Mikro-Hidro Santrallerin Kırsal Bölge Sakinlerinin Refahını Arttırmadaki Etkisi: Afganistan Badakhshan İli Örneği

Öz

Afganistan, 2003 yılından başlayarak, Ulusal Dayanışma Programını (NSP) uluslararası toplumdan mali yardım alarak uygulamaya koydu ve tüm vatandaşlara temel hizmetler sunmaya odaklanmıştı. Programın büyük bir kısmı elektrifikasyon, kırsal yollar, içme suyu, okullar vb projelere harcandı. Badahşan ilinde, 443'ü mikro hidroelektrik santralleri olmak üzere NSP tarafından 2713 proje uygulandı. Bu araştırmada 6 ilçeden 1070 örnek veri seti toplanmıştır. Veri analizi, projenin kırsal kesimde yaşayanların refahı üzerindeki etkisini bulmak için Eğilim Puanı Eşleştirme yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Refahın tespiti için TV, bilgisayar ve telefon bulundurma vekil olarak kullanıldı. Sonuçlar, tedavi grubunun kontrol gruplarından daha fazla TV, bilgisayar ve telefona sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Kesin olarak, tedavi grubu muadillerine göre % 23,9 daha fazla TV, % 7,6 daha fazla bilgisayar ve % 37,6 daha fazla telefona sahip.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kırsal kalkınma
• kırsal elektrifikasyon
• Mikro-hidroelektrik Santralleri
• Proje Etkisi
• Afganistan

The Impact of Micro-Hydro Power Plants in Increasing the Welfare of Rural Residents: A Case Study of Badakhshan Province- Afghanistan

Abstract

Afghanistan, starting from 2003 has implemented the National Solidarity Program (NSP) with financial assistance from the international community and focused on delivering basic services to all citizens. The bulk of the program was electrification, countryside roads, drinking water, schools and etc. In Badakhshan province, 2713 projects have been implemented by NSP, of which 443 of them were the micro-hydro power plants. In this research, a dataset of 1070 samples has been gathered from 6 districts. The data analysis was conducted with the Propensity Score Matching method to find the impact of the project on the welfare of rural residents. For detection of welfare the TV, computer, and telephone possession were used as proxies. The results indicate that the treatment group has more TVs, computers, and telephones than control groups. Precisely the treatment group has 23.9% more TVs, 7.6% more computers, and 37.6% more telephones than their counterparts.

Keywords

• Rural development
• rural electrification
• micro-hyro power
• Project impact
• Afghanistan

Kaynakça

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