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SAMUEL ALEXANDER’IN MEKÂN-ZAMANDAKİ TANRI BELİRİMCİLİĞİ VE DOĞRU-YANLIŞ ANLAYIŞI

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 179 - 194, 16.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.31463/aicusbed.860681

Öz

İngiliz belirimciliğinin önemli düşünürlerinden olan Samuel Alexander, mekân, zaman ve Tanrı kavramlarına yönelik ifade ettiği özgün düşünceleriyle Avrupa felsefe dünyasının saygınlığını kazanmış bir filozoftur. Alexander, tedrici niteliksel sürece bağlı gelişen bir evren ve bu evrenin kendisi olan tümtanrıcılık sistemini felsefesinde konu edinmiştir. Bu anlayış, evrendeki sonlu varlıkların tedrici ortaya çıkışlarının evrimsel bir zeminde gerçekleştiğini iddia eden bir düşünceye hizmet etmektedir. Conwy Lloyd Morgan’ın “Ortaya Çıkan Evrim Teorisi” düşüncesiyle de desteklenmiş bu anlayışta, her şey madde ve zaman birlikteliğinde süreçsel yükselişlerini başlatmıştır. Hareketin hâkimiyetinde, maddeden yaşama; yaşamdan akla ve en sonunda da ulûhiyete doğru olan bir serüven yaşanmaktadır dünyada. Bu süreçte sadece dört aşama bulunmamaktadır. Her sonlu nitelik, kategori ve değer, bu süreçte yeterli olgunluk seviyesine ulaşmak şartıyla ortaya çıkmaktadır. Elbette doğru ve yanlış olguları da bu sürecin bir parçasıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, S. (1886). “Hegel’s Conception of Nature”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 11, 495-523.
  • Alexander, S. (1891). Moral Order and Progress. Londra: Kegan Paul Trench Trübner & Co. Ltd.
  • Alexander, S. (1892). “The Idea of Value”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, I, 31-54.
  • Alexander, S. (1912). “The Method of Metaphysics; And The Categories”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 21, 1-0.
  • Alexander, S. (1921). “Some Explanations”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 30, 409-428.
  • Alexander, S. (1923). “Value”. Philosophical and Literary Pieces, 1, 287-98.
  • Alexander, S. (1927a). Space Time and Deity II. New York: The Humanities Press.
  • Alexander, S. (1927b). Space Time and Deity I. Londra: The Macmillan Company.
  • Alexander, S. (1933). Beauty and Other Forms of Value. Londra: Macmillan and Company.
  • Alexander, S. (2019). Spinoza ve Zaman. (çev. Berk Yaylım). Ankara: Fol Kitap Yayıncılık.
  • Brettschneider, Bertram D. (1964). The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander Idealism In Space, Time and Deity. New York: Humanities Press.
  • Cevizci, A. (2017). Felsefe Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • Gillet, C. (2006). “Samuel Alexander’s Emergentism: or, Higher Causation for Physicalists”. Synthese, 153, 261-296.
  • Hartshorne, C. (1937). Beyond Humanism: Essays in the Philosophy of Nature. United States of America: Willet, Clark and Company.
  • Hume, D. (2016). Din Üstüne. (çev. Mete Tunçay). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Kauffman, A. H. (1952). Élan Vital, Nisus, And Creativity As Treated in the Thought of H. Bergson, S. Alexander, and A. N. Whitehead. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Boston: Boston University.
  • Konvitz, M. R. (1946). On the Nature of Value: The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander. New York: King’s Crown Press.
  • McCreary, J. K. (1947). “The Religious Philosophy of Samuel Alexander”. The Journal of Religion, 27, 111-112.
  • Morgan, C. Lloyd. (1927). Emergent Evolution. Londra: The Gifford Lectures.
  • Muirhead, J. H. (1939). “Samuel Alexander”. Philosophy The Journal of the British Institute of Philosophy, 14, 3-14.
  • Passmore, J. (1998). “The New Realists”. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, 77, 46-56.
  • Stout, G. F. (1998). “The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander (II.)”. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, 77, 16-22.
  • Thomas, E. (2013). “Space, Time and Samuel Alexander”. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 21, 549-569.
  • Weinstein, M. A. (1984). Unity and Variety in the Philosophy of Samuel Alexander. West Lafayette Indiana: Purdue University Press.

Samuel Alexander's God Emergentism in Space-Time and True-False Understanding

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 179 - 194, 16.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.31463/aicusbed.860681

Öz

Samuel Alexander, one of the important thinkers of British emergentism, is a philosopher who has earned the respect of the European philosophical world with his original thoughts on the concepts of space, time and God. Alexander has taken a universe that develops depending on a gradual qualitative process, and this universe itself, which is the subject of the system of pantheism in his philosophy. This understanding serves the idea that the gradual emergence of finite beings in the universe took place on an evolutionary basis. In this understanding, which is also supported by Conwy Lloyd Morgan's "Emergent Evolution Theory" thought, everything initiated its processional rise in the combination of matter and time. With dominated by the movement, there is a process in the world which has began by matter and pass to life and ultimately reach to deity. There are not only four stages in this process. Each finite feature provided that they reach a sufficient maturity level, category and value emerges in this process. Of course, phenomenon of right and wrong are also a part of this process.

Kaynakça

  • Alexander, S. (1886). “Hegel’s Conception of Nature”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 11, 495-523.
  • Alexander, S. (1891). Moral Order and Progress. Londra: Kegan Paul Trench Trübner & Co. Ltd.
  • Alexander, S. (1892). “The Idea of Value”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, I, 31-54.
  • Alexander, S. (1912). “The Method of Metaphysics; And The Categories”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 21, 1-0.
  • Alexander, S. (1921). “Some Explanations”. Mind A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 30, 409-428.
  • Alexander, S. (1923). “Value”. Philosophical and Literary Pieces, 1, 287-98.
  • Alexander, S. (1927a). Space Time and Deity II. New York: The Humanities Press.
  • Alexander, S. (1927b). Space Time and Deity I. Londra: The Macmillan Company.
  • Alexander, S. (1933). Beauty and Other Forms of Value. Londra: Macmillan and Company.
  • Alexander, S. (2019). Spinoza ve Zaman. (çev. Berk Yaylım). Ankara: Fol Kitap Yayıncılık.
  • Brettschneider, Bertram D. (1964). The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander Idealism In Space, Time and Deity. New York: Humanities Press.
  • Cevizci, A. (2017). Felsefe Sözlüğü. İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • Gillet, C. (2006). “Samuel Alexander’s Emergentism: or, Higher Causation for Physicalists”. Synthese, 153, 261-296.
  • Hartshorne, C. (1937). Beyond Humanism: Essays in the Philosophy of Nature. United States of America: Willet, Clark and Company.
  • Hume, D. (2016). Din Üstüne. (çev. Mete Tunçay). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Kauffman, A. H. (1952). Élan Vital, Nisus, And Creativity As Treated in the Thought of H. Bergson, S. Alexander, and A. N. Whitehead. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Boston: Boston University.
  • Konvitz, M. R. (1946). On the Nature of Value: The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander. New York: King’s Crown Press.
  • McCreary, J. K. (1947). “The Religious Philosophy of Samuel Alexander”. The Journal of Religion, 27, 111-112.
  • Morgan, C. Lloyd. (1927). Emergent Evolution. Londra: The Gifford Lectures.
  • Muirhead, J. H. (1939). “Samuel Alexander”. Philosophy The Journal of the British Institute of Philosophy, 14, 3-14.
  • Passmore, J. (1998). “The New Realists”. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, 77, 46-56.
  • Stout, G. F. (1998). “The Philosophy of Samuel Alexander (II.)”. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, 77, 16-22.
  • Thomas, E. (2013). “Space, Time and Samuel Alexander”. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 21, 549-569.
  • Weinstein, M. A. (1984). Unity and Variety in the Philosophy of Samuel Alexander. West Lafayette Indiana: Purdue University Press.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm MAKALELER
Yazarlar

Ruhattin Yazoğlu 0000-0002-1673-2607

Mehmet Özkaya 0000-0001-6636-2950

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yazoğlu, R., & Özkaya, M. (2021). SAMUEL ALEXANDER’IN MEKÂN-ZAMANDAKİ TANRI BELİRİMCİLİĞİ VE DOĞRU-YANLIŞ ANLAYIŞI. Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 179-194. https://doi.org/10.31463/aicusbed.860681