygıyı teşvik etmek amacıyla yetkilendirilmiş olan, bağımsız şekilde çalışması öngörülen ve fakat yargısal niteliği bulunmayan bir Avrupa Konseyi organıdır.
Komiser’in görevi, esas olarak, “insan hakları konusunda farkındalık yaratmak” ve “üye devletlerde insan hakları standartlarının yükseltilmesini sağlamak” olarak belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın, Komiser’in görev tanımında ve yetkiler haritasında zaman içinde gerçekleştirilen bir dizi değişikliğin sonucu olarak, Komiser’in faaliyetlerinin gittikçe hukukileşen bir karakter kazanmakta olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Komiser tarafından yürütülen faaliyetlerin; Konsey üyesi devletler, Avrupa Konseyi Organları ve Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin karar ve faaliyetleri üzerinde doğrudan ve dolaylı bazı etkiler doğurduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Bu etkilerin önemli bir bölümüyse, insan hakları hukuku ile ceza hukukunun kesişiminin bir sonucu olarak, ceza ve ceza muhakemesi alanlarında ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, İnsan Hakları Komiseri’nin kuruluşu, statüsü, görevleri, faaliyet ve araçları ile özellikle AİHM yargılamalarındaki rolü ve Mahkeme’nin ceza ve ceza muhakemesi hukuku alanındaki içtihadına etkisi ele alınacak; Komiser’in bu faaliyetlerinin Türkiye özelindeki etkisine de ayrı bir başlık altında değinilecektir.

Kaynakça

  • Altıparmak K, “Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sisteminde Bürokrasi Krizi: Tamam ya da Devam”, 2009, Çağımızda Toplum ve Hukuk, 31-44.
  • Benoît-Rohmer F /Heinrich Klebes, Council of Europe Law: Towards a pan-European legal area, Council of Europe Publishing, 2005.
  • Bürli N, Third-Party Interventions before the European Court of Human Rights: Amicus Curiae, Member-State and Third-Party Interventions, Intersentia, 2017.
  • Byrne J /William Priestley, Police Oversight Mechanism in the Council of Europe Member States, (Updated February 2017), Council of Europe Publishing, 2017.
  • Caroli P, “The Interaction between the International Criminal Court and the European Court of Human Rights – The Right to the Truth for Victims of the Serious Violations of Human Rights: The Importation of a New Right?” in Paolo Lobba/Triestino Mariniello (eds), Judicial Dialogue on Human Rights: The Practice of International Criminal Tribunals, Brill, 2017, 263-281.
  • Committee of Ministers, Supervision of the Execution of Judgments and Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights 2020, 14th Annual Report of the Committee of Ministers - 2020, Council of Europe, 2021.
  • Council of Europe Directorate General Human Rights and Rule of Law, Practical impact of the Council of Europe monitoring mechanisms in improving respect for human rights and the rule of law in member states, Council of Europe, 2014. (Practical Impact)
  • de Beco G, “Introduction: The Commissioner for Human Rights”, Gauthier de Beco (ed), Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms of the Council of Europe, Routledge, 2012.
  • Delmas-Marty M, “Le paradoxe pénal” in Mireille Delmas-Marty/C. Lucas de Leyssac (eds), Libertés et droits fondamentaux, Seuil, 1996, 368-392.
  • Dörr O, Commissioner for Human Rights, in Stefanie Schmahl/ Marten Breuer (eds), The Council of Europe: Its Law and Policies, Oxford University Press, 2017, 296-313.
  • Esen E, “Avrupa Konseyi İnsan Hakları Komiseri ve Türkiye’ye İlişkin Yazılı Görüşleri Hakkında Birkaç Not”, 2018, 100, Fasikül Hukuk Dergisi, 473-488.
  • European Court of Human Rights, Overview 1959-2020 ECHR, Strasbourg, February 2021.
  • Glas L. R, “The European Court of Human Rights' Use of Non-Binding and Standard-Setting Council of Europe Documents”, 2017, 17 (1), Human Rights Law Review, 97-126.
  • Hammarberg T /Isil Gachet, “Human Rights Diplomacy and The Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Michael O'Flaherty/Zdzisław Kędzia/Amrei Müller/
  • George Ulrich (eds), Human Rights Diplomacy: Contemporary Perspectives, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2011, 101-128.
  • Hammarberg T /John Dalhuisen, “The Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Gudmundur Alfredsson/Jonas Grimheden/Bertrand G. Ramcharan/Alfred de Zayas (eds), International Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms: Essays in Honour of Jakob Th. Möller, 2nd Revised Edition, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2009, 515-521.
  • Hammarberg T, “Council of Europe as an Instrument for Human Rights”, 2014, 32 (2), Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 214-219.
  • Hammarberg T, Contribution from the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe”, 2010, 2, European Yearbook of Disability Law, 153-162.
  • Johansen A, “The Rise and Rise of Independent Police Complaint Bodies”, in Jennifer M. Brown (ed), The Future of Policing, Routledge, 2014, 446-462.
  • Lathouwers J, “Chapter I: Protocol No. 14: Object, Purpose and Preparatory Work”, in Paul Lemmens/Wouter Vandenhole (eds), Protocol No. 14 and the Reform of the European Court of Human Rights, Intersentia, 2005, 1-22.
  • Lawson R. A, “How to Maintain and Improve Mutual Trust amongst EU Member States in Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters? Lessons from the Functioning of Monitoring Mechanisms in the Council of Europe”, in Malén Dane/Andre Klip (eds), An additional evaluation mechanism in the field of EU judicial cooperation in criminal matters to strenghten mutual trust, Celsus juridische uitgeverij, 2009, 249-315.
  • Reif L. C, The Ombudsman, Good Governance and the International Human Rights System, Springer, 2004.
  • Schmid A. P /Albert J. Jongman, “Introduction”, in Schmid/Jongman (eds), Monitoring Human Rights Violations, Center for the Study of Social Conflicts, Leiden University, 1992, s. 3 aktaran Andrew Drzemczewski, “Core Monitoring Mechanisms and Related Activities”, in Stefanie Schmahl/Marten Breuer (eds), The Council of Europe: Its Law and Policies, Oxford University Press, 2017, 617-635.
  • Schokkenbroek J, “The preventive role of the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe”, in Linos-Alexander Sicilianos (ed), The Prevention of Human Rights Violations: Contribution on the Occasion of the Twentieth Anniversary of the Marangopoulos Foundation for Human Rights (MFHR), Ant. N. Sakkoulas Publishers&Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001, 201-213.
  • Shelton D, “The Boundaries of Human Rights Jurisdiction in Europe”, 2003, 13 (1), Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, 95-154.
  • Sivonen L, “The Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Gauthier de Beco (ed), Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms of the Council of Europe, Routledge, 2012, 17-42.
  • Smith G, “Every complaint matters: Human Rights Commissioner’s opinion concerning independent and effective determination of complaints against the police”, 2010, 38, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 59-74.
  • Smith G, “The Interface between Human Rights and Police Complaints in Europe”, in Tim Prenzler/Garth den Heyer (eds), Civilian Oversight of Police: Advancing Accountability in Law Enforcement, CRC Press, 2016, 159-177.
  • Trechsel S, Human Rights in Criminal Proceedings, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Tulkens F, “The Paradoxical Relationship between Criminal Law and Human Rights”, 2011, 9 (3), Journal of International Criminal Justice, 577-595.
  • van Boven T, “The Future of Human Rights in Europe”, 1989, 7 (1), Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 6-10.
  • Van Leuven N, “Chapter II: Organisation of the European Court”, in Paul Lemmens/Wouter Vandenhole (eds), Protocol No. 14 and the Reform of the European Court of Human Rights, Intersentia, 2005, 23-30.

THE EFFECTS OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ON THE CRIMINAL AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW OF THE MEMBER STATES

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 905 - 971, 08.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637

Öz

The Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights is a non-judicial body of the Council of Europe empowered to promote education, awareness and respect for human rights.
The duty of the Commissioner is mainly determined as “raising awareness on human rights” and “promoting human rights standards in member states”. However, as a result of a series of changes in the Commissioner’s responsibilities and the map of powers over time, it is seen that the activities of the Commissioner gradually transformed into a mainly legal character. In this context, it is observed that the activities carried out by the Commissioner are having some direct and indirect effects on the member states of the Council, the Council of Europe Bodies and on the decisions and activities of the European Court of Human Rights. An important part of these effects arises in the fields of criminal and criminal procedure law, as a result of the intersection between human rights law and criminal law.
In this study, the establishment, status, duties, activities and tools of the Human Rights Commissioner, with special reference to its role in the ECtHR proceedings and the effect of the Court’s case-law in the field of criminal and criminal procedure law will be discussed. The impact on Turkey of the Commissioner’s activities will be addressed under a separate title.

Kaynakça

  • Altıparmak K, “Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sisteminde Bürokrasi Krizi: Tamam ya da Devam”, 2009, Çağımızda Toplum ve Hukuk, 31-44.
  • Benoît-Rohmer F /Heinrich Klebes, Council of Europe Law: Towards a pan-European legal area, Council of Europe Publishing, 2005.
  • Bürli N, Third-Party Interventions before the European Court of Human Rights: Amicus Curiae, Member-State and Third-Party Interventions, Intersentia, 2017.
  • Byrne J /William Priestley, Police Oversight Mechanism in the Council of Europe Member States, (Updated February 2017), Council of Europe Publishing, 2017.
  • Caroli P, “The Interaction between the International Criminal Court and the European Court of Human Rights – The Right to the Truth for Victims of the Serious Violations of Human Rights: The Importation of a New Right?” in Paolo Lobba/Triestino Mariniello (eds), Judicial Dialogue on Human Rights: The Practice of International Criminal Tribunals, Brill, 2017, 263-281.
  • Committee of Ministers, Supervision of the Execution of Judgments and Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights 2020, 14th Annual Report of the Committee of Ministers - 2020, Council of Europe, 2021.
  • Council of Europe Directorate General Human Rights and Rule of Law, Practical impact of the Council of Europe monitoring mechanisms in improving respect for human rights and the rule of law in member states, Council of Europe, 2014. (Practical Impact)
  • de Beco G, “Introduction: The Commissioner for Human Rights”, Gauthier de Beco (ed), Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms of the Council of Europe, Routledge, 2012.
  • Delmas-Marty M, “Le paradoxe pénal” in Mireille Delmas-Marty/C. Lucas de Leyssac (eds), Libertés et droits fondamentaux, Seuil, 1996, 368-392.
  • Dörr O, Commissioner for Human Rights, in Stefanie Schmahl/ Marten Breuer (eds), The Council of Europe: Its Law and Policies, Oxford University Press, 2017, 296-313.
  • Esen E, “Avrupa Konseyi İnsan Hakları Komiseri ve Türkiye’ye İlişkin Yazılı Görüşleri Hakkında Birkaç Not”, 2018, 100, Fasikül Hukuk Dergisi, 473-488.
  • European Court of Human Rights, Overview 1959-2020 ECHR, Strasbourg, February 2021.
  • Glas L. R, “The European Court of Human Rights' Use of Non-Binding and Standard-Setting Council of Europe Documents”, 2017, 17 (1), Human Rights Law Review, 97-126.
  • Hammarberg T /Isil Gachet, “Human Rights Diplomacy and The Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Michael O'Flaherty/Zdzisław Kędzia/Amrei Müller/
  • George Ulrich (eds), Human Rights Diplomacy: Contemporary Perspectives, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2011, 101-128.
  • Hammarberg T /John Dalhuisen, “The Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Gudmundur Alfredsson/Jonas Grimheden/Bertrand G. Ramcharan/Alfred de Zayas (eds), International Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms: Essays in Honour of Jakob Th. Möller, 2nd Revised Edition, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2009, 515-521.
  • Hammarberg T, “Council of Europe as an Instrument for Human Rights”, 2014, 32 (2), Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 214-219.
  • Hammarberg T, Contribution from the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe”, 2010, 2, European Yearbook of Disability Law, 153-162.
  • Johansen A, “The Rise and Rise of Independent Police Complaint Bodies”, in Jennifer M. Brown (ed), The Future of Policing, Routledge, 2014, 446-462.
  • Lathouwers J, “Chapter I: Protocol No. 14: Object, Purpose and Preparatory Work”, in Paul Lemmens/Wouter Vandenhole (eds), Protocol No. 14 and the Reform of the European Court of Human Rights, Intersentia, 2005, 1-22.
  • Lawson R. A, “How to Maintain and Improve Mutual Trust amongst EU Member States in Police and Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters? Lessons from the Functioning of Monitoring Mechanisms in the Council of Europe”, in Malén Dane/Andre Klip (eds), An additional evaluation mechanism in the field of EU judicial cooperation in criminal matters to strenghten mutual trust, Celsus juridische uitgeverij, 2009, 249-315.
  • Reif L. C, The Ombudsman, Good Governance and the International Human Rights System, Springer, 2004.
  • Schmid A. P /Albert J. Jongman, “Introduction”, in Schmid/Jongman (eds), Monitoring Human Rights Violations, Center for the Study of Social Conflicts, Leiden University, 1992, s. 3 aktaran Andrew Drzemczewski, “Core Monitoring Mechanisms and Related Activities”, in Stefanie Schmahl/Marten Breuer (eds), The Council of Europe: Its Law and Policies, Oxford University Press, 2017, 617-635.
  • Schokkenbroek J, “The preventive role of the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe”, in Linos-Alexander Sicilianos (ed), The Prevention of Human Rights Violations: Contribution on the Occasion of the Twentieth Anniversary of the Marangopoulos Foundation for Human Rights (MFHR), Ant. N. Sakkoulas Publishers&Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2001, 201-213.
  • Shelton D, “The Boundaries of Human Rights Jurisdiction in Europe”, 2003, 13 (1), Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law, 95-154.
  • Sivonen L, “The Commissioner for Human Rights”, in Gauthier de Beco (ed), Human Rights Monitoring Mechanisms of the Council of Europe, Routledge, 2012, 17-42.
  • Smith G, “Every complaint matters: Human Rights Commissioner’s opinion concerning independent and effective determination of complaints against the police”, 2010, 38, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 59-74.
  • Smith G, “The Interface between Human Rights and Police Complaints in Europe”, in Tim Prenzler/Garth den Heyer (eds), Civilian Oversight of Police: Advancing Accountability in Law Enforcement, CRC Press, 2016, 159-177.
  • Trechsel S, Human Rights in Criminal Proceedings, Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Tulkens F, “The Paradoxical Relationship between Criminal Law and Human Rights”, 2011, 9 (3), Journal of International Criminal Justice, 577-595.
  • van Boven T, “The Future of Human Rights in Europe”, 1989, 7 (1), Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, 6-10.
  • Van Leuven N, “Chapter II: Organisation of the European Court”, in Paul Lemmens/Wouter Vandenhole (eds), Protocol No. 14 and the Reform of the European Court of Human Rights, Intersentia, 2005, 23-30.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk
Bölüm KAMU HUKUKU
Yazarlar

Burcu Baytemir Kontacı 0000-0002-9535-2652

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Mayıs 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Baytemir Kontacı, B. (2021). AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(2), 905-971. https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637
AMA Baytemir Kontacı B. AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ. AHBVÜ-HFD. Mayıs 2021;25(2):905-971. doi:10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637
Chicago Baytemir Kontacı, Burcu. “AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA Ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 25, sy. 2 (Mayıs 2021): 905-71. https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637.
EndNote Baytemir Kontacı B (01 Mayıs 2021) AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 25 2 905–971.
IEEE B. Baytemir Kontacı, “AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ”, AHBVÜ-HFD, c. 25, sy. 2, ss. 905–971, 2021, doi: 10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637.
ISNAD Baytemir Kontacı, Burcu. “AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA Ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 25/2 (Mayıs 2021), 905-971. https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637.
JAMA Baytemir Kontacı B. AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ. AHBVÜ-HFD. 2021;25:905–971.
MLA Baytemir Kontacı, Burcu. “AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA Ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 25, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 905-71, doi:10.34246/ahbvuhfd.933637.
Vancouver Baytemir Kontacı B. AVRUPA KONSEYİ İNSAN HAKLARI KOMİSERİ’NİN ÜYE DEVLETLERİN CEZA ve CEZA MUHAKEMESİ HUKUKUNA ETKİSİ. AHBVÜ-HFD. 2021;25(2):905-71.