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Yenidoğanda Uykunun Önemi ve Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Uykunun Desteklenmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 , 54 - 61 , 25.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.59398/ahd.1778000
https://izlik.org/JA34CY67GU

Öz

Uyku yenidoğanların büyüme-gelişmesi ve beyin olgunlaşması için gerekli olan fizyolojik bir ihtiyaçtır. Sağlıklı büyüme-gelişme için yenidoğanlar günlerinin çoğunu uykuda geçirirler. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde bakım ve takibi gereken yenidoğanlar sık beslenme, tıbbi müdahaleler/ağrılı girişimler, yüksek ses ve ışık gibi uyku süreçlerini olumsuz etkileyen çevresel uyaranlara maruz kalmaktadır. Yenidoğanın uykusunun kesintiye uğraması ve uyku-uyanıklık geçişlerinin bozulması sonucunda büyüme gelişme ve nörogelişimsel olgunlaşması kesintiye uğramakta, taburculuğu gecikmektedir. Bu nedenle yenidoğanların gündüz ve gece rutinlerinin doğru yönetilmesi fizyolojik uyku ihtiyaçlarını optimize etmede ve sağlıklı büyüme gelişmede oldukça önemlidir. Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi’nde uykuyu koruyucu ve teşvik edici stratejilerin uygulanması hemşirenin sorumlulukları arasındadır. Yenidoğan hemşiresi bakımında derin uykuyu iyileştiren ve uyanıklığı azaltan nonfarmakolojik girişimlere yer vermelidir. Yenidoğanın uyanıklığını azaltmak için ışık, gürültü ve ağrılı uyaranları kontrol altına almalı, uykuyu desteklemek için ise olumlu işitsel uyaran, uygun pozisyon, sarmalama, dokunma-masaj, kanguru bakımı ve besleyici olmayan emme uygulamalarından yararlanılabilir. Bu bilgiler ışığında bu makalede yenidoğanlar için uykunun önemine ve yenidoğan bebeklerin uykusunu desteklemeye yönelik yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde uygulanan girişimlere yer verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Bertelle V, Sevestre A, Laou-Hap K, Nagahapitiye MC, Sizun J. Sleep in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2007;21(2):140-8.
  • Mahmoodi N, Arbabisarjou A, Rezaeipoor M, Pishkar Mofrad Z. Nurses' awareness of preterm neonates' sleep in the NICU. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(6):226-33.
  • Barbeau DY, Weiss MD. Sleep disturbances in newborns. Children (Basel). 2017;4(10):90.
  • Firmino C, Rodrigues M, Franco S, Ferreira J, Simões AR, Castro C, et al. Nursing interventions that promote sleep in preterm newborns in the neonatal intensive care units: An integrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10953.
  • Vadakkan AJ, Prabakaran V. Comparison of the effect of nesting and swaddling on sleep duration and arousal frequency among preterm neonates: A randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci. 2022;11(3):126-31.
  • Varvara B, Effrossine T, Despoina K, Konstantinos D, Matziou V. Effects of neonatal intensive care unit nursing conditions in neonatal NREM sleep. J Neonatal Nurs. 2016;22(3):115-23.
  • Gu Y, Tang Y, Chen X, Xie J. Best evidence summary of sleep protection in premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A narrative review. Transl Pediatr. 2024;13(6):94662-94962.
  • Park J. Sleep promotion for preterm infants in the NICU. Nurs Womens Health. 2020;24(1):24-35.
  • De Beritto TV. Newborn sleep: Patterns, interventions, and outcomes. Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(2):e82-e87.
  • Griffiths N, Spence K, Loughran-Fowlds A, Westrup B. Individualised developmental care for babies and parents in the NICU: Evidence-based best practice guideline recommendations. Early Hum Dev. 2019;139:104840.
  • van den Hoogen A, Teunis CJ, Shellhaas RA, Pillen S, Benders M, Dudink J. How to improve sleep in a neonatal intensive care unit: A systematic review. Early Hum Dev. 2017;113:78-86.
  • Abdeyazdan Z, Mohammadian-Ghahfarokhi M, Ghazavi Z, Mohammadizadeh M. Effects of nesting and swaddling on the sleep duration of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2016;21(5):552-6.
  • Saliba S, Gratier M, Filippa M, Devouche E, Esseily R. Fathers' and mothers' infant-directed speech influences preterm infant behavioral state in the NICU. J Nonverbal Behav. 2020;44(4):437-51.
  • Correia A, Lourenço M. Promoción del sueño en unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales: Scoping review. Enfermería Global. 2020;19(57):527-75.
  • Hwang J, Woo H, Lim H. Factors influencing the behavioral states of preterm infants: A scoping review. J Neonatal Nurs. 2024.
  • Olgun AB, Yüksel D, Yardımcı F. The effect of a light-dark cycle on premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024.
  • Yang SC, Yang A, Chang YJ. Validation of Actiwatch for assessment of sleep-wake states in preterm infants. Asian Nurs Res. 2014;8(3):201-6.
  • Sibrecht G, Wróblewska-Seniuk K, Bruschettini M. Noise or sound management in the neonatal intensive care unit for preterm or very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;(5):CD010333.
  • Çalıkuşu İncekar M, Gözen D, Taştekin A. The effect of light and noise reduction on the sleep state of preterm infants. Ann Clin Anal Med. 2022;13(8):914-8.
  • Liaw JJ, Yang L, Lee CM, Fan HC, Chang YC, Cheng LP. Effects of combined use of non-nutritive sucking, oral sucrose, and facilitated tucking on infant behavioural states across heel-stick procedures: A prospective, randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(7):883-94.
  • Gao H, Li M, Gao H, Xu G, Wang D, Lv H. Effect of combined procedural pain interventions during neonatal intensive care on sleep, cognitive development, and internalizing behavior: A follow-up analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Pain. 2023;164(8):1793-800.

The Importance of Sleep in the Newborn and Supporting Sleep in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 , 54 - 61 , 25.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.59398/ahd.1778000
https://izlik.org/JA34CY67GU

Öz

Sleep is a physiological necessity for the growth, development, and brain maturation of newborns. For healthy growth and development, newborns spend most of their day sleeping. Newborns requiring care and follow-up in the neonatal intensive care unit are exposed to environmental stimuli that negatively affect sleep processes, such as frequent feeding, medical interventions/painful procedures, loud noise, and light. As a result of the interruption of the newborn’s sleep and the disruption of sleep-wake transitions, growth, development, and neurodevelopmental maturation are interrupted, and discharge is delayed. Therefore, the proper management of newborns day and night routines is crucial for optimizing their physiological sleep needs and ensuring healthy growth and development. The implementation of sleep-protective and sleep-promoting strategies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is among the responsibilities of the nurse. The neonatal nurse should incorporate non-pharmacological interventions that improve deep sleep and reduce wakefulness into their care. To reduce the newborn’s alertness, light, noise, and painful stimuli should be controlled, while positive auditory stimuli, appropriate positioning, swaddling, touch-massage, kangaroo care, and nonnutritive sucking practices can be used to support sleep. In light of this information, this article addresses the importance of sleep for newborns and the interventions applied in neonatal intensive care units to support the sleep of newborn.

Kaynakça

  • Bertelle V, Sevestre A, Laou-Hap K, Nagahapitiye MC, Sizun J. Sleep in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2007;21(2):140-8.
  • Mahmoodi N, Arbabisarjou A, Rezaeipoor M, Pishkar Mofrad Z. Nurses' awareness of preterm neonates' sleep in the NICU. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(6):226-33.
  • Barbeau DY, Weiss MD. Sleep disturbances in newborns. Children (Basel). 2017;4(10):90.
  • Firmino C, Rodrigues M, Franco S, Ferreira J, Simões AR, Castro C, et al. Nursing interventions that promote sleep in preterm newborns in the neonatal intensive care units: An integrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10953.
  • Vadakkan AJ, Prabakaran V. Comparison of the effect of nesting and swaddling on sleep duration and arousal frequency among preterm neonates: A randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci. 2022;11(3):126-31.
  • Varvara B, Effrossine T, Despoina K, Konstantinos D, Matziou V. Effects of neonatal intensive care unit nursing conditions in neonatal NREM sleep. J Neonatal Nurs. 2016;22(3):115-23.
  • Gu Y, Tang Y, Chen X, Xie J. Best evidence summary of sleep protection in premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A narrative review. Transl Pediatr. 2024;13(6):94662-94962.
  • Park J. Sleep promotion for preterm infants in the NICU. Nurs Womens Health. 2020;24(1):24-35.
  • De Beritto TV. Newborn sleep: Patterns, interventions, and outcomes. Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(2):e82-e87.
  • Griffiths N, Spence K, Loughran-Fowlds A, Westrup B. Individualised developmental care for babies and parents in the NICU: Evidence-based best practice guideline recommendations. Early Hum Dev. 2019;139:104840.
  • van den Hoogen A, Teunis CJ, Shellhaas RA, Pillen S, Benders M, Dudink J. How to improve sleep in a neonatal intensive care unit: A systematic review. Early Hum Dev. 2017;113:78-86.
  • Abdeyazdan Z, Mohammadian-Ghahfarokhi M, Ghazavi Z, Mohammadizadeh M. Effects of nesting and swaddling on the sleep duration of premature infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2016;21(5):552-6.
  • Saliba S, Gratier M, Filippa M, Devouche E, Esseily R. Fathers' and mothers' infant-directed speech influences preterm infant behavioral state in the NICU. J Nonverbal Behav. 2020;44(4):437-51.
  • Correia A, Lourenço M. Promoción del sueño en unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales: Scoping review. Enfermería Global. 2020;19(57):527-75.
  • Hwang J, Woo H, Lim H. Factors influencing the behavioral states of preterm infants: A scoping review. J Neonatal Nurs. 2024.
  • Olgun AB, Yüksel D, Yardımcı F. The effect of a light-dark cycle on premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024.
  • Yang SC, Yang A, Chang YJ. Validation of Actiwatch for assessment of sleep-wake states in preterm infants. Asian Nurs Res. 2014;8(3):201-6.
  • Sibrecht G, Wróblewska-Seniuk K, Bruschettini M. Noise or sound management in the neonatal intensive care unit for preterm or very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;(5):CD010333.
  • Çalıkuşu İncekar M, Gözen D, Taştekin A. The effect of light and noise reduction on the sleep state of preterm infants. Ann Clin Anal Med. 2022;13(8):914-8.
  • Liaw JJ, Yang L, Lee CM, Fan HC, Chang YC, Cheng LP. Effects of combined use of non-nutritive sucking, oral sucrose, and facilitated tucking on infant behavioural states across heel-stick procedures: A prospective, randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(7):883-94.
  • Gao H, Li M, Gao H, Xu G, Wang D, Lv H. Effect of combined procedural pain interventions during neonatal intensive care on sleep, cognitive development, and internalizing behavior: A follow-up analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Pain. 2023;164(8):1793-800.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Canan Genç 0000-0002-2616-683X

Birsen Mutlu 0000-0002-8708-984X

Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 13 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.59398/ahd.1778000
IZ https://izlik.org/JA34CY67GU
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver 1.Canan Genç, Birsen Mutlu. Yenidoğanda Uykunun Önemi ve Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Uykunun Desteklenmesi. Akd Hemsirelik D. 01 Mart 2026;5(1):54-61. doi:10.59398/ahd.1778000