Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

EVALUATION OF THE INCEL MOVEMENT WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF VULNERABLE NARCISSISM, REJECTION SENSITIVITY AND ANGER

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 195 - 228, 08.12.2025

Öz

In recent years, a predominantly male group of people who identify as “incel”, who complain about celibacy and lack of sexual relations, have attracted considerable attention for their misogynistic online discourse and their links to a number of acts of violence motivated by hatred of women. The arguments they use to explain their anger often include references to undeserved rejection. These discourses, coupled with the fact that these individuals are mostly active on online platforms but avoidant in their daily lives, suggest that their vulnerable narcissistic traits may be at the forefront. Vulnerable narcissism is a subtype of narcissism characterized by defensiveness, avoidance, insecurity, hypersensitivity, low self-esteem, high anger and hostility. Rejection sensitivity is a state of being ready to feel unaccepted and overreacting to rejection and is closely related to vulnerable narcissism. In this regard, it is thought that the individuals who make up the incel community are essentially organized around narcissistic vulnerability and rejection sensitivity, and the aim of the current review study is to evaluate the incel community through vulnerable narcissism, rejection sensitivity and anger within the existing literature.

Kaynakça

  • Abramovic, M. (2020). Duvarlardan Geçmek (ss. 89–93). İstanbul: Everest Yayınları. Alana, (2019, October 8,). “My history with involuntary celibacy”. Love not anger (LNA) https://www.lovenotanger.org/my-history-with-involuntary-celibacy/ (28.04.2024).
  • Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2): 211-236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
  • Allely, C. S., & Faccini, L. (2017). “Path to intended violence” model to understand mass violence in the case of Elliot Rodger. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 37: 201–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.09.005(open in a new window)
  • Allen, K. A., Ryan, T., Gray, D. L., McInerney, D. M., & Waters, L. (2014). Social media use and social connectedness in adolescents: The positives and the potential pitfalls. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 31(1): 18-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.2
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Anderson, R. (2017, September 23).'Here Iam, 26, with no friends, no job, no girlfriend’: Shooter’s manifesto offers clues to 2015 Oregon college rampage. Los Angeles. Times.https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-school-shootings-2017-story.html (16.05.2025).
  • Baele, S. J., Brace, L., & Coan, T. G. (2021). From “Incel” to “Saint”: Analyzing the violent worldview behind the 2018 Toronto attack. Terrorism and Political Violence, 33(8): 1667-1691.
  • Baele, S., Brace, L., Coan, T., (2019). “Incel” to “Saint”: Analyzing the violent worldview behind the 2018 toronto attack. terrorism and political violence. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2019.1638256.
  • Barry, C. T., Loflin, D. C., & Doucette, H. (2015). Adolescent self-compassion: Associations with narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and internalizing symptoms in at-risk males. Personality and Individual Differences, 77: 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.036
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Narcissism as addiction to esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 206–210. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1204_1 BBC, (2020, May 20). Teenage boy charged in canada’s first ‘ıncel’ terror case. BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-52733060 (23.04.2024).
  • Beauchamp Z., (2019, April 23). Our ıncel problem. Vox. https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/4/16/18287446/incel-definition-reddit. (23.04.2024).
  • Bentley, J. R., & Treadway, D. C. (2024). The victimized narcissist: Anger, hope, and self-construal. Current Psychology: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-05717-y
  • Besser, A., Priel B., (2010). Grandiose narcissism versus vulnerable narcissism in threatening situations: emotional reactions to achievement failure and interpersonal rejection. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(8): 874-902. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2010.29.8.874
  • Bloom, M. M. (2022). The first incel? The legacy of Marc Lépine. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 5(1): 39-74.
  • Bodecka, M., Grala, K., Szymczak, K., Zajenkowska, A., Rajchert, J., Kostrzewska, D., & Lawrence, C. (2021). Relationship between trait anger and rejection sensitivity: the moderating role of the group (inmates and non-inmates). The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 32(6): 777-791.
  • Brown. J., James, K., Taylor, A., (2010). “Caught in the rejection–abuse cycle: Are we really treating perpetrators of domestic abuse effectively?”. Journal of Family Therapy 32: 280–307 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2010.00494.x
  • Bryce, C. J., Skvarc, D. R., King, R. M., & Hyder, S. (2023). Don't set me off—grandiose and vulnerable dimensions of narcissism are associated with different forms of aggression: A multivariate regression analysis. Current Psychology, 42(12): 10177-10185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02318-x
  • Campbell, W. K., ve Green, J. D. (2008). Narcissism and interpersonal self-regulation. In J. V. Wood, A. Tesser, ve J. G. Holmes (Eds.), The self and social relationships (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press.
  • Cecco, L. (2020, May 19). Canada police say machete killing was ‘incel’ terror attack. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/19/toronto-attack-incel-terrorism-canada-police. (16.05.2025).
  • Chang, W. (2022). The monstrous-feminine in the incel imagination: Investigating the representation of women as “femoids” on/r/Braincels. Feminist Media Studies, 22(2): 254-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2020.1804976
  • Chavez, N., (April 25, 2018), “Toronto van Attack Suspect’s Facebook Post linked to anti-women ideology”. CNN World. https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/25/americas/toronto-van-attack/index.html. (23.04.2024). CNN, (2009). Police: Gym shooter ‘had a lot of hatred’ for women, society. CNN News. https://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/08/05/pennsylvania.gym.shooting/. (23.04.2024).
  • Cohen, Z.P. ve Faraji, H. (2022). Narsisistik kişilik bozukluğu psikoterapisinde aktarım ve karşı aktarımın incelenmesi: Bir gözden geçirme, Muhakeme Dergisi, 5(2), 41-55. https://doi.org/10.33817/muhakeme.1114022 Connell, R. (1987). Gender and power: Society, the person and sexual politics. East Melbourne: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 9780041500868.
  • Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. University of California Press.
  • Connell, R. W. (2005), Masculinities, (2. baskı), Berkeley: University of California .
  • Connell, R., & Messerchmidt, J. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender and Society, 19(6): 829–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243205278639
  • Cottee, S. (2020). Incel (E) motives: Resentment, shame and revenge. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 44(2): 93-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1822589
  • Cuthbert, K. (2023, November). Neither ‘incel’nor ‘volcel’: Relational accounts of UK women's sexual abstinence. In Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 101, p. 102835). Pergamon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102835
  • Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz, K., Iwon, K., Zajenkowska, A., & Smoleń, S. (2025). Exploring the links between rejection sensitivity, vulnerable narcissism, and hostile attributions in inmates and non-incarcerated individuals. Personality and Individual Differences, 240: 113171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113171
  • Czarna, A. Z., Zajenkowski, M., Maciantowicz, O., & Szymaniak, K. (2021). The relationship of narcissism with tendency to react with anger and hostility: The roles of neuroticism and emotion regulation ability. Current Psychology, 40: 5499-5514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00504-6
  • DeYoung, C. G. (2015). Cybernetic big five theory. Journal of Research in Personality, 56, 33–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2014.07.004
  • Downey G, Feldman, S.I, (1996). Implications Of Rejection Sensitivity For Intimate Relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70:1327-1343.
  • Duke, A., (May 27, 2014). “Timeline to 'Retribution': Isla vista attacks planned over years”. CNN US. https://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/26/justice/california-elliot-rodger-timeline/. (23.04.2024). Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social Role Interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Fish, S. (1980). Interpreting the Valiorum (Chapter). In Is there a text in this class? Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Freis, S. D., Brown, A. A., Carroll, P. J., & Arkin, R. M. (2015). Shame, rage, and unsuccessful motivated reasoning in vulnerable narcissism. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 34, 877–895. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.10.877
  • Freud, S., (2006). Narsisizm üzerine ve scherber vakası. (M. Atakay, Çev.). Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal basım yılı 1914).
  • Fromm E., (1982). Sağlıklı Toplum, (S.Yurdanur ve Z.Tanrısever, Çev.) İstanbul: Payel Yayınları. Gabbard, G. (1989). Two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 53: 527-532. Garvey W. D., (2014). “Communication: The Essence of Science” https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=trvelr=veid=3RijBQAAQBAJveoi=fndvepg=PP1vedq=Garvey,+2014veots=8HONQ59E6Qvesig=z58KXzKtSRV5IxPfk2a0KrS-0I8veredir_esc=y#v=onepageveq=Garvey%2C%202014vef=false
  • Ging, 2019, D. (2019). Alphas, betas, and incels: Theorizing the masculinities of the manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 22(4): 638-657. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17706401
  • Godin, M., (May 20, 2020). “Canadian teen charged with terrorism over attack allegedly motivated by ‘ıncel movement”. TIME. from https://time.com/5839395/canada-teen-terrorism-incel-attack/. (23.04.2024)
  • Gökduman, T., (2020, 9 Temmuz). ““Incel” Terörü: Alfa erkekler, zalim kadınlar ve istemsiz bekarlar”. 5 Harfliler. https://www.5harfliler.com/incel-teroru-alfa-erkekler-zalim-kadinlar-ve-istemsiz-bekarlar/. (23.04.2024). Granovetter, M., (1978). Threshold models of collective behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 83(6): 1420-1443. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/epdf/10.1086/226707 Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009).A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies.
  • Health Information & Libraries Journal, 26(2): 91–108.
  • https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x Gu, R., & Hyun, J. (2021). The associations of covert narcissism, self-compassion, and shame-focused coping strategies with depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 178, 110882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110882
  • Hart, W., Adams, J. M., & Tortoriello, G. (2017). Narcissistic responses to provocation: An examination of the rage and threatened-egotism accounts. Personality and Individual Differences, 106: 152–156.
  • Hoffman, B., Ware, J., & Shapiro, E. (2020). Assessing the threat of incel violence. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 43(7): 565-587. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1751459
  • Jaeger, G. (2023). Gymcels: Incels samtida utlöpare på sociala medier [Lisans tezi, Lund Üniversitesi]. Lund Üniversitesi Yayınları. https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9125702
  • Jaki, S., De Smedt, T., Gw´ o´zd´ z, M., Panchal, R., Rossa, A., ve De Pauw, G. (2019). Online hatred of women in the Incels.me forum: Linguistic analysis and automatic detection. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 7(2): 240–268. https://doi. org/10.1075/jlac.00026.jak
  • Jones, A., (2020). Incels And The Manosphere: Tracking men's movements online (Master Thesis). University of Central Florida. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd2020/65/ Kampe, L., Bohn, J., Remmers, C., & Hörz-Sagstetter, S. (2021). It's not that great anymore: The central role of defense mechanisms in grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12: 661948. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.661948
  • Kassam, A., (April 25, 2018). “Woman Behind ‘Incel’ says angry men hijacked her word ‘as a weapon of war,’” Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/25/woman-who-invented-incel-movement-interview-toronto-attack. (23.04.2024).
  • Kelly, A., (2017). The Alt-Right: Reactionary rehabilitation for white masculinity. Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 66: 68–78. https://doi.org/10.3898/136266217821733688 Kernberg, O., (2012). Sınır durumlar ve patolojik narsisizm. (M. Atakay, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal yayın yılı 1975)
  • Kjærvik S. L., Bushman B. J. (2021). The link between narcissism and aggression: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 147(5): 477–503. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000323 Kohut H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 27(1): 360–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.1972.11822721
  • Kohut, H., (1977). Restoration of The Self. New York: International University Press. Krizan Z., Johar O. (2015). Narcissistic rage revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(5): 784–801. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000013 Krizan, Z., & Johar, O. (2015). Narcissistic rage revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(5): 784–801. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000013 Lavender, N. J., (January 10, 2014). “Narcıssısm the narcissistic wound the first cut is always the deepest.”. Psychology Today https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/impossible-please/201401/the-narcissistic-wound . (23.04.2025).
  • Lindsay, C. A., (2020). Swallowing the black pill: A qualitative exploration of ıncel antifeminism within digital society (Master Thesis). Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/thesis/Swallowing_the_Black_Pill_A_Qualitative_Exploration_of_Incel_Antifeminism_within_Digital_Society/17145704
  • Maciantowicz, O., & Zajenkowski, M. (2020). Is narcissistic anger fueled by neuroticism? The relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, neuroticism, and trait anger. Current Psychology, 39: 1674-1681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9866-y
  • Manavis S. (November 8, 2019), “What Is Shitposting? And why does it matter that the bbc got it wrong?” New Statesman, https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/media/2019/11/what-is-shitposting-and-why-does-it-matter-bbc-brexitcast-laura-kuenssberg-got-it-wrong. (28.04.2024)
  • Manne, K. (2018). Down Girl: The Logic of misogyny. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Messerchmidt, J. (2004). Flesh & Blood: Adolescent gender diversity and violence. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Michelsen, N., ve De Orellana, P. (2019). Discourses of resilience in the us alt-right. Resilience, 7(3): 171-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/21693293.2019.1609199
  • Miller, J. D., Back, M. D., Lynam, D. R., & Wright, A. G. (2021). Narcissism today: What we know and what we need to learn. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(6): 519-525. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214211044109
  • Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Gaughan, E. T., Gentile, B., Maples, J., & Keith Campbell, W. (2011). Grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: A nomological network analysis. Journal of personality, 79(5), 1013-1042. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00711.x
  • Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. R., Vize, C., Crowe, M., Sleep, C., Maples‐Keller, J. L., Few, L. R., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Vulnerable narcissism is (mostly) a disorder of neuroticism. Journal of Personality, 86(2): 186–199. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12303
  • Müller, K., & Schwarz, C. (2021). Fanning the flames of hate: Social media and hate crime. Journal of the European Economic Association, 19(4): 2131-2167. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvaa045
  • Myketiak, C. (2016). Fragile masculinity: Social inequalities in the narrative frame and discursive construction of a mass shooter's autobiography/manifesto. Contemporary Social Science, 11(4): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2016.1213414
  • Nagle, A. (March, 2016). “The New Man of 4chan.”. The Baffer. https://thebaffler.com/salvos/new-man-4chan-nagle. (28.04.2024)
  • O'Donnell, C., & Shor, E. (2022). “This is a political movement, friend”: Why “incels” support violence. The British Journal of Sociology, 73(2): 336-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12923
  • Parton, D. M., & Ent, M. R. (2018). Vulnerable narcissism predicts greater spiteful punishment of a third-party transgressor. Journal of Research in Personality, 76: 150–153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2018.08.005
  • Pascoe, C. J. (2007). Dude, you’re a fag: Masculinity and sexuality in high school. Oakland: University of California Press.
  • Pincus, A. L., Ansell, E. B., Pimentel, C. A., Cain, N. M., Wright, A. G. C., & Levy, K. N. (2009). Initial construction and validation of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 21(3): 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016530
  • Poggi, A., Richetin, J., & Preti, E. (2019). Trust and rejection sensitivity in personality disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 21: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1059-3
  • Rodger, E. (2014). My twisted world: The story of Elliot Rodger (amanifesto). Document Cloud. https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1173808-elliot-rodger-manifesto (16.05.2025).
  • Romano, A., (Jun 20, 2018). “What A woman-led ıncel support group can teach us about men and mental health”, Vox. https://www.vox.com/2018/6/20/17314846/incel-support-group-therapy-black-pill-mental-health- (28.04.2024).
  • Ronningstam, E., (2009). Narcissistic personality disorder: Facing DSM-V. Psychiatric Annals, 39(3): 111–121. https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20090301-09-
  • Sasso, S., Cain, N. M., Meehan, K. B., Zeng, R., & Wong, P. S. (2021). The impact of pathological narcissism on affect following social rejection. Journal of Personality Disorders, 35(5): 691-707.https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2020_34_492
  • Scaptura, M. N., & Boyle, K. M. (2019). Masculinity threat, ‘incel’ traits, and violent fantasies among hereosexual men in the United States. Feminist Criminology, 15(3): 278–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085119896415
  • Sharkey, G. (2022). Failure to thrive: Incels, boys and feminism. Continuum, 36(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.1958160
  • Sousbois, O. F. (2025). Incels, Looksmaxxing, and the Surgical Design of the ‘Chad’-vertised Body. Body & Society, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/1357034X251363787
  • Speckhard, A., Ellenberg, M., Morton, J., ve Ash, A. (2021). Involuntary celibates’ experiences of and grievance over sexual exclusion and the potential threat of violence among those active in an online incel forum. Journal of Strategic Security, 14(2): 89-121. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910
  • Spiegel, T. J. (2023). Lookism as epistemic injustice. Social Epistemology, 37(1): 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2022.2076629
  • Squirrell, T. (2018, April 26). New article at The Independent: Why incels are more and more violent than just men’s rights activists. Retrieved October 26, 2025, from https://www.timsquirrell.com/blog/2018/4/26/new-article-at-the-independent-why-incels-are-more-and-more-violent-than-just-mens-rights-activists
  • Srinivasan, A. (2018). Does anyone have the right to sex?. London Review of Books, 40(6): 1-12.
  • Stinson, D. A., Logel, C., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., Cameron, J. J., Wood, J. V., & Spencer, S. J. (2008). The cost of lower self-esteem: Testing a self- and social-bonds model of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(3) 412–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.3.412
  • Taylor, J. (Agust 30, 2018). The woman who founded the ‘incel’movement. BBC News, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45284455. (28.04.2024).
  • Temelli, E. (2022). “Incel” örneği üzerinden çevrim içi mizojinist gruplar ve şiddet eylemleri. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences (IJSHS), 6(1): 11-30.
  • Tolentino, J. (May 15, 2018). The Rage Of The Incels. The New Yorker.
  • https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-rage-of-the-incels. (28.04.2024). Torgersen, S. (2005). Epidemiology. In J. M. Oldham, A. E. Skodol, ve D. S. Bender (Eds.), The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders (pp. 129–141). Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
  • Twenge, J. M. ve Campbell, W. K. (2003). Isn’t it fun to get the respect that we are going to deserve? Narcissism, social rejection and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29: 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051
  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: Living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
  • Vito, C., Admire, A., & Hughes, E. (2018). Masculinity, aggrieved entitlement, and violence: Considering the Isla Vista mass shooting. International Journal for Men and Masculinities. 86-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/18902138.2017.1390658
  • Walby, S. (1990). Theorizing Patriarchy. Blackwell Publishers.
  • Waśniewska, M. (2020). The red pill, unicorns and white knights: Cultur-al symbolism and conceptual metaphor in the slang of online ıncel communities B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk (Ed.). In Cultural Conceptualizations. 65-82 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-42734-4_4
  • Weiss B., Miller J. D. (2018). Distinguishing between grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, and narcissistic personality disorder. In Hermann A. D., Brunell A. B., Foster J. D. (Eds.), Handbook of trait narcissism: Key advances, research methods, and controversies (pp. 3–13). New York: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92171-6_1
  • Weiss, B., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Distinguishing between grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, and narcissistic personality disorder. In A. Hermann, A. Brunell, & J. Foster (Eds.), Handbook of Trait Narcissism: Key advances, research methods, and controversies (pp. 3–13). London: Springer Press.
  • Wink, P. (1991). Two faces of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 590-597.
  • Winsor, M. (2018, April 25). Toronto van attack suspect declared “Incel Rebellion” in chilling Facebook post. ABC News. Retrieved October 26, 2025, from https://abcnews.go.com/International/News/toronto-van-attack-suspect-declared-incel-rebellion-chilling/story?id=54718771
  • Witt, T., (2020). If I cannot have it, i will do everything i can to destroy it.’ the canonization of Elliot Rodger: ‘Incel’ masculinities, secular sainthood, and justifications of ideological violence. Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture, 26(5): 675-689. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2020.1787132
  • Zimmerman, S., Ryan, L. ve Duriesmith, D., (2018). “Recognizing the violent ex-tremist ideology of ‘Incels’. Women In International Security, Policy Brief”. https://giwps.georgetown.edu/resource/recognizing-the-violent-extremist-ideology-of-incels/. (16.05.2025).

İncel Hareketinin Kırılgan Narsisizm, Reddedilme Duyarlılığı ve Öfke Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 195 - 228, 08.12.2025

Öz

Son yıllarda, kendilerini "İncel" olarak tanımlayan bekarlık ve cinsel ilişki yokluğundan şikayetçi olan çoğunluğunu erkeklerin oluşturduğu grup kadın düşmanı çevrimiçi söylemleri ve kadın nefretinden kaynaklanan bir dizi şiddet eylemiyle olan bağları nedeniyle büyük dikkat çekmiştir. Bu kişilerin öfkelerini açıklarken kullandıkları argümanlarda sıklıkla reddedilmiş olmaya ve bunu hak etmemeye dair atıflar bulunmaktadır. Söz konusu söylemler, bu kişilerin çoğunlukla online platformlarda aktif olması ancak günlük yaşama dahil olmayan kaçıngan tutumlarıyla birleştiğinde kırılgan narsisistik özelliklerinin ön planda olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Kırılgan narsisizm; savunuculuk, kaçınma, güvensizlik, aşırı duyarlılık, düşük benlik saygısı, yüksek öfke ve düşmanlık ile karakterize olan bir alt narsisizm türüdür. Reddedilme duyarlılığı, kabul edilmediğini düşünmeye hazır olma ve reddedilmeye karşı aşırı tepki gösterme durumu olup kırılgan narsisizm ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bu doğrultuda incel topluluğunu oluşturan bireylerin esasen narsisistik kırılganlık ve reddedilme duyarlılığı etrafında örgütlendiği düşünülmekte olup mevcut derleme çalışmasının amacını incel topluluğunun; kırılgan narsisizm, reddedilme duyarlılığı ve öfke duygusu üzerinden mevcut literatür dahilinde değerlendirilmesi oluşturmaktadır.

Etik Beyan

Etik onay gerektirmemektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abramovic, M. (2020). Duvarlardan Geçmek (ss. 89–93). İstanbul: Everest Yayınları. Alana, (2019, October 8,). “My history with involuntary celibacy”. Love not anger (LNA) https://www.lovenotanger.org/my-history-with-involuntary-celibacy/ (28.04.2024).
  • Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2): 211-236. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.31.2.211
  • Allely, C. S., & Faccini, L. (2017). “Path to intended violence” model to understand mass violence in the case of Elliot Rodger. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 37: 201–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.09.005(open in a new window)
  • Allen, K. A., Ryan, T., Gray, D. L., McInerney, D. M., & Waters, L. (2014). Social media use and social connectedness in adolescents: The positives and the potential pitfalls. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 31(1): 18-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.2
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Anderson, R. (2017, September 23).'Here Iam, 26, with no friends, no job, no girlfriend’: Shooter’s manifesto offers clues to 2015 Oregon college rampage. Los Angeles. Times.https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-school-shootings-2017-story.html (16.05.2025).
  • Baele, S. J., Brace, L., & Coan, T. G. (2021). From “Incel” to “Saint”: Analyzing the violent worldview behind the 2018 Toronto attack. Terrorism and Political Violence, 33(8): 1667-1691.
  • Baele, S., Brace, L., Coan, T., (2019). “Incel” to “Saint”: Analyzing the violent worldview behind the 2018 toronto attack. terrorism and political violence. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2019.1638256.
  • Barry, C. T., Loflin, D. C., & Doucette, H. (2015). Adolescent self-compassion: Associations with narcissism, self-esteem, aggression, and internalizing symptoms in at-risk males. Personality and Individual Differences, 77: 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.036
  • Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Narcissism as addiction to esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 206–210. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1204_1 BBC, (2020, May 20). Teenage boy charged in canada’s first ‘ıncel’ terror case. BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-52733060 (23.04.2024).
  • Beauchamp Z., (2019, April 23). Our ıncel problem. Vox. https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/4/16/18287446/incel-definition-reddit. (23.04.2024).
  • Bentley, J. R., & Treadway, D. C. (2024). The victimized narcissist: Anger, hope, and self-construal. Current Psychology: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-05717-y
  • Besser, A., Priel B., (2010). Grandiose narcissism versus vulnerable narcissism in threatening situations: emotional reactions to achievement failure and interpersonal rejection. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(8): 874-902. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2010.29.8.874
  • Bloom, M. M. (2022). The first incel? The legacy of Marc Lépine. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 5(1): 39-74.
  • Bodecka, M., Grala, K., Szymczak, K., Zajenkowska, A., Rajchert, J., Kostrzewska, D., & Lawrence, C. (2021). Relationship between trait anger and rejection sensitivity: the moderating role of the group (inmates and non-inmates). The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 32(6): 777-791.
  • Brown. J., James, K., Taylor, A., (2010). “Caught in the rejection–abuse cycle: Are we really treating perpetrators of domestic abuse effectively?”. Journal of Family Therapy 32: 280–307 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2010.00494.x
  • Bryce, C. J., Skvarc, D. R., King, R. M., & Hyder, S. (2023). Don't set me off—grandiose and vulnerable dimensions of narcissism are associated with different forms of aggression: A multivariate regression analysis. Current Psychology, 42(12): 10177-10185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02318-x
  • Campbell, W. K., ve Green, J. D. (2008). Narcissism and interpersonal self-regulation. In J. V. Wood, A. Tesser, ve J. G. Holmes (Eds.), The self and social relationships (pp. 73–94). Psychology Press.
  • Cecco, L. (2020, May 19). Canada police say machete killing was ‘incel’ terror attack. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/19/toronto-attack-incel-terrorism-canada-police. (16.05.2025).
  • Chang, W. (2022). The monstrous-feminine in the incel imagination: Investigating the representation of women as “femoids” on/r/Braincels. Feminist Media Studies, 22(2): 254-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2020.1804976
  • Chavez, N., (April 25, 2018), “Toronto van Attack Suspect’s Facebook Post linked to anti-women ideology”. CNN World. https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/25/americas/toronto-van-attack/index.html. (23.04.2024). CNN, (2009). Police: Gym shooter ‘had a lot of hatred’ for women, society. CNN News. https://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/08/05/pennsylvania.gym.shooting/. (23.04.2024).
  • Cohen, Z.P. ve Faraji, H. (2022). Narsisistik kişilik bozukluğu psikoterapisinde aktarım ve karşı aktarımın incelenmesi: Bir gözden geçirme, Muhakeme Dergisi, 5(2), 41-55. https://doi.org/10.33817/muhakeme.1114022 Connell, R. (1987). Gender and power: Society, the person and sexual politics. East Melbourne: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 9780041500868.
  • Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. University of California Press.
  • Connell, R. W. (2005), Masculinities, (2. baskı), Berkeley: University of California .
  • Connell, R., & Messerchmidt, J. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender and Society, 19(6): 829–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243205278639
  • Cottee, S. (2020). Incel (E) motives: Resentment, shame and revenge. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 44(2): 93-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1822589
  • Cuthbert, K. (2023, November). Neither ‘incel’nor ‘volcel’: Relational accounts of UK women's sexual abstinence. In Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 101, p. 102835). Pergamon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102835
  • Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz, K., Iwon, K., Zajenkowska, A., & Smoleń, S. (2025). Exploring the links between rejection sensitivity, vulnerable narcissism, and hostile attributions in inmates and non-incarcerated individuals. Personality and Individual Differences, 240: 113171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113171
  • Czarna, A. Z., Zajenkowski, M., Maciantowicz, O., & Szymaniak, K. (2021). The relationship of narcissism with tendency to react with anger and hostility: The roles of neuroticism and emotion regulation ability. Current Psychology, 40: 5499-5514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00504-6
  • DeYoung, C. G. (2015). Cybernetic big five theory. Journal of Research in Personality, 56, 33–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2014.07.004
  • Downey G, Feldman, S.I, (1996). Implications Of Rejection Sensitivity For Intimate Relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70:1327-1343.
  • Duke, A., (May 27, 2014). “Timeline to 'Retribution': Isla vista attacks planned over years”. CNN US. https://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/26/justice/california-elliot-rodger-timeline/. (23.04.2024). Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex Differences in Social Behavior: A Social Role Interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Fish, S. (1980). Interpreting the Valiorum (Chapter). In Is there a text in this class? Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Freis, S. D., Brown, A. A., Carroll, P. J., & Arkin, R. M. (2015). Shame, rage, and unsuccessful motivated reasoning in vulnerable narcissism. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 34, 877–895. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2015.34.10.877
  • Freud, S., (2006). Narsisizm üzerine ve scherber vakası. (M. Atakay, Çev.). Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal basım yılı 1914).
  • Fromm E., (1982). Sağlıklı Toplum, (S.Yurdanur ve Z.Tanrısever, Çev.) İstanbul: Payel Yayınları. Gabbard, G. (1989). Two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 53: 527-532. Garvey W. D., (2014). “Communication: The Essence of Science” https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=trvelr=veid=3RijBQAAQBAJveoi=fndvepg=PP1vedq=Garvey,+2014veots=8HONQ59E6Qvesig=z58KXzKtSRV5IxPfk2a0KrS-0I8veredir_esc=y#v=onepageveq=Garvey%2C%202014vef=false
  • Ging, 2019, D. (2019). Alphas, betas, and incels: Theorizing the masculinities of the manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 22(4): 638-657. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17706401
  • Godin, M., (May 20, 2020). “Canadian teen charged with terrorism over attack allegedly motivated by ‘ıncel movement”. TIME. from https://time.com/5839395/canada-teen-terrorism-incel-attack/. (23.04.2024)
  • Gökduman, T., (2020, 9 Temmuz). ““Incel” Terörü: Alfa erkekler, zalim kadınlar ve istemsiz bekarlar”. 5 Harfliler. https://www.5harfliler.com/incel-teroru-alfa-erkekler-zalim-kadinlar-ve-istemsiz-bekarlar/. (23.04.2024). Granovetter, M., (1978). Threshold models of collective behavior. American Journal of Sociology, 83(6): 1420-1443. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/epdf/10.1086/226707 Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009).A typology of reviews: An analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies.
  • Health Information & Libraries Journal, 26(2): 91–108.
  • https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x Gu, R., & Hyun, J. (2021). The associations of covert narcissism, self-compassion, and shame-focused coping strategies with depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 178, 110882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110882
  • Hart, W., Adams, J. M., & Tortoriello, G. (2017). Narcissistic responses to provocation: An examination of the rage and threatened-egotism accounts. Personality and Individual Differences, 106: 152–156.
  • Hoffman, B., Ware, J., & Shapiro, E. (2020). Assessing the threat of incel violence. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 43(7): 565-587. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2020.1751459
  • Jaeger, G. (2023). Gymcels: Incels samtida utlöpare på sociala medier [Lisans tezi, Lund Üniversitesi]. Lund Üniversitesi Yayınları. https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9125702
  • Jaki, S., De Smedt, T., Gw´ o´zd´ z, M., Panchal, R., Rossa, A., ve De Pauw, G. (2019). Online hatred of women in the Incels.me forum: Linguistic analysis and automatic detection. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict, 7(2): 240–268. https://doi. org/10.1075/jlac.00026.jak
  • Jones, A., (2020). Incels And The Manosphere: Tracking men's movements online (Master Thesis). University of Central Florida. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd2020/65/ Kampe, L., Bohn, J., Remmers, C., & Hörz-Sagstetter, S. (2021). It's not that great anymore: The central role of defense mechanisms in grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12: 661948. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.661948
  • Kassam, A., (April 25, 2018). “Woman Behind ‘Incel’ says angry men hijacked her word ‘as a weapon of war,’” Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/25/woman-who-invented-incel-movement-interview-toronto-attack. (23.04.2024).
  • Kelly, A., (2017). The Alt-Right: Reactionary rehabilitation for white masculinity. Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 66: 68–78. https://doi.org/10.3898/136266217821733688 Kernberg, O., (2012). Sınır durumlar ve patolojik narsisizm. (M. Atakay, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal yayın yılı 1975)
  • Kjærvik S. L., Bushman B. J. (2021). The link between narcissism and aggression: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 147(5): 477–503. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000323 Kohut H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 27(1): 360–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/00797308.1972.11822721
  • Kohut, H., (1977). Restoration of The Self. New York: International University Press. Krizan Z., Johar O. (2015). Narcissistic rage revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(5): 784–801. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000013 Krizan, Z., & Johar, O. (2015). Narcissistic rage revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(5): 784–801. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000013 Lavender, N. J., (January 10, 2014). “Narcıssısm the narcissistic wound the first cut is always the deepest.”. Psychology Today https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/impossible-please/201401/the-narcissistic-wound . (23.04.2025).
  • Lindsay, C. A., (2020). Swallowing the black pill: A qualitative exploration of ıncel antifeminism within digital society (Master Thesis). Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. https://openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz/articles/thesis/Swallowing_the_Black_Pill_A_Qualitative_Exploration_of_Incel_Antifeminism_within_Digital_Society/17145704
  • Maciantowicz, O., & Zajenkowski, M. (2020). Is narcissistic anger fueled by neuroticism? The relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, neuroticism, and trait anger. Current Psychology, 39: 1674-1681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9866-y
  • Manavis S. (November 8, 2019), “What Is Shitposting? And why does it matter that the bbc got it wrong?” New Statesman, https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/media/2019/11/what-is-shitposting-and-why-does-it-matter-bbc-brexitcast-laura-kuenssberg-got-it-wrong. (28.04.2024)
  • Manne, K. (2018). Down Girl: The Logic of misogyny. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Messerchmidt, J. (2004). Flesh & Blood: Adolescent gender diversity and violence. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Michelsen, N., ve De Orellana, P. (2019). Discourses of resilience in the us alt-right. Resilience, 7(3): 171-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/21693293.2019.1609199
  • Miller, J. D., Back, M. D., Lynam, D. R., & Wright, A. G. (2021). Narcissism today: What we know and what we need to learn. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(6): 519-525. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214211044109
  • Miller, J. D., Hoffman, B. J., Gaughan, E. T., Gentile, B., Maples, J., & Keith Campbell, W. (2011). Grandiose and vulnerable narcissism: A nomological network analysis. Journal of personality, 79(5), 1013-1042. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00711.x
  • Miller, J. D., Lynam, D. R., Vize, C., Crowe, M., Sleep, C., Maples‐Keller, J. L., Few, L. R., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Vulnerable narcissism is (mostly) a disorder of neuroticism. Journal of Personality, 86(2): 186–199. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12303
  • Müller, K., & Schwarz, C. (2021). Fanning the flames of hate: Social media and hate crime. Journal of the European Economic Association, 19(4): 2131-2167. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvaa045
  • Myketiak, C. (2016). Fragile masculinity: Social inequalities in the narrative frame and discursive construction of a mass shooter's autobiography/manifesto. Contemporary Social Science, 11(4): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2016.1213414
  • Nagle, A. (March, 2016). “The New Man of 4chan.”. The Baffer. https://thebaffler.com/salvos/new-man-4chan-nagle. (28.04.2024)
  • O'Donnell, C., & Shor, E. (2022). “This is a political movement, friend”: Why “incels” support violence. The British Journal of Sociology, 73(2): 336-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12923
  • Parton, D. M., & Ent, M. R. (2018). Vulnerable narcissism predicts greater spiteful punishment of a third-party transgressor. Journal of Research in Personality, 76: 150–153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2018.08.005
  • Pascoe, C. J. (2007). Dude, you’re a fag: Masculinity and sexuality in high school. Oakland: University of California Press.
  • Pincus, A. L., Ansell, E. B., Pimentel, C. A., Cain, N. M., Wright, A. G. C., & Levy, K. N. (2009). Initial construction and validation of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 21(3): 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016530
  • Poggi, A., Richetin, J., & Preti, E. (2019). Trust and rejection sensitivity in personality disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 21: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1059-3
  • Rodger, E. (2014). My twisted world: The story of Elliot Rodger (amanifesto). Document Cloud. https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1173808-elliot-rodger-manifesto (16.05.2025).
  • Romano, A., (Jun 20, 2018). “What A woman-led ıncel support group can teach us about men and mental health”, Vox. https://www.vox.com/2018/6/20/17314846/incel-support-group-therapy-black-pill-mental-health- (28.04.2024).
  • Ronningstam, E., (2009). Narcissistic personality disorder: Facing DSM-V. Psychiatric Annals, 39(3): 111–121. https://doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20090301-09-
  • Sasso, S., Cain, N. M., Meehan, K. B., Zeng, R., & Wong, P. S. (2021). The impact of pathological narcissism on affect following social rejection. Journal of Personality Disorders, 35(5): 691-707.https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2020_34_492
  • Scaptura, M. N., & Boyle, K. M. (2019). Masculinity threat, ‘incel’ traits, and violent fantasies among hereosexual men in the United States. Feminist Criminology, 15(3): 278–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085119896415
  • Sharkey, G. (2022). Failure to thrive: Incels, boys and feminism. Continuum, 36(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.1958160
  • Sousbois, O. F. (2025). Incels, Looksmaxxing, and the Surgical Design of the ‘Chad’-vertised Body. Body & Society, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/1357034X251363787
  • Speckhard, A., Ellenberg, M., Morton, J., ve Ash, A. (2021). Involuntary celibates’ experiences of and grievance over sexual exclusion and the potential threat of violence among those active in an online incel forum. Journal of Strategic Security, 14(2): 89-121. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.2.1910
  • Spiegel, T. J. (2023). Lookism as epistemic injustice. Social Epistemology, 37(1): 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2022.2076629
  • Squirrell, T. (2018, April 26). New article at The Independent: Why incels are more and more violent than just men’s rights activists. Retrieved October 26, 2025, from https://www.timsquirrell.com/blog/2018/4/26/new-article-at-the-independent-why-incels-are-more-and-more-violent-than-just-mens-rights-activists
  • Srinivasan, A. (2018). Does anyone have the right to sex?. London Review of Books, 40(6): 1-12.
  • Stinson, D. A., Logel, C., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., Cameron, J. J., Wood, J. V., & Spencer, S. J. (2008). The cost of lower self-esteem: Testing a self- and social-bonds model of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(3) 412–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.3.412
  • Taylor, J. (Agust 30, 2018). The woman who founded the ‘incel’movement. BBC News, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45284455. (28.04.2024).
  • Temelli, E. (2022). “Incel” örneği üzerinden çevrim içi mizojinist gruplar ve şiddet eylemleri. International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences (IJSHS), 6(1): 11-30.
  • Tolentino, J. (May 15, 2018). The Rage Of The Incels. The New Yorker.
  • https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-rage-of-the-incels. (28.04.2024). Torgersen, S. (2005). Epidemiology. In J. M. Oldham, A. E. Skodol, ve D. S. Bender (Eds.), The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders (pp. 129–141). Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
  • Twenge, J. M. ve Campbell, W. K. (2003). Isn’t it fun to get the respect that we are going to deserve? Narcissism, social rejection and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29: 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051
  • Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2009). The narcissism epidemic: Living in the age of entitlement. Free Press.
  • Vito, C., Admire, A., & Hughes, E. (2018). Masculinity, aggrieved entitlement, and violence: Considering the Isla Vista mass shooting. International Journal for Men and Masculinities. 86-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/18902138.2017.1390658
  • Walby, S. (1990). Theorizing Patriarchy. Blackwell Publishers.
  • Waśniewska, M. (2020). The red pill, unicorns and white knights: Cultur-al symbolism and conceptual metaphor in the slang of online ıncel communities B. Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk (Ed.). In Cultural Conceptualizations. 65-82 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-42734-4_4
  • Weiss B., Miller J. D. (2018). Distinguishing between grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, and narcissistic personality disorder. In Hermann A. D., Brunell A. B., Foster J. D. (Eds.), Handbook of trait narcissism: Key advances, research methods, and controversies (pp. 3–13). New York: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92171-6_1
  • Weiss, B., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Distinguishing between grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, and narcissistic personality disorder. In A. Hermann, A. Brunell, & J. Foster (Eds.), Handbook of Trait Narcissism: Key advances, research methods, and controversies (pp. 3–13). London: Springer Press.
  • Wink, P. (1991). Two faces of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), 590-597.
  • Winsor, M. (2018, April 25). Toronto van attack suspect declared “Incel Rebellion” in chilling Facebook post. ABC News. Retrieved October 26, 2025, from https://abcnews.go.com/International/News/toronto-van-attack-suspect-declared-incel-rebellion-chilling/story?id=54718771
  • Witt, T., (2020). If I cannot have it, i will do everything i can to destroy it.’ the canonization of Elliot Rodger: ‘Incel’ masculinities, secular sainthood, and justifications of ideological violence. Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture, 26(5): 675-689. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2020.1787132
  • Zimmerman, S., Ryan, L. ve Duriesmith, D., (2018). “Recognizing the violent ex-tremist ideology of ‘Incels’. Women In International Security, Policy Brief”. https://giwps.georgetown.edu/resource/recognizing-the-violent-extremist-ideology-of-incels/. (16.05.2025).
Toplam 93 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Psikoloji
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Haydeh Faraji 0000-0001-5306-6546

Ezgi Çıvgın 0009-0008-5462-8764

Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 30 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Faraji, H., & Çıvgın, E. (2025). İncel Hareketinin Kırılgan Narsisizm, Reddedilme Duyarlılığı ve Öfke Çerçevesinde Değerlendirilmesi. Aydın İnsan ve Toplum Dergisi, 11(2), 195-228.


All site content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Common Attribution Licence. (CC-BY-NC 4.0)

by-nc.png