Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapide Ev Ödevlerinin Önemi ve Kullanımı Hakkında Bir Derleme Çalışması

Öz

Bu derleme çalışması, bilişsel davranışçı terapide (BDT) ev ödevlerinin terapötik süreçteki rolünü, etkinliğini ve seans içi kullanımını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Geleneksel derleme yöntemi kullanılarak, 1988-2025 yılları arasında yayımlanan 72 kaynak sistematik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Google Scholar, YÖK Tez Merkezi ve DergiPark veri tabanlarında "cognitive behavioral therapy", "homework", "homework compliance" ve "between-session work" anahtar kelimeleriyle yapılan taramalar sonucunda, ev ödevlerinin BDT'nin vazgeçilmez bir bileşeni olduğu ve tedavi sonuçlarını tutarlı bir şekilde iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Meta-analiz çalışmaları, ev ödevi uyumunun depresyon, anksiyete bozuklukları, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve diğer psikolojik bozukluklarda tedavi etkinliğini anlamlı düzeyde artırdığını göstermektedir. Son yıllarda dijital teknolojilerin entegrasyonu ile ev ödevlerinin uygulanması kolaylaşmış ve hasta uyumu artmıştır. Ev ödevlerinin etkinliği, terapistin ödev verme becerilerine, danışanla kurulan terapötik ilişkiye, ödevlerin kişiselleştirilmesine ve yapılandırılmış takibine bağlıdır. Bulgular, ev ödevlerinin seanslarda kazanılan becerilerin günlük yaşama transferini sağlayarak bilişsel ve davranışsal değişimin kalıcılığını artırdığını, danışanların problem çözme kapasitelerini geliştirdiğini ve nüks riskini azalttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, terapistlere ev ödevlerinin etkin kullanımı ve dijital araçlardan yararlanma konusunda önerilerde bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilişsel davranışçı terapi
• Ev ödevi
• Ödev uyumu
• Seans arası pratik ve Terapötik süreç

The Importance and Use of Homework Assignments in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review Study

Öz

This review study comprehensively examines the role, effectiveness, and in-session use of homework assignments in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Using the traditional review method, 72 sources published between 1988 and 2025 were systematically evaluated. Searches conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Google Scholar, YÖK Thesis Center, and DergiPark databases using the keywords "cognitive behavioral therapy", "homework", "homework compliance", and "between-session work" revealed that homework assignments are an indispensable component of CBT and consistently improve treatment outcomes. Meta-analytic studies demonstrate that homework compliance significantly enhances treatment effectiveness in depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other psychological disorders. In recent years, the integration of digital technologies has facilitated the implementation of homework assignments and increased patient compliance. The effectiveness of homework depends on therapists' homework assignment skills, the therapeutic relationship established with clients, personalization of assignments, and structured follow-up. Findings indicate that homework assignments enhance the durability of cognitive and behavioral changes by facilitating the transfer of skills acquired in sessions to daily life, develop clients' problem-solving capacities, and reduce relapse risk. The study provides recommendations to therapists on the effective use of homework assignments and utilization of digital tools.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cognitive behavioral therapy
• Homework
• Homework compliance
• Between-session work and Therapeutic process

Kaynakça

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