Examination of the Implementation Process of Early Childhood Education Services for Children Aged 0–36 Months with Support Needs

Öz

Early childhood is a critical stage in child development and forms the foundation of early intervention practices. Special education provided during this period plays a decisive role in maximizing children’s developmental potential and supporting their participation in society. Understanding the effects of the educational services offered and ways to improve them is of great importance in enhancing the quality of education. This study examined the implementation process of early childhood education services provided by the Ministry of National Education for children aged 0–36 months with developmental characteristics. Using a case study design and criterion sampling, six educators working in a special education kindergarten were included in the research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents. The research findings were organized under three main themes: educators’ perspectives, the physical environment and program implementation, and the programs used. The findings revealed a lack of appropriate physical environments for program implementation, insufficient instructional hours despite the importance of the program, and families experiencing emotional challenges. Although the educators preferred to use natural and errorless teaching methods as well as play- and song-based teaching methods, it was determined that they did not implement these methods sufficiently. The study proposed several recommendations for the organization of suitable physical environments and the effective implementation of educational services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 0-36 Months Children
• Early Childhood Special Education
• Children with Support Needs
• Developmental Differences
• Developmental Characteristics.

0-36 Aylık Destek Gereksinimi Olan Çocuklar İçin Erken Çocukluk Eğitim Hizmetlerinin Uygulama Sürecinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Erken çocukluk dönemi, çocuk gelişiminde kritik bir aşama olup erken müdahale uygulamalarının temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu dönemde verilen özel eğitim, çocukların gelişim potansiyellerini en üst düzeye çıkarmada ve topluma katılımlarını desteklemede belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Sunulan eğitim hizmetlerinin etkilerini ve geliştirilme yollarını anlamak, eğitimin niteliğini artırmada büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının 0–36 aylık farklı gelişimsel özellikleri olan çocuklara yönelik erken çocukluk eğitimi hizmetlerinin uygulama süreci incelenmiştir. Araştırmada durum çalışması yöntemi ve ölçüt örnekleme kullanılarak bir özel eğitim anaokulunda çalışan altı eğitimci araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, gözlemler ve dokümanlar aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları eğitimcilerin görüşleri, fiziksel ortam ve programın işleyişi ve kullanılan programlar olmak üzere üç ana başlık altında oluşturulmuştur. Bulgular, programın yürütülmesi için uygun fiziksel ortam eksikliği, programın önemine rağmen uygulama saatlerinin yetersizliği ve ailelerin duygusal zorluklar yaşadığını göstermiştir. Bulgularda, eğitimcilerin doğal ve yanlışsız öğretim yöntemlerini ve oyun ve şarkı temelli öğretim yöntemlerini kullanmayı tercih ettiği görülmekle birlikte belirtilen yöntemleri yeterince uygulamadıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada uygun fiziksel ortamların düzenlenmesi ve eğitim hizmetlerinin uygulanmasına yönelik çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 0-36 Aylık Çocuklar
• Erken Çocukluk Özel Eğitimi
• Destek Gereksinimi Olan Çocuklar
• Gelişimsel Farklılıklar
• Gelişimsel Özellikler

Kaynakça

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